PAINTING
PAINTING -one of the fine arts that depicts
various intrinsic values of man through imaginative aggregation of lines and color.
-expresses the artist’s perceptions and feelings on a particular selected subject.
-the artist selection of a subject comes from his understanding and interpretation of his feelings and emotions.
PAINTING
-beautiful expression of the artist’s inner feeling – sadness, happiness, fear, anger, anxiety, stillness or peacefulness, turbulence or chaos.
-what he thinks and feels, giving the subject its meaning for the art lover to enjoy and draw meaning as well.
Art of applying pigments to surface in order to present a picture of the subject.
ELEMENTS OF
PAINTING
ELEMENTS OF PAINTING
SUBJECT
answers the what of the piece of painting. What is the painting about?PortraitureAnimals and plantsStill lifeCountry lifeLandscapeSeascapeCityscapeEvent religiousOthers
SUBJECT
PORTRAITURE – pictures of men or women singly or collectively
SUBJECT
ANIMALS AND PLANTS – because of constant contact with their interest in these living organisms, it was inevitable for them to paint these things they needed to survive
SUBJECT
STILL LIFE – painting of an inanimate object or non-living thing placed on a table or another setting.
Availability and capability to be organized.
SUBJECT
COUNTRY LIFE – scenes in countryside happening daily in the community.Barrio fiestaParadeHarvestBig catch of fishesNatural calamity
SUBJECT
LANDSCAPE- any land forms including volcano, mountain, hill, valley, plain, cliff, etc.
SUBJECT
SEASCAPE- any of the water forms: ocean, sea, river, lake, brook, pond, falls etc.
SUBJECT
CITYSCAPE- aerial view of a city or a portion of it can be the subject
SUBJECT
EVENT “SPOLIARIUM” BLOOD COMPACT
SUBJECT
RELIGIOUS ITEMS – common during the Renaissance period Holy family Madonna and child Jesus Christ Angels Saints
SUBJECT
OTHERS- mythological, fictional, cartoon characters
MEDIUM
Differ not only in their inherent qualities but also in the effects they produce.
Refers to the materials used by the artist.
MEDIUM
Fresco- pigment is mixed with water and applied to wet plaster.
Italian for Fresh Done with the use of earth pigments mixed
in water and applied to fresh plaster or glue which attaches the color to the surface like the wall.
Biggest advantage is its durability.
FRESCO
Buon fresco/ true fresco – when the plaster is wet
Fresco secco- when the plaster is dry.
Advantages / Disadvantages: Quick to dry Difficult to correct Not movable Subject to loss in the event that the walls are
destroyed.
MEDIUM
Water color-pigment mixed with water and applied to the surface of smooth or rough paper.
Colors are applied in very thin layers
Gouache-opaque water color -produced by grinding opaque colors with
water and combining them with a preparation of gum and adding Chinese white to transparent colors.
MEDIUM
Oil-which is done on canvas or prepared wood panel
Done with the use of ground pigments (from minerals, coal tar, vegetable matter, etc.)
Long-lasting, slow in drying, easy to handle and manipulate texturally, and capable of being corrected.
OIL
Applied in 2 ways: Direct method- paints are opaque and once
applied on the surface, they dry up and give the finished product its final appearance
Indirect method- transparent and they are applied in many thin layers or coatings.
MEDIUM Tempera- done with
the use of ground pigments mixed with the albuminous or colloidal vehicle (egg yolk, gum, glue, or casein)
-readily dries with the evaporation of water
Luminosity of tone as an effect on the wood panel, ground or surface.
MEDIUM
Pastel- closely resembling dry pigments bound to form crayons, which are directly applied to the surface.
Very flexible medium Difficult to preserve
MEDIUM
Acrylic- use of synthetic paints called acrylics mixed with a vehicle capable of being thinned with water.
Possesses flexibility of oil and the transparency and the fast-drying ability of water color
Soluble in water and can be applied on almost all surfaces.
Has no tendency to crack or darken or yellow with age. Acrylic emulsion/ polymer- serves as its binding
agent
MEDIUM
Encaustic- done with the use of hot wax as a vehicle to bind pigments to a wooden panel or wall.
Durable Colors remain vibrant and its
surface maintain hard luster Difficult to manipulate
TOOLS
BRUSH – used to have a variety of strokes PALETTE- contains or holds the painting
medium PALETTE KNIFE – used to mix colors, add,
scrape or remove colors EASEL- frame that supports the painting
EVOLUTION OF PAINTING
Painting has mirrored the changing world and man’s ideas about it.
