Influences on your healthy, active lifestyle Topic 1.1.2
Slide 2
Lesson Objectives Lesson 1 Develop knowledge and understanding
of what influences peoples participation in sport. Learn about the
different types of people who influence participation and
understand the roles they play. Grade Your Learning C Know the six
main categories B Understand how people can influence a persons
participation within sport A Can relate this to different people in
the world today
Slide 3
STARTER On your tables discuss who / what influences people to
take part in physical activities. Write your ideas down on page 3
of your work booklets.
Slide 4
Influences on Taking Part in Sport The main influences on
peoples participation in sport fit into 6 categories which are as
follows: People Image Cultural Factors Resources Health and
Wellbeing Socio-economic In the envelop you have just been given
are the main influences of sports participation. Place them under
the into category on page 4 in your workbook.
Slide 5
Influences on Taking Part in Sport People Family Peers Role
Models Image Media Fashion Cultural Factors Gender Race Disability
Age Resources Availability Location Access to Facilities Time
Health and Wellbeing Illness Heath Problems Socio-economic Cost
Status
Slide 6
PEOPLE Factors - Family Parents will encourage their children
to take part in certain sports / activities. Parents / brothers or
sisters may play a sport which you may watch resulting in you
getting involved in. Children rely on their parents to get them to
the sport / activity.
Slide 7
PEOPLE Factors Friends / Peers Most children play sports with
their friends in their spare time and will play whatever the
majority want to play. Most children will play for a team where
they already know some of the other children who play there. Peers
/ friends often encourage other children to take part in their
sport or to come and play for their team.
Slide 8
PEOPLE Factors Role Models People who excel in their sport and
other people often children what to emulate them. Children / people
are inspired by their actions and often decide to take up a sport
in an attempt to be like them. They basically encourage people to
take part in sport / try new sports. Positives Encourage people to
play sports so by increasing numbers participating. Their good
behaviour can positively effect the behaviour of children who look
up to them. Negatives Poor behaviour can be seen by children as the
correct way to behave. Can lead to people copying behaviour e.g.
taking drugs, swearing at officials.
Slide 9
Attributes of Positive / Negative Role Models TASK Look at page
7 in your booklet. With a partner write down and explain FIVE
attributes of a POSITIVE role model and FIVE attributes of a
NEGATIVE role model.
Slide 10
People Factors Task / Homework Look at the people on page 8 of
your booklet. Write down how these athletes could have influenced
people positively or negatively due to their actions. COMPLETE FOR
HOMEWORK
Slide 11
Lesson 2 - Objectives Develop knowledge and understanding of
how image factors can affect sports participation. Understand the
different types of media and how they can have a positive and
negative effect on sports participation. GRADE YOUR LEARNING C =
Understand the two IMAGE factors that can effect participation. B =
Understand how the media can have both a positive and negative
effect on participation. A = Link IMAGE and PEOPLE influences
together in relation to sport in this country.
Slide 12
STARTER Using the information gained last lesson fill in the
boxes on page 9 of your booklets, stating the 3 types of people who
influence participation and writing down the reasons why they do
this.
Slide 13
IMAGE FACTORS Fashion / Look Sports can go into and out of
fashion depending on the times e.g. in the 90s aerobics was very
fashionable. Also the clothing people wear to take part in sports
activities can be fashionable (trendy) which encourages people to
take part. People want to look fit and healthy and will take part
in physical activities to look good. WHY WOULD THIS INFLUENCE
PEOPLE?
Slide 14
IMAGE FACTORS Fashion / Look Name a Sport that often becomes
fashionable for a short period of time every year and why does this
happen? Example Wimbledon: due to the increased media coverage more
people want to play it while the event is being played. Name a
sport that has become unfashionable and explain why? Example
Aerobics: due to other fitness activities like ZUMBA, boxercise and
spinning classes which are seen as more interesting.
Slide 15
IMAGE FACTORS Media Gives people the opportunity to view, read
about and listen to sports. This often influences people to take
part in a sport for the first time. Four types of media coverage:
TV Papers Radio Internet
Slide 16
IMAGE FACTORS Media POSITIVES Allows people to view a sport,
encouraging them to give it a go. Sponsorship for a sport will
dramatically increase if it is very popular with the media e.g.
football. The media helps create role models for people to aspire
to. Increased TV coverage often leads to a sport having more money
to spend, giving more money out to people / clubs taking part e.g.
large wages in football.
Slide 17
IMAGE FACTORS Media NEGATIVES If a sport is not seen in the
media e.g. female football, people will not be encouraged to take
part in it. Bad media coverage of a sport e.g. drugs in cycling,
can result in people not wanting to take part in the sport.
