Mother Knows Best: A Mother Knows Best: A Content Analysis of Family Content Analysis of Family
Networks In Animated Networks In Animated Disney MoviesDisney Movies
Michael KurtzMichael Kurtz
RationaleRationale
Disney Corp. is a major contributor to Disney Corp. is a major contributor to Children’s MediaChildren’s Media
Oldest Form of Disney MediaOldest Form of Disney Media Feature-Length Animated Films (Tanner et al., Feature-Length Animated Films (Tanner et al.,
2003)2003) Popularity of Feature-Length Animated Film.Popularity of Feature-Length Animated Film.
How many own VHS?How many own VHS?DVD?DVD?Blu-Ray?Blu-Ray?
How many have a relative (regardless of How many have a relative (regardless of “Biologicalness”) who owns every Disney VHS “Biologicalness”) who owns every Disney VHS every released?every released?
This guy over there ( This guy over there ( ) does. ) does.
RationaleRationale
Children and information about familiesChildren and information about familiesObserving own familiesObserving own familiesVarious forms of media to negotiate who Various forms of media to negotiate who
they are and what the world is like they are and what the world is like (Drotner, 2011).(Drotner, 2011).
Vicarious Learning – Social Cognitive Vicarious Learning – Social Cognitive TheoryTheoryHuman development would be greatly retarded Human development would be greatly retarded
without this ability (Bandura, 2009).without this ability (Bandura, 2009).
RationaleRationale
Past Disney Movie ResearchPast Disney Movie Research Most research examines one movie for specific Most research examines one movie for specific
issuesissuesGender-Related Analysis (Beres, 1999)Gender-Related Analysis (Beres, 1999)Cultural, Racial, Ethnic Analysis (Gooding-Williams, Cultural, Racial, Ethnic Analysis (Gooding-Williams,
1995)1995) Multiple MoviesMultiple Movies
Prominent Themes about Family Relationships Prominent Themes about Family Relationships (Tanner et al., 2003)(Tanner et al., 2003)
Purposive samplePurposive sample ““Traditional” and “Alternative”Traditional” and “Alternative”
No detail about biological relationNo detail about biological relation
Research QuestionsResearch Questions
RQ1: What relationship will be the RQ1: What relationship will be the most dominant in Animated Disney most dominant in Animated Disney Movies?Movies?
RQ2: What biological relation will be RQ2: What biological relation will be the most dominant in Animated the most dominant in Animated Disney Movies?Disney Movies?
ReliabilityReliability
Reliability AssessmentReliability AssessmentBeginning section of three moviesBeginning section of three movies
Sword In The StoneSword In The StoneFinding NemoFinding NemoLady And The TrampLady And The Tramp
Reliability was considered “Excellent”Reliability was considered “Excellent”Actually, it does not get any better than Actually, it does not get any better than
what you are about to see…what you are about to see…
Coder ID Film ID Brief Name of Film Main Character Date Name A. Relationship A. Biological Relation
1 3 Lady & Tramp Lady 12/9/2011 Jim 101 0
2 3 Lady & Tramp Lady 12/9/2011 Jim 101 0
1 3 Lady & Tramp Lady 12/9/2011 Darling 102 0
2 3 Lady & Tramp Lady 12/9/2011 Darling 102 0
1 4 Sword In Stone Arthur "Wart" 12/9/2011 Ector 101 0
2 4 Sword In Stone Arthur "Wart" 12/9/2011 Ector 101 0
1 4 Sword In Stone Arthur "Wart" 12/9/2011 Kay 106 0
2 4 Sword In Stone Arthur "Wart" 12/9/2011 Kaye 106 0
1 8 Finding Nemo Marlin 12/9/2011 Nemo 112 2
2 8 Finding Nemo Marlin 12/9/2011 Nemo 112 2
1 8 Finding Nemo Marlin 12/9/2011 Coral 115 0
2 8 Finding Nemo Marlin 12/9/2011 Coral 115 0
Percent Agreement
Variable A. Relationship A. Biological Relation Average
Coder Pair
1,2 1 1 1
Average 1 1 1
Cohen's Kappa
Variable A. Relationship A. Biological Relation Average
Coder Pair
1,2 1 1 1
Average 1 1 1
Cohen's Kappa for Multiple Coders
Variable A. Relationship A. Biological Relation Average
Coders
1,2 1 1 1
Krippendorff's Alpha
Variable A. Relationship A. Biological Relation Average
Coders
1,2 1 1 1
ResultsResults
