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Biodiversity TargetsBiodiversity Targets
KENYAKENYA
MANAGING URBAN BIODIVERSITY MANAGING URBAN BIODIVERSITY IN KENYA IN KENYA –– NAIROBI NAIROBI
EXPERIENCEEXPERIENCE
NAIROBI’S CITY PRESENTATIONNAIROBI’S CITY PRESENTATION
IN CURITIBA, BRAZIL IN CURITIBA, BRAZIL –– 2727THTH MARCH 2007MARCH 2007
HIS WORSHIP, THE DEPUTY MAYOR,HIS WORSHIP, THE DEPUTY MAYOR,
CLLR. F. WAITITUCLLR. F. WAITITU
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CITY OF NAIROBI CITY OF NAIROBI -- KENYAKENYA
AreaArea : 680 Km: 680 Km22 (Size of Singapore)(Size of Singapore)
PopulationPopulation : : 3.3 million people(Estimate)3.3 million people(Estimate)
ClimateClimate :: TropicalTropical
Parks CoverageParks Coverage : 177.1 m: 177.1 m22 (25.83)(25.83)
Headquarter of UNEP & UNHeadquarter of UNEP & UN--HabitatHabitat
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Map of City of Nairobi Land UseMap of City of Nairobi Land Use
Land use types
Administra tive & Commercial Ce
Heavy Industrial Concentration
Light industrial Concentration
Very High Density Habitation
Low Density Habitation
Very Low Density Habitation
Learning Institution (Universi
Research Centre
Deferred or Open Land
Airport
National Park
Parks and Gardens
Gazetted Forest
Natural Forest
Playground (Stadia included)
Golf Course
Racecourse
Railway Sta tion
Plantation (Tea, Coffee)
Subsistence crops (Vegetables,
Neglected Sisal
Riverine Areas
Dam
Sewage
Nairobi area
Rivers.shp
3 0 3 6 Kilometers
N
Source: DRSRS
Legend
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Nairobi has several Parks, Nairobi has several Parks, Wetlands & Forests:Wetlands & Forests:
5.75.736.936.9Forest coverForest cover
1.691.6911.811.8WetlandsWetlands
18.4418.44128.4128.4ParksParks
% of Nairobi % of Nairobi
AreaAreaArea (mArea (m22))DescriptionDescription
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Nairobi has several Parks & Nairobi has several Parks & Open Spaces:Open Spaces:
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Parks in NairobiParks in NairobiNairobi National ParkNairobi National Park�� The only Game Park within a The only Game Park within a City in the WorldCity in the World
�� Protected Game reserveProtected Game reserve
�� Has variety of fauna, Has variety of fauna, egeg Lion, Lion, Rhino, Cheater, Buffalo etcRhino, Cheater, Buffalo etc
�� Has over 400 species of birdsHas over 400 species of birds
�� Open ecosystem allowing Open ecosystem allowing migration of wildlife (Not fenced migration of wildlife (Not fenced at southern side)at southern side)
�� AcreageAcreage 117Km117Km22
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Benefits of Parks & WetlandsBenefits of Parks & WetlandsEconomicEconomic –– Parks employ staff for Parks employ staff for maintenance & upkeepmaintenance & upkeep
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Tourism ValuesTourism Values ––
��Nairobi National Park alone receives 100, Nairobi National Park alone receives 100,
000 visitors annually000 visitors annually
EducationalEducational ––��Animal orphanage, Giraffe Centre, City ParkAnimal orphanage, Giraffe Centre, City Park
EnvironmentalEnvironmental ––��Variety of wild Animals, Carbon sinkVariety of wild Animals, Carbon sink
��Ground Cover to prevent evaporationGround Cover to prevent evaporation
��Shade against direct sunShade against direct sun
��Water purificationWater purification
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RecreationalRecreational ––
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COUNCIL’S ACHIEVEMENT IN COUNCIL’S ACHIEVEMENT IN IMPROVING BIODIVERSITYIMPROVING BIODIVERSITY
Decentralized workforce to ward level (55 Decentralized workforce to ward level (55 civic wards in Nairobi)civic wards in Nairobi)
Rehabilitated Parks & Opens spacesRehabilitated Parks & Opens spaces
Planted over 80,000 trees along the main Planted over 80,000 trees along the main highways in the last 2 yearshighways in the last 2 years
Protected Parks & Open spaces against Protected Parks & Open spaces against land grabbingland grabbing
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COUNCIL’S ACHIEVEMENT IN COUNCIL’S ACHIEVEMENT IN IMPROVING BIODIVERSITYIMPROVING BIODIVERSITY
Involved private sector/friends in Involved private sector/friends in parks management (Friends of City parks management (Friends of City Park & City Park Management Board)Park & City Park Management Board)
•• Reclaimed ‘grabbed’ open space. A Reclaimed ‘grabbed’ open space. A church demolished in 2006 in Uhuru church demolished in 2006 in Uhuru Park.Park.