Inappropriate behaviour by role models in often in the press and
can lead to people viewing a sport differently. Sports who do not
receive much media coverage often have less money and less sponsors
leading to lower prize money and wages. This will lead to people
wanting to play sports where they can receive more money e.g.
football.
Slide 18
TASKS / HOMEWORK Task 1 Using the text books (Pages 34 + 35)
name and explain THREE different types of TV programmes that can be
used to promote sport. Task 2 Using the knowledge gained over the
past two lessons answer the question on page 13 of your
booklet.
Slide 19
Lesson 3 - Objectives Develop knowledge and understanding of
CULTURAL factors that affect sports participation. Link the factors
to participation rates within England GRADE YOUR LEARNING C =
Understand the four cultural factors that can affect participation.
B = Understand why gender and race has such a massive affect on
participation. A = Are able to link different cultural factors to
participation rates in England.
Slide 20
CULTURAL FACTORS Disability Having a disability can limit the
type of physical activity that you can take part it. Many sports
centres nowadays have facilities for disabled people which has led
to a increase in opportunities to take part. What prevents disabled
people from taking part in sport? Lack of facilities in the local
area. Lack of clubs / teams. Lack of media coverage (apart from
when the Paralympics is on) Knowledge of activities available in
local area e.g. advertising.
Slide 21
CULTURAL FACTORS Age Some sports are more popular than others
with different age groups. Older people (50+) often like less
strenuous activities as they are more physically limited. Adults
may have less time to take part in activities due to other
commitments e.g. work, children. Younger people can potentially
injury themselves in some sports due to them not being physically
strong enough as they are still growing e.g. weightlifting.
Competitions in high endurance activities often have minimum age
restrictions e.g. marathons, triathlons. What do most sports do to
help people of different ages play? Have different age levels.
Younger people often have leagues / competitions in age groups e.g.
under 11s. Older people often have their own competitions as well
where they play against people of similar ages e.g. seniors.
Slide 22
CULTURAL FACTORS - GENDER Task 10 minutes Read pages 23 + 24 in
your text book. In your own words write the key points down under
the appropriate headings on page 15 in your booklet.
Slide 23
CULTURAL FACTORS - GENDER KEY POINTS Men in Sport 1) Play for
fun, competition and to release aggression. 2) Physical demanding
sports / contact sports. 3) Like to look big and strong. 4) Like to
be part of a team / social bonding. 5) High media coverage / lots
of role models. Women in Sport 1) Sports with less body contact. 2)
Less competitive activities e.g. aerobics 3) Emphasis on body shape
and the way they look. 4) Meet new people / socialise. 5) Sports
that maintain feminine image.
Slide 24
CULTURAL FACTORS Barriers Some activities are often seen as
male only sport e.g. rugby, so there are often fewer sports /
opportunities for them to take part. Girls are put off playing
these sports as they are often labelled butch / lesbians. Women's
sport has a lower profile than men's and lacks media coverage. This
means it is not seen as much and there are less female role models.
Women get fewer sponsors resulting in less money in their sports.
HOW CAN THE MEDIA HELP IMPROVE THIS?
Slide 25
CULTURAL FACTORS - RACE Task 5 minutes Read pages 28 in your
text book. In your own words write the key points under the heading
RACE at the top of page 17 in your workbooks. KEY POINTS 1) Live in
poorer areas in the country less facilities. 2) Sporting prejudices
that already exist e.g. African- Caribbeans are seen to have less
swimming ability. 3) Family commitments resulting in less time to
participate in sport. 4) Lack of role models.
Slide 26
CULTURAL FACTORS Race Why does it effect a persons
participation? Muslim women have to keep their bodies covered up
preventing them from doing sports like gymnastics / swimming.
During Ramadan people are not allowed to eat food during daylight
hours. This means that during the day they may have little energy
when taking part in sports. Also they must eats at night instead of
train. Many people dont take part in sports as they are afraid of
being racially abused. In many sports there are a lack of role
models for black / ethnic people to look up to and aspire to. HOW
CAN SPORTS CLUBS HELP INCREASE PARTICIPATION?
Slide 27
Homework Using the information looked at today answer the
questions on page 18 in your booklets.
Slide 28
LESSON 4 - OBJECTIVEs Develop knowledge and understanding on
how RESOURCES, HEALTH and MONEY influence sports participation.
Understand how where you live affects what sports you play.
