Monitoring and evaluation of walking and cycling interventions in Scotland
Andy CopeDirector, Research and Monitoring UnitSustrans
Sustrans in Scotland…• National Cycle Network• Connect2• Active Travel• School Travel• Liveable Neighbourhoods• …• £3.5m in 2009/10 from Scottish Government
1. Context
Five distinct areas…• Engineering• Education• Encouragement• Enforcement and compliance• Evaluation
2. KPI ‘sets’
Three distinct areas…• Changes in usage on the National Cycle Network and other local cycling and walking networks• Community and wider benefits• Process monitoring
3. Evaluation KPIs
Five distinct indicators/targets…• Trips on the NCN and NCN links increase 15%• Of 15% increase in trips, 25% will be new users • Increase usage on short links by 10%• Increase commuting trips on the NCN by 15%• 10% increase in active travel in intervention locations
4. Changes in usage on the NCN and other local cycling and walking networks
The resource consists of:• Over 150 cycle counters that we know about• Data from 34 analysed• Non-parametric slope estimators
5. Data generated: cycle count data
Average change in the average daily count over a one year period = 13%
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7 day median count of cyclists 5 day median count of cyclists
weekend day median count of cyclists Average change in average daily count
5. Data generated: cycle count data
6. Data generated: Route User Survey
6. Data generated: Route User Survey
Weaknesses…• practical• sampling• statistical power• validation• translational
But the strengths are replicability, deliverability, growing body of consistent evidence, increasingly robust in delivery context, useful as evidence
6. Data generated: Route User Survey
• Several distinct indicators• 20 counters show +6.3% per annum• [+1.3% at 14 non NCN sites; +4.5% across all sites]•NCN usage increased from 28.3 million trips in 2007 to 31.3 million trips in 2008, a +10.6% increase• Positive case studies, e.g. +240% pedestrian usage increase at Dumbarton
7. KPI example: trips on the NCN
8. Scotland Hands-Up Context• Annual hands-up survey of school children in Scotland
(began Sept 2008) providing national indicator of mode of travel
• Incorporated into Cycling Action Plan for Scotland• Partnership project: Sustrans (Scotland team and
R&MU) and STCs working in Local Authorities
Approach/method • Sustrans provide materials for STCs who pass on to
schools, local collation• Survey asks about usual or normal mode of travel for the
school journey – how do you normally travel to school• Survey during a specified week each September• Response options:
– Walk - Driven– Cycle - Bus– Scooter/Skate - Taxi– Park & Stride - Other
• R&MU conduct overall collation, analysis and reporting
8. Scotland Hands-Up
8. Scotland Hands-Up Participation
• 32 Local Authorities across Scotland
2008 – 29 LAs participated, 1,824 schools and 396,337 pupils
2009 – 31 LAs participated, 1,939 schools and 417,474 pupils
Response rate
• Calculated for participating Local Authorities only
2008 – 75.8%
2009 – 82.1%
8. Scotland Hands-Up - Results
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Walk Cycle Scooter /Skate
Park &Stride
Driven Bus Taxi Other
Travel Mode
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2009
Year Walk Cycle
Scooter/skate
Park&Stride
Driven Bus Taxi Other Sample
2008 48.3% 2.8% 0.7% 6.1% 22.0%18.2%
1.4% 0.5% 396377
200946.9%
2.3% 0.6% 6.7% 23.3%18.3%
1.5% 0.4%41747
4
Walk CycleScooter /
Skate
Park &
Stride
Driven Bus Taxi Other
Primary 2008 51.6% 3.4% 1.0% 7.4% 26.1% 8.7% 1.6% 0.2%
2009 49.5% 3.0% 0.8% 8.4% 27.9% 8.5% 1.7% 0.2%
Secondary 2008 42.8% 1.6% 0.2% 3.6% 12.7% 37.2% 1.0% 0.9%
2009 42.6% 1.2% 0.2% 3.5% 14.3% 36.2% 1.2% 0.9%
Independent 2008 27.2% 1.9% 0.6% 7.1% 42.4% 18.3% 0.4% 2.0%
2009 22.6% 1.6% 1.0% 6.3% 53.1% 14.3% 0.2% 0.9%
SEN 2008 13.5% 1.5% 0.0% 4.5% 6.8% 47.4% 26.3% 0.0%
2009 4.3% 0.2% 0.0% 0.2% 7.3% 54.1% 33.9% 0.0%
8. Scotland Hands-Up - Results• 49.8% of children surveyed travel to school in an
active way, either by walking, cycling or using a scooter or skate board in 2009 compared to 51.8% in 2008
• 2.3% of all pupils cycle in 2009 compared to 2.8% of all pupils cycling in 2008
• 22.0% of all children are driven to school in 2008, this increases to 23.3% in 2009
• A similar proportion of children took the bus in both years (18%)
• Wider use of data sets?• Alternative data sets?• Analytical processes?• Wider partnerships?
9. Our questions to TTSAC