RQ1RQ1What relationship will be the most What relationship will be the most
dominant in Animated Disney Movies?dominant in Animated Disney Movies?Results will be shown for:Results will be shown for:
BeginningBeginningMiddleMiddleEndEndAggregateAggregate
ResultsResultsBeginning
A. Relationship
FrequencyPerce
nt
Valid Perce
nt
Cumulative Perce
nt
Valid 101 4 28.6 28.6 28.6
102 5 35.7 35.7 64.3
106 1 7.1 7.1 71.4
112 1 7.1 7.1 78.6
115 1 7.1 7.1 85.7
199 2 14.3 14.3 100.0
Total 14 100.0 100.0
ResultsResultsMiddle
B. Relationship
FrequencyPerce
nt
Valid Perce
nt
Cumulative Perce
nt
Valid 101 4 18.2 18.2 18.2
102 5 22.7 22.7 40.9
104 2 9.1 9.1 50.0
105 2 9.1 9.1 59.1
106 6 27.3 27.3 86.4
107 1 4.5 4.5 90.9
112 1 4.5 4.5 95.5
199 1 4.5 4.5 100.0
Total 22 100.0 100.0
ResultsResultsEnd
C. Relationship
Frequency
Percent
Valid Perce
nt
Cumulative
Percent
Valid 101 5 16.1 16.1 16.1
102 5 16.1 16.1 32.3
104 2 6.5 6.5 38.7
106 6 19.4 19.4 58.1
107 1 3.2 3.2 61.3
112 2 6.5 6.5 67.7
113 3 9.7 9.7 77.4
114 4 12.9 12.9 90.3
115 1 3.2 3.2 93.5
188 2 6.5 6.5 100.0
Total 31 100.0 100.0
ResultsResultsComRelationship
Frequency
Percent
Valid Perce
nt
Cumulative
Percent
Valid 101 13 19.4 19.4 19.4
102 15 22.4 22.4 41.8
104 4 6.0 6.0 47.8
105 2 3.0 3.0 50.7
106 13 19.4 19.4 70.1
107 2 3.0 3.0 73.1
112 4 6.0 6.0 79.1
113 3 4.5 4.5 83.6
114 4 6.0 6.0 89.6
115 2 3.0 3.0 92.5
188 2 3.0 3.0 95.5
199 3 4.5 4.5 100.0
Total 67 100.0 100.0
Aggregate
ResultsResults
RQ2RQ2What biological relation will be the What biological relation will be the
most dominant in Animated Disney most dominant in Animated Disney Movies?Movies?Results will be shown forResults will be shown for
BeginningBeginningMiddleMiddleEndEndAggregateAggregate
ResultsResultsBeginning
A. Biological Relation
FrequencyPerce
nt
Valid Perce
nt
Cumulative Perce
nt
Valid 0 7 50.0 50.0 50.0
2 5 35.7 35.7 85.7
9 2 14.3 14.3 100.0
Total 14 100.0 100.0
ResultsResults
B. Biological Relation
FrequencyPerce
nt
Valid Perce
nt
Cumulative Perce
nt
Valid 0 18 81.8 81.8 81.8
2 3 13.6 13.6 95.5
9 1 4.5 4.5 100.0
Total 22 100.0 100.0
Middle
ResultsResults
C. Biological Relation
FrequencyPerce
nt
Valid Perce
nt
Cumulative Perce
nt
Valid 0 22 71.0 71.0 71.0
2 9 29.0 29.0 100.0
Total 31 100.0 100.0
End
ResultsResults
ComBiological Relation
FrequencyPercen
t
Valid Perce
nt
Cumulative
Percent
Valid 0 47 70.1 70.1 70.1
2 17 25.4 25.4 95.5
9 3 4.5 4.5 100.0
Total 67 100.0 100.0
Aggregate
DiscussionDiscussion
““Mother knows best”Mother knows best” Be sure to get a DNA testBe sure to get a DNA test Future Endeavors for Content Analysis in Future Endeavors for Content Analysis in
Disney Movie StudiesDisney Movie Studies Code for…Code for…
Goodness/EvilnessGoodness/EvilnessLive or DieLive or DieHuman or AnimalHuman or AnimalWhen Death or implied Death (not due to natural When Death or implied Death (not due to natural
causes) occurs to any character (Seemed to occur in causes) occurs to any character (Seemed to occur in the 80s and beyond)the 80s and beyond)
How many times a song happens (UGH)How many times a song happens (UGH) Larger SampleLarger Sample
ReferencesReferences Bandura, A. (2009). Social cognitive theory of mass communication. In J.
Bryant and M.B. Oliver (Ed.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (pp. 94-124). New York, NY.: Routledge.
Beres, L. (1999). Beauty and the Beast: The romanticization of abuse in popular culture. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 2, 191–207
Drotner, K. (2001). Global media through youthful eyes. In S. Livingstone, & M. Bovill (Eds.), Children and their changing media environment: A European comparative study (pp. 283–306). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Gooding-Williams, R. (1995). Disney in Africa and the inner city: On race and space in The Lion King. Social Identities, 1, 373–379.
Tanner, L. R., Haddock, S. A., Zimmerman, T. S., & Lund, L. K. (2003). Images of couples and families in Disney feature-length animated films. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 31, 355–373.
The EndThe End