Discover how problems with your health can affect sports
participation. Understand how status and wealth can influence the
sports that we play. Grade Your Learning C = Understand each
influence within the THREE categories looked at this lesson. B =
Understand how each influence can affect participation. A = Can
link this to certain sports and certain areas within the
counrty.
Slide 29
STARTER Place the following influences looked at so far in this
booklet into the correct box on page 19 of your booklets: Gender
Family Look Fashion Age Peers TV Disability Radio Role Models
MediaRace Newspaper
Slide 30
RESOURCE FACTORS Availability For people to take part in
physical activities there must be suitable facilities and resources
available e.g. football pitches to play football. Looking back at
last weeks lesson which 3 cultural factors may this affect and why?
Gender if there are no girls teams in your area e.g. rugby; then
they are unable to take part in the activity as they are not
allowed to play with the boys. Disability if there are no
activities near you then participation will be difficult. Age There
may not be a team for your age group.
Slide 31
RESOURCE FACTORS Location Certain locations are suited to
certain sports. The environment can influence what activities can
be participated in. E.G. Also some sports are more regionalised and
are mainly played in certain areas of the country. E.G. How does
where you live influence what you participate in?
Slide 32
RESOURCE FACTORS Access Facilities need to be easily
accessible, the easier the access the more likely they will be
used. If facilities are further away transport will be needed but
obviously this is more time consuming and costly. The size and
quality of the facilities also influences how many people can take
part, the bigger the facility the more people can participate. What
sports can you access in your local area?
Slide 33
RESOURCE FACTORS Time People need TIME to be able to
participate in sports / activities. If they do not have free time
then participation will suffer. This could be due to school, work
or family commitments. Explain why time would be an issue for the
people listed at the bottom of page 21 in your booklet.
Slide 34
HEALTH FACTORS Illness Being temporarily or permanently ill can
prevent people from taking part in physical activities. However
some medical conditions can be helped by exercise e.g. people who
suffer from asthma should go swimming. Discuss as a group how
medical problems on page 18 of your booklets could influence the
sports that you participate in?
Slide 35
HEALTH FACTORS Asthma: Effects the lungs ability to bring in
oxygen and so can hinder people when participating in endurance
activities. Diabetes: Can effect the bodies energy levels. People
need to check their blood sugar levels constantly and can influence
whether a person can continue. Joint Problems: Effects the joints
within the body. This can obviously prevent someone from taking
part in some sports that require certain joints when
performing.
Slide 36
TASK Look in your text book and explain How exercise positively
helps influence a persons health and well being. Write the answers
in the boxes on page 23 of you booklet.
Slide 37
Weight Control gives a person more energy The body becomes
better equipped to prevent or deal with injuries. Quicker recovery
from exercise Arteries become bigger and more elastic, leading to
reduced blood pressure Bodies immune system is improved so it can
fight off infection and disease better. Ligaments become stronger
reducing the risk of joint injuries Tendons become stronger,
reducing muscle injuries The heart becomes bigger and stronger,
reducing the risk of heart disease. Increase in fitness makes it
easier to meet the demands of the environment. Bones become
stronger and less susceptible to osteoporosis when you get older
Lead to the creation of new friends, making a person feel good
about themselves Helps release stress and anger Cardiovascular
fitness increases as the heart is more efficient.
Slide 38
SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS MONEY and STATUS Some sports require
expensive equipment E.G. Some activities you need to be a member to
play which usually means paying membership fees which can be
expensive E.G. You may need to travel to be able to take part in an
activity which again costs money E.G. Think of THREE sports that
cost a lot of money to get involved in and what influence goes this
have on participation in these sports? Upper class sports which are
more expensive and more difficult to access are seen as upper class
sports as people need money to get involved e.g. polo, rowing.
Working Class sports which are cheaper and more easily accessible
are often seen as working class sports e.g. football, rugby.
Slide 39
HOMEWORK Looking back at all the different influences that
affect participation, write a detailed description on what
influences YOU?
Slide 40
Lesson 5 - Objectives Develop knowledge and understanding of
the different roles that can be seen in sports. Understand the
different qualities required to be a captain, coach or official.
Understand how volunteers play a pivotal role within the sports we
play. Understand the different levels of the sports participation
pyramid. Grade Your Learning C = Know the different ways that a
person can participate in a sport and the four levels of the
participation pyramid. B = Understand the different qualities a
person needs to be a captain, coach or official. A = Understand in
detail each level of the sports participation pyramid and can link
this to people around you.
Slide 41
STARTER Turn to page 26 in your booklet. Using the information
gained from last lesson answer the questions on this page.
