Lab Animal Clinical
Management
Extra Credit• Please explain your position on biomedical
research and the use of animals in this field
• the more effort you put into this, the more credit will be awarded
• THERE IS ABSOLUTELY NO PENALTY FOR HAVING A SEPARATE OPINION than my own. Please Please explain how you feel and why.
• written form is due Wednesday 3/5/14
• research - careful, patient, systematic, diligent inquiry or examination in a field of knowledge. undertaken to establish facts or principles
• human life expectancy 1900 - 49 yrs
• 2004 - 69.3
• Disease (USA) in millions
• 61.8 cardiovascular
• 50 hypertension
• 24 hearing disorders
• 20.5 cataracts
• 17 diabetes
• 0.7 leukemia
• 0.7 lymphoma
• 14 alcoholism
• 40.5 arthritis
• 4 Alzheimer’s
• 2 schizophrenia
• 0.4 MS
• 0.007 SIDS
Biomedical Research• area of science to investigate a biologic
process or disease
• comparative anatomy
• this information is used to discover or advance any area of medicine (including medications, surgical procedures, treatments/therapy)
• Prevent/Treat/Cure Disease in Animals and Humans
• 1940 - Polio
• by 1960 BMR had developed a vaccine and nearly irradiated the disease
• Antibiotics, Small Pox, Measles, Bone Marrow Transplants, Open-Heart Sx, pet meds/vax, human OTC, Rabies
• to name only a few - current research is moving toward improved treatments and cures for cancer, Avian Flu, Ebola, AIDS
• children outside of Third World Countries receive a polio vaccine in addition to typhus, diphtheria, whooping cough, smallpox, and tetanus
• Diabetes
• 1978 - canine population was struck suddenly with worldwide outbreak of severe vomiting, diarrhea (dehydration) and frequent death
• Parvo (similar to feline panleukopenia) - canine vaccine tested, approved, and produced within 1 year
• also FeLv, FIV
table 1.1 pg 3biomedical
breakthroughs
• husbandry
• nutrition
• behavior
• health
• reproduction
• herd health
• we must understand how to identify and treat stress and discomfort in the scope of the protocol
• biotechnological advancement
• genetic-engineering
• FDA
• EPA
• Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
• OSHA
• cruelty-free products - either indirectly tested or just
plain untested - blindness, a med with a heinous side-effect
Where
• Universities
• Hospitals
• Pharmaceuticals
• Farms
• VTI
AALAS Myth Slides5-12
AALAS Jobs28-38
Independent Study• Regulations - very straight forward, no room for interpretation.
• You will be responsible for the following information come test time
• Animal Welfare Act
• Animal Welfare Information Center
• GLP pg 18
• Public Health Service
• The Guide
• IACUC
• AVMA
• OLAW
despite all my rage…
Euthanasia
• 95% of studies end in euthanasia
• AVMA Guideline for Humane Euthanasia
• VTI
• The protocol dictates which animals will be euthanized and at what point.
• This protocol is approved by the IACUC long before an animal is ever involved.
• It also details how euthanasia is to take place and who is responsible for this procedure (depending on samples that may need to be taken following euthanasia)
• methods
• CO2, Euthanex chamber
• Injectable
• YOU MUST BE TRAINED TO DO THIS
• Adoption
• Sanctuary - Chimp Haven, Bastrop,
• Retirement Sanctuary for Laboratory Animals
• Enrichment/Stress
• absolutely paramount on the part of the animal care staff.
• at minimum it affects research
• the effects of stress must be controlled or the data is useless
• parturition, breeding, serum chems, eating, enrichment, training, and the list goes on
• enrichment
Animal Rights vsAnimal Welfare
• cruel - VTI?
• dispassionate - proof?
• PETA - importance?
• animal rights vs animal welfare
• Sarah McLachlan
• Replace
• Reduce
• Refine
• the stereotypical rights activists
• does not believe in kenneling dogs
• zoos/aquariums
• food animals
• abstain from Western medicine
• broken hand, OTC meds, x-rays, sx, prosthetics
• Sarah McLachlan - distortion of facts
• Kill vs Euthanize
• Pets?
• Welfare - the physical and psychological needs of the animals are paramount - the welfare of a biomedical research animal are directly proportional to the welfare of mankind
• there is a perspective that paints BMR as painful and torturous. the vast majority of procedures are non-painful for the animals and the other are treated appropriately by the veterinary team with analgesia and swift euthanasia PRN
• these animals may experience disease in an effort to prevent or cure human disease
• PETA vs AMA - funding, public opinion
• always remember the 3 Rs
• extremists
• violent threats to doctors and staff at better-publicized institutions. labs are broken into, animals are stolen, equipment and data is destroyed
• worst case scenarios have involved violence and bombings