Set a special fund for beautification Set a special fund for beautification programmeprogramme
Protection of Protection of Riverine Riverine & wetlands& wetlands
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CHALLENGESCHALLENGESInadequate fundsInadequate funds
Air & water pollution for vehicles & Air & water pollution for vehicles &
IndustriesIndustries
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CHALLENGESCHALLENGESIncrease in Human PopulationIncrease in Human Population
�� Population is now over 3.3millionPopulation is now over 3.3million
��Conversion of parks to housing estatesConversion of parks to housing estates
��RuralRural--Urban MigrationUrban Migration
�� Lack of elaborate master planLack of elaborate master plan
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CHALLENGESCHALLENGESLoss of Migration areas for wildlifeLoss of Migration areas for wildlife
�� Fencing of parksFencing of parks
�� Farming activities next to parksFarming activities next to parks
��Quarrying & miningQuarrying & mining
��Urban sprawlUrban sprawl
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CHALLENGESCHALLENGES
Human Human –– Wildlife conflictWildlife conflict
��Poaching for commercial purposesPoaching for commercial purposes
��Lions kill domestic animalsLions kill domestic animals
��Herders kill lions to protect animalsHerders kill lions to protect animals
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CHALLENGESCHALLENGESLegal IssuesLegal Issues
��Nairobi National Park is protected Nairobi National Park is protected
under KWS Actunder KWS Act
��Legislations like Forests Act limit Legislations like Forests Act limit
Council’s AuthorityCouncil’s Authority
��Inadequate Enforcement of lawsInadequate Enforcement of laws
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CHALLENGESCHALLENGES
Pollution of Nairobi RiverPollution of Nairobi River
��Burst sewersBurst sewers
��Dumping of solid Dumping of solid wastewaste
��Oils from garagesOils from garages
�� Industrial effluentIndustrial effluent
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IMPACTSIMPACTSLoss of Recreation spaceLoss of Recreation space
Habitat DegradationHabitat Degradation
�� Air & water pollutionAir & water pollution
�� Lack of ground coverLack of ground cover
��Global warmingGlobal warming
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IMPACTSIMPACTS
Death of migration systemDeath of migration system
��Reduced number of migrating animalsReduced number of migrating animals
��Loss of Tourism revenueLoss of Tourism revenue
��Loss of WildlifeLoss of Wildlife
•• PoachingPoaching
•• Encroachment of ParksEncroachment of Parks
•• UrbanizationUrbanization
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WAY FORWARDWAY FORWARD
PartnershipPartnership
��UN Habitat & Council to turn Jeevanjee UN Habitat & Council to turn Jeevanjee
Gardens into a modern Recreation ParkGardens into a modern Recreation Park
��Need to encourage corporate bodies & Need to encourage corporate bodies &
private companies adopt parksprivate companies adopt parks
�� Involve Development Partners for capacity Involve Development Partners for capacity
and Infrastructure developmentand Infrastructure development
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Proposed modern recreation park at Jeevanjee Proposed modern recreation park at Jeevanjee GardensGardens
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WAY FORWARDWAY FORWARDEcosystem ConservationEcosystem Conservation
��Need to initiate community based Need to initiate community based ecosystem conservation programmesecosystem conservation programmes
��Need to encourage community groups Need to encourage community groups participate in integrated city planningparticipate in integrated city planning
Review the existing legislationsReview the existing legislations