Slide 42
ROLES IN SPORT - Participate These are the people who turn up
week in week out to participate within a sport / activity. Most of
them do this for fun and to be with their mates, but some do this
as they like competition and they want to win trophies.
Slide 43
ROLES IN SPORT - Captain They are normally highly skilled in
their sport and often perform well under pressure. Other members of
their team look up to them. They must be organised as they are
often needed to organise other peoples on their team during a game.
They must also be decisive as they must make important
decisions.
Slide 44
ROLES IN SPORT - Coach Coaches need a good knowledge and
understanding of the sport they coach. They must have good tactical
knowledge if they are to succeed within game situations. Coaches
must be able to help and develop their players performances. They
must be able to analyse their players performances and give them
clear and positive feedback to hep them improve. They must be good
communicators.
Slide 45
ROLES IN SPORT - Official Referees / officials must know the
rules of the sport. They need to be very observant and decisive as
they must make decisions very quickly. They must be confident and
authoritative (strong) so that they can keep control within games.
They must be good communicators given clear instructions to
performers before and during games.
Slide 46
VOLUNTEERS Volunteers are people who give up their free time
without being paid to assist in a team / club. Volunteers can do a
variety of things like coach, drive the team mini-bus, clean kits
etc. Volunteers needs to be enthusiastic and have the ability to
work as a team. They must also be good leaders, be organised and
have good problem solving skills. People who volunteer to run clubs
often make new friends and improve their teamwork / leadership
skills which they may find useful outside of sport.
Slide 47
Task Think about the sport YOU play. Write down how VOLUNTEERS
play an important role in this?
Slide 48
Sports Participation Pyramid There are FOUR sections to the
sports participation pyramid which are: 1) Foundation largest
amount of people perform here. 2) Participation 3) Performance 4)
Elite / Excellence Lowest amount of people perform here. TASK Turn
to page 29 in your booklets. Using your text book to help you,
decide which part of the participation pyramid each statement goes
under and write it down next to it. IF you are happy / confident
about your answers write them into the appropriate spaces on page
30 and 31 of your booklet.
Slide 49
ELITE 1) These are highly skilled athletes who have reached a
level of excellence in their sport. 2) These performers compete at
a national and international level, either as amateurs or
professionals. PERFORMANCE 1) At this stage participants start to
train more seriously and show a higher level of commitment to
improve specific sport related skills. 2) Performers join clubs and
teams to play their sport at a more competitive level and often
receive coaching to improve. 3) At this level performers, if they
are good enough, could go on to represent their county in their
chosen sport.
Slide 50
PARTICIPATION 1) The performer shows an increase in competency
in their chosen sport. 2) At this stage participants play sports
for fun, to socialise and improve their health and fitness. 3)
Often at this stage performers join sports clubs or do extra-
curricular activities at school to develop their skills even
further. 4) This is when a person chooses to play sport on a more
regular basis. FOUNDATION 1) Participants might not understand the
rules of the game, but as they play they are developing basic
skills and movements required in the sport. 2) Most people are at
this level when they are at school and develop these basic skills
when in PE lessons.
Slide 51
Task Look at page 49 in the text book. Write down the NINE key
points that are needed to help athletes develop into elite
performers in this country. 1) Increase club and government body
membership. 2) Increase numbers of volunteers. 3) Increasing
numbers and improving standards of coaches. 4) Increasing numbers
of trained officials. 5) Increasing numbers of administrators at
all levels of sport. 6) Better access to better facilities. 7)
Appropriate competition. 8) Talent is identified and developed. 9)
Better access to support services e.g. sport scientists, sport
psychologists.
Slide 52
Homework Choose a sport and research using the INTERNET what
they do to help performers get to the elite level?
Slide 53
Lesson 6 - Objectives Understand what INITIATIVES are and what
they are designed to do. Understand how schools, local clubs and
sports centres help get people / sustain peoples involvement in
sport. Grade Your Learning C Know what initiatives are and what the
countries main priority groups are in regards sports participation.
B Understand how school, clubs and sports centres play a pivotal
role in maintain sports participation. A Understand why different
initiatives have been set up and how they specifically can
influence people to take part in sport.
Slide 54
STARTER Turn to page 33 in your booklet. Name each section of
the sports participation pyramid looked at last week and give a
brief description of what happens at each level?
Slide 55
Initiatives What are they? These are ways to increase the
popularity and participation in a particular sport. They are often
aimed at certain groups of people within a community e.g. Women and
Girls, the elderly. Using your text books write in the boxes
provided on page 34 in your booklet what the purpose of initiatives
are?
