FIRST STEPS INTO THE DEEP SNOW
Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Fighting against discrimination -
Maria Sklodowska Curie (1867-1934)
Story by Mimoza RistovaPhysics DepartmentUniversity in SkopjeRepublic of Macedonia
27.04.2012
Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Once upon a time, the world of science and art was inaccessible for women as nowadays the Vatican Conclave and the Athos of
Greece remain closed for female human beings.
VaticanAthos
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Let us not ever forget who made the first footsteps in to the deep masculine chauvinistic snow of science?
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
What the scientific conferences looked like before the phenomenon Marie Sklodowska Curie appeared?
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Scientific conference in 1900
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Solvay–scientific council 1911
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Sоlvаy Conference -1913
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Solvay Conference 1921
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Sоlvаy Conference - 1933
Irene Marie Lise Meitner
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Solvay Conference -1947
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Institute of Physics – Skopje -gender statistics
Временска база мажи жени
In memoriam 95% 5%
Retired professors 65 % 35 %
Full Professors 60 % 40 %
Associated Professors 50 % 50 %
Assistant Professors 60 % 40 %
Manager positions at the institute in last 10 years
60 % 40 %
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
HISTORICAL,
POLITICAL AND
SOCIAL CONDITIONS
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Life in Poland_______________________________
Russian occupation of Prussia
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Life in Poland_____________________________
1900 2000
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Russian occupation____________________________________________________
From capital city 1815 Warsaw became a Russian provincial city under the rule of the Russian Tsar.
Polish language was forbidden for public use.
Sklodowski family was devoted to open patriotism and cultural preservation.
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Mania was born on November 7th 1967 in Warsaw ____________________________________
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Zosia, Maria (V child), Hela, Joseph, Bronia
The Sklodowski’s children_______________________________
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Education under nationalistic discrimination ______________________________________
Higher education in sciences forbidden for polish students in the Russian Empire!!!!!
Russian Tsar Alexander II was
killed 1881 by polish
revolutionary students
Kosak’s parade after 1863 after defeating the revolution
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Depression (mental depleation)____________________________________
Life in the country – years of happiness
Education was the driver in her life
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recovering after 1 year
Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Governance, tutor in the sugar factory and illegal student of practical chemistry
_____________________________________________________________________
Mania & Bronia Kazimir Zorawski
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Illegal “flying” universities in Poland or
evening schools with variable address
____________________________________
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
1891 -1894Marie at Sorbonne____________________________
1893 - Master degree in physics as a top student in the class
and 1894 – master in
maths
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
To look for a job in Paris or to return back to Poland?____________________________
Facing difficulties in magnetic measurements, she was introduced to Pierre Curie
Wedding 189527.04.2012
Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Honey moon– tour de France____________________________
Wedding gift from Pierre
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
1897 – continuation of Becquerel's findings
Key to the success:Pierre and Jacque Curie’s upgraded electrometer
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Experiments with U-salts_______________________________
Becquerels hypotesis confirmed
U-salts with a greater U-content show greater activity
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Is it only property of U?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
She tested all the known elements. It was found that Th revealed the property.
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Doctoral degree for Pierre and Marie_________________________________________________________________
Gabriel Lippmann
First lady PhD in France
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Radioactivity is a property of atoms_____________________
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1903
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1903 was divided, one half awarded to Antoine Henri Becquerel "in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity",the other half jointly to Pierre Curie and Marie Curie, née Sklodowska "in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel".
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Nobel Prize in Physics 1903
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Curies in wellbeing
1904 -Irene (8) и Eve (1)
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Isolation of Ra and Po
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Charcoalit U- blend
Ores containing Ra and Po
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Ores containing U-salts
1 t (U-ore)
1,4 g (Ra)
t1/2(Ra-226)=138,4 d
1 mg (Po)
t1/2(Po-210)=1620 y
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Laboratory work for Po -separation___________________________________
U-blend + HCl(aq)
Clhorides in-sollution: U, Th, Pb, Cu, As, Sb, Bi, X + H2S(aq)
Sulphides : Pb, Cu, As, Sb, Bi, X + (NH4)2S
As & Sb in Sol, while the deposit contains Pb, Cu, Bi, X+ NH3(aq)+ HCl(aq)
Cu in sol, in deposit remain hydroxides Pb, Bi, X + HCl(aq) + H2S(aq)
Deposit of sulfides : Pb, Bi, X (sublimation at700oC)
Sulfide XS = PoS
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Two new elements - Po84 and Ra88
_________________________
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Short term happiness followed by trauma____________________________
Pierre Curi (1859-1906)
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
The years of loneliness ____________________________
…“Broken in pain, I wasn’t feeling ready to face the future. However, I could never forget what my husband said, that even if one day HE IS GONE, I should continue with our work…”
Picture she inserted in to Pierre’s coffin
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
1906 –First woman to establish a laboratory at Sorbonne____________________________
Andre Debierne the assistant who help the
prove that Ra is an element.
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
New deep snowFrench Academy of Science
Curie vs. Brannlie____________________________
Weather one female should enter the Academy?
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Victim of a French Xenophobia of ultranationalist press_______________________________
Marie is Jewish??!!! Racist analysis of her facial features and the handwriting
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Time adjusted eruption of the scandal related to her love affaire with
Paul Langevain, former Pierre’s bright
student.
Stigmatization in the media_______________________________________________________________
Paul Langevain
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Victim of sexism (gender discrimination in the FAS)
YES! For Mr. BrannlieNO! For M-me Curie
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Criteria for election (MORE .....).____________________________Is it that Branlie was appointed to FAS because he
was
MORE FRANCH
MORE CHATOLIC
MORE MAN
than Marie Sklodowska Curie????
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
1911 – Exile before the ruthless “crucifixion” of the public opinion ______________________________________
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1911____________________________
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1911 was awarded to Marie Curie "in recognition of her services to the advancement of chemistry by the discovery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element".
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
New depression____________________________
Was that a to big snow caused by the the gender chauvinism, anti-Semitism (?), nationalism ???
All of those discriminations at a same time!!??
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
..Than she was married to the Radium laboratory..____________________________
Irene and Marie Curie
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Illness –victim of professional exposure and painful death (1934)_______________________________________________________________________________
Pantheon - Paris
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
PANTHEONAUX GRANDS HOMMES LA PATRIE RECONNAISSANTE
"To the great men, the grateful homeland"
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The first woman to be buried in Pantheon by her own merit
Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
The Curie Unit (1Ci)_________________________
Activity
1 Ci = 3.7 x 1010 decays in one second
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
The name Curie
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Google – login page from 07.11.2011
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Who was the first female PhD in France?
Who was the first female Nobel Prize winner?
Who was the first female to establish a lab in Sorbonne?
Who was the first woman professor in France?
The champion in many disciplines__________________
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Who was the first to win 2 Nobel prizes in different fields?
Who was a female Nobel Prize Winner be a mother of another female Nobel PW?
Who was so unique to infect the close family to win 6 Nobel Prizes?
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Who won the so many battles against so many different types of discrimination?__________________________________
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Top 10 most influential scientists of all times (pole 2000)__________________________________________________________
1. Isaac Newton2. Luis Pasteur3. Albert Einstein4. Galileo5. Nikola Tesla6. Marie Curie7. Aristotle8. Enrrico Fermi9. Paul Dirac10.Charles Darwin
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
Instead of conclusion
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
It is not really easy to step first ....
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
... but, than again, it is easier to know that you have followers_________________________________
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Mimoza Ristova -Maria Curie-RAD-2012
However, this is simply easiest way...______________________
The end27.04.2012