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCED THE HISTORY OF PAINTING Geography Religion National characteristics Historic events Development of new materials
EVOLUTION OF PAINTING
Painting progressed slowly through the Medieval, Renaissance, Mannerist, Baroque, Classic, Rococo, Neoclassic, and Romantic periods.
PREHISTORIC PERIOD
Ancient Egyptians- used paintings in their burial sites
Cave paintings
Grotte-Vhauvet – oldest known painting believed to be about 32,000 years old
GREEK PERIOD
Paintings are found in pottery and ceramics Zeuxis, Parrhasius, and Apelles – famous Greek
painters in wooden panels Greatest painter of antiquity for his technique in
drawing, coloring, and modeling.
ROMAN PERIOD
Influenced by Ancient Greek paintings
Wall paintings from villas in Campania, Southern Italy, which can be grouped into four main “styles” or periods.
MEDIEVAL
Rise of Christianity Brought different spirit and aim to painting
styles
RENNAISANCE PERIOD
Golden age of painting 14th-mid 17th century
Leonardo, Michaelangelo, Raphael
BAROQUE PERIOD
1600 to last years of 17th century Paintings with dramatic light and shade,
violent composition, exaggerated emotion
CLASSIC PERIOD
Refers to the art of Ancient Greek and Rome” Art of Greece in the 5th century B.C. Any art that is based on a carefully organized
arrangement of parts, with special emphasis on balance and proportion.
ROCOCO PERIOD
18th century Lighter than that of Baroque, often frivolous
and erotic
ROMANTIC PERIOD
Shifted the attention toward landscape and nature as well as the human figure and the supremacy of natural order above mankind’s will
REALIST AND NATURALIST PERIOD
Late 1800s Linked mainly with their rejection of
Impressionism. Post-impressionists Divided into three groups
Expressionists- Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gaugin (personal expression)
Formalists- Paul Cezanne(composition and structure)
Realists and naturalists- Gustave Courbet (used light, shade, color, and perspective to reproduce as closely as possible the appearance of objects in nature.
IMPRESSIONIST PERIOD
Last half of 19th century Tried to capture the quality of light as it plays
across landscapes and figures. Used small strokes of contrasting colors next
to each other to create illusion of vibrating light.
MODERN PERIOD
Early 20th century Avante-garde artists experimented on new
styles of formalist painting and such experimentation led to the birth of Cubism, Futurism, De Stijl, and Suprematism
NOTABLE ARTISTS
AMORSOLO, FERNANDO
May 30, 1892-April 26, 1972 Portraitist and painter of rural
Philippine landscapes. Father of Philippine Realism for
his numerous realistic paintings. “Bombing of the Intendencia” “the Burning of Manila” “Dalagang Bukid” “the First Baptism in the
Philippines” “The First Mass in the Philippines” “Planting Rice” “Princess Urduja” “Sikatuna”
HIDALGO, FELIX RESURRECTION
February 21, 1853-March 13, 1913
Contemporary of Juan Luna who placed second in an international art exposition in Madrid Las Virgenes
Cristianas Expuestas al Populacho (2nd)
LaBarca de Aqueronte (gold)
Adios al Sol (silver)
LUNA, JUAN
Oct. 23, 1857-Dec. 7, 1899
Death of Cleopatra (gold) Spoliarium The Blood Compact Ang Tagumpay ni Lapu-
Lapu
MALANG- SANTOS, MAURO
Worked as a graphic artist and cartoonist at the Manila Chronicle
Created comic strip characters Kosme the Cop (retired) and Chain Gang Charlie
Pastoral Tres Marias
MANANSALA, VICENTE
Philippine Cubist painter and illustrator
Madonna of the Slums Jeepneys Kalabaw Bangkusay Seascape Stations of the Cross
BUONARROTI, MICHAELANGELO DI LODOVICO
Italian Renaissance artist
Frescoes at the Sistine chapel ceiling The creation of man The fall of man The story of Noah The last judgment Conversion of Saul Martyrdom of St. Peter
DA VINCI, LEONARDO
The archetype of the “Renaissance Man” The Annunciation The Adoration of the
Magi The Virgin of the
Rocks The Last Supper Mona Lisa Self-Portrait
SANZIO, RAPHAEL
Master painter and architect of the Italian High Renaissance The Small Cowper
Madonna The Nymph Galatea Madonna del
Granduca St. George Fighting
the Dragon
VAN GOGH, VINCENT
Dutch post-impressionist artist
Lunatic confined in an asylum where he produced some of his world-renowned works The Starry Night Fisherman on the
beach Two rats Self-portrait