Slide 56
Initiatives Increase the number of people participating in a
sport. Provide the opportunity for people to improve their skill
levels in their chosen sport. Provide people with higher quality
coaching. Encourage people to take up other roles within sport. To
raise the profile of sports within a community. Encourage
development in a wide range of sporting areas. To sustain peoples
interest in sport. Increase the amount of time people play sport To
get people who not normally play sport involved. Provides people
with more opportunities to compete against other people. Provides
people with the opportunities to use better quality
facilities.
Slide 57
Priority Groups These are groups of people that the government
wants to focus on and increase their participation within sporting
activities. WHO ARE THEY? Lower social-economic groups Adults with
a limiting disability or illness Women and girls Minority ethnic
groups
Slide 58
Sustained Involvement is Sport Schools People often start
playing a sport at school within their PE lessons. Schools offer a
wide range of sporting opportunities so children can hopefully find
a sport that they like. Schools often have links with local clubs
and organisations. This is where people first experience
competition and if they enjoy it they are often encouraged by
teachers or friends to take part more outside of school. Local
Clubs These play a pivotal role in keeping people interested and
involved in sport. Have coaches that help people to develop their
skills. Allows people to focus on ONE sport which they love. Give
people the chance to compete against other people of similar
ability. They also provide other opportunities are people to keep
involved within a sport even if they are to old e.g. coaches,
treasurers.
Slide 59
Sustained Involvement is Sport Sports Centres These provide
people with the opportunities to take part in sports at a less
competitive level, whenever they feel like it. There is no
commitment required and people often pay on the day to play. They
allow people in a local area to keep fit. What do sports centres
offer to get more people involved?
Slide 60
Research Task Using the internet research the TWO initiatives
on page 37 of your booklet. EXTENSION TASK Research sports centres
in your local area and write down at the back of your booklets
different initiatives they are using to get people participating in
sport. NOTE: Make sure you write down what they are doing and who
it is aimed at!
Slide 61
Lesson 7 - Objectives Understand the different opportunities
ELITE performers get to develop their skills. Understand what
agencies are involved in providing more sporting opportunities in
this country. Grade Your Learning C = Know the places where ELITE
performers have access to and the names of the different agencies
involved in providing sporting opportunities in England. B =
Understand why these opportunities help ELITE performers. A =
Understand what the agencies roles are and what they do to help
sport in England.
Slide 62
STARTER WHAT DO YOU KNOW? Attempt the questions on page 38 of
your booklet with regards CENTRES of EXCELLENCES?
Slide 63
Centres of Excellence These are centres which provide elite
performers in this country assess to: Better facilities Better
Coaches Better equipment Better education in terms of diet and
lifestyle choices. More professionals to help them develop further
in their potential careers e.g. sport psychologists. National
Sports Centres These are facilities that can be used by local
communities as well as elite athletes. These again offer better
facilities and equipment and help participation within sport by:
Allowing clubs to be based there. Allowing the public to pay and
play. Organising courses for people to get involved in.
Slide 64
Task Turn to page 40 of you booklet. Using your text book
research SPORT ENGLAND and the YOUTH SPORT TRUST. Explain what
these agencies are and do with regards sport in this country.
Slide 65
YOUTH SPORTS TRUST FIVE KEY AREAS OF DEVELOPMENT 1) Improve PE
for all young people. WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? 2) Inspire learning
and achievement through PE and sport. 3) Help young people to
compete and support the most talented. 4) Develop coaching and
volunteering. WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? 5) Connect school and club
sport.
Slide 66
National Governing Bodies These agencies run sports within the
country. Can you name THREE different sporting governing bodies in
England? - FA- LTA- RFL They run their sport from grass roots level
all the way thought to professional level. Their aim is to provide
opportunities within their sport for people to participate and get
involved.
Slide 67
National Governing Bodies There main work involves: Providing a
national structure and direction for a sport. Formulate rules and
regulations. To discipline clubs, players and coaches for breaking
the rules they set. Increasing the quality and quantity of coaches,
officials and volunteers within their sport. Organise competitions
at all levels. Help develop facilities. Advise and help clubs with
funding. Providing support and insurance for affiliated clubs to
ensure participants can take part in sport safely.
Slide 68
RESEARCH TASK Turn to page 42 in your booklets. Research using
the internet the following initiatives: 1) TOP Sports 2) Young
Ambassadors 3) Fit for Girls Make sure you explain WHO they are
aimed at, WHAT they aim to do and HOW will they achieve this?
Slide 69
HOMEWORK Revise for you topic test next week. Remember the test
is on TOPIC 1.1.1 + 1.1.2. All three tests are on MOODLE for you to
look at and revise from.