MATTER
MATTERS
M S J OH N S O N
WHAT IS MATTER? Anything that takes up
spaceExamples
EVERYTHING!!
STATES OF MATTER
ATOMSAtoms are the smallest unit of matter that make up an element
ELEMENTSContain only one kind of atomCannot be broken down into a
simpler type of matter by either physical or chemical means
Atoms: Argon - Ar Molecules: Nitrogen- N2
Charge Location
Mass
Protons 1 Nucleus 1Neutron
sNo
ChargeNucleus 1
Electrons
-1 Electron Cloud
No Mass
Atoms are made of even tinier things ProtonsNeutronsElectrons
SUBATOMIC PARTICLES
MOLECULESSometimes atoms come together
to form MoleculesMolecules are a group of
Chemically combined atoms. Molecules can have 2 atoms or
they may have hundreds of atoms.
COMPOUNDSA compound is a molecule
BUT there are formed when atoms of different elements attach to one anotherEx: WATER: O is Red H is White
COMPOUNDS HAVE DIFFERENT PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES THAN THE ELEMENTS THEY ARE MADE OF.
S O D I U M ( N A )
Soft Silvery MetalMelting point of 97.5
°CReacts Violently with
Water
C H LO R I N E ( C L ) Very Toxic Boiling point 34°CGas is Yellow-Green
MIXTURES Most materials are mixtures:
Can be made of elements, compounds, or both
Mixtures can be separated by physical means
Sand and Water
TYPES OF MIXTURES HeterogeneousDifferent components can be seen as individual substances
Homogeneous Have the same composition throughout
Can also be known as a Solution
SOLUTIONAll components are of the same phase
and evenly distributedEX: Sugar and Water
A liquid mixture in which the minor component (the solute) is uniformly distributed within the major component (the solvent)
Are all solutions mixtures?
Yes all solutions are mixtures
Are all mixtures solutions?
No, some mixtures “parts” can easily be distinguished
LETS CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW
All mixtures are defined as heterogeneous?
FALSE
As temperature of a mixture increases, one part of the mixture may melt while the other parts remain solid.
TRUE
LETS CHECK WHAT YOU KNOW
ELEMENT, COMPOUND, OR MIXTURE?
WHAT ARE THOSE THINGS?
