Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busacodesign models & methodologies
Human-Computer Interaction
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
“Machines certainly can solve problems,store information, correlate,
and play games – but not with pleasure.”
Leo Rosten
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Goal
Developing digital products
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Goal
Developing digital products
product as functionalityversus
product as information
mainly in the Web context
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Goal
Alan Cooper et al., About Face (3rd Edition), 2007
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Reality
Software engineering is mainly focused onthe communication between applications
and developers or between teams of developers
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Reality
Human-Computer Interactionconsiders the communication with the user
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Reality
Interface design requiresan important development effort
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Reality
Interface design represents 50% of…
design timeimplementation time
maintenance timesource-code volume
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Necessity
Within the design processes, we’ll need to employ:
theoriesmodels
frameworks
Rogers, 2007
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Necessity
Theory
gives a (rigorous, formal) clarificationof certain aspects regarding a phenomenon
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Necessity
Model
simplifies a given aspect about interactionin order to facilitate choosing and/or evaluating
alternatives of design
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Necessity
Framework
denotes a set of interconnected conceptsand/or a set of specific problems regarding HCI
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning the UI design
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
involved disciplines & persons (Challis Hodge)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Interaction Design
story creatingstory telling
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
story creating & telling used in the context of prototyping
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Sensorial Design
conventional interaction
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Sensorial Design
conventional interaction
graphic design, illustration & photographysound design, musical performance, vocal talents
videography, cinema
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Sensorial Design
natural interaction
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Sensorial Design
natural interaction
tactile designolfactory design
kinosthatic design…
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Sensorial Design
natural interaction
new paradigms & expectationsaugmented and virtual reality, physical computing, etc.
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
the role of sensorial design in the automotive industry
initiatives: CarPlay (for iOS) and MirrorLink (works with Android devices)
case study
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Task-centered interface design
focused on the developer’s (producer’s) goals:easiness of implementation, the use of technology, etc.
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Task-centered interface design
ignores the user – e.g., usability
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Task-centered interface design
creating a feature-centric software:many – never used – features
mammoth applications
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Task-centered interface design
encouraged by the classicalsoftware engineering methodologies
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
User-centered interface design
software must please, help, protect the user
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
User-centered interface design
design must consider the user expectations
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
User-centered interface design
applications must simplify the humans’ tasks
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
the user is automatically “opted in”
courtesy of Patricia Saravesi (2014)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
“User experience and interface design in the context of creating software represents an approach that
puts the user, rather than the system,at the center of the process.
This philosophy, called user-centered design,incorporates user concerns and advocacy fromthe beginning of the design process and dictates
the needs of the user should be foremostin any design decisions.”
MSDN, User Interface Design & Development section
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
User model versus implementation model
the most simple model must be adopted
Alan Cooper, 1995, 2007
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
When a model is adopted,a certain perspective is considered
perspectives:system
dialogue (interaction)tools (computer as a tool)
environment (computer as a partner)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
System perspective
a Gelstalt view of the whole application
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
System perspective
interaction is taking place in a standard,pre-defined (sometimes rigid) format
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
“I am thinking about something much more important than bombs. I am thinking about computers.” – John von Neumann (1946)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
System perspective
too often, user mental model is ignored
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
“Demanding that users register or log in before they can use an app or see Website information has high interaction cost.” – Raluca Budiu (2014)
www.nngroup.com/articles/login-walls/
login wall
potential customers have no way of knowing if they are
interested in a certain available product/service
case study
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
both user and computer are seen as partnersof a certain conversation
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
communicative behavior similar to the human one
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
http://tinyurl.com/8xz8prs
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
reported by @johnbreslin
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
texthypertext
direct manipulationpictures & illustrations
gesturesemotional factors
…
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
information categoryimages, numbers, names, relationships,…
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
context: data visualization
for other examples, visit http://firsttimeux.tumblr.com/
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
information structurelimited set of values, lists of pairs (name, value), graphs,…
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
designed by Dr. Stefan Negru (2014)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
information structure
datainformationknowledge
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
user profile and preferencesage, abilities, ethnicity, social aspects, etc.
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
user profile and preferencesage, abilities, ethnicity, social aspects, etc.
remember personas?
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
activity type + concurrency(collaborative) work, leisure, real-time task,…
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
contextspatial, temporal
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Touch-based interaction
hand obstructioninaccuracy of tapping
lack of haptic feedbackmulti-touch issues
etc.
www.slideshare.net/pankorho/touch-uis-are-quite-different
discussion
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
discussion
perceptual blindness“How do I close this pop-up?”
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Tools perspective
users (need to) have full and continuous controlover all tools provided by the computer and
with their help want to accomplish their goals
software as a tool
www.designinginteractions.com/downloads/DesigningInteractions_2.pdf
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Environment perspective
computer is considered as a communication environment between persons
(e.g., via e-mail, chat, social applications,…)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Environment perspective
the process of communication is the same,even if software and/or types of interaction are different
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Environment perspective
the process of communication is the same,even if software and/or types of interaction are different
proliferation of multi-platform (mobile) Web applications
able to integrate social networks
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
How about design values?
http://noisydecentgraphics.typepad.com/design/images/2008/03/11/yourproduct.jpg
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
EthicalPurposefulPragmatic
Elegant
Alan Cooper et al., 2007
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
Ethical (helpful)
do no harm, improve human situations
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
discussion
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
discussion
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
Purposeful (useful, usable)
help users achieve their goals and aspirations
accommodate user contexts & capacities
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
user expectations regarding the interface (Peter Morville)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
discussion
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
Pragmatic (viable, feasible)
help organizations achieve their goals
accommodate business and technical requirements
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
Elegant (efficient, artful, affective)
represent the simplest complete solution
possess internal(self-revealing, understandable) coherence
appropriately accommodate/stimulatecognition and emotion
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busacohttp://pinterest.com/zimmatore/elegant-ui-design/ http://androidniceties.tumblr.com/
skeuomorphism versus flat design
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
“A visual bug seen by all your customers might domore damage to your program’s reputation
than a rarely occurring crashing bug.”
Windows UX Guidelines, MSDN
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
“An application is powerfulwhen it enables its target users to realize
their full potential efficiently.”
Windows UX Guidelines, MSDN
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design models and methodologies
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Using “classical” software engineering methodologies
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Using “classical” software engineering methodologies
cascadespiral
RAD – Rapid Application Development…
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
User-centered design methodologies
GUIDELUCID
STUDIOconcerning usability – ISO 13407
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
ideas
build
pro-duct
mea-sure
data
learn
iterative design methods are preferredlean startup method (Eric Ries, 2011)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Methodologies
Jesse Garrett, The Elements of User Experience (2nd Edition), New Riders, 2011
bottom to top conceptual framework
each plane is dependent on
the planes below it
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Methodologies
Jesse Garrett, The Elements of User Experience (2nd Edition), New Riders, 2011
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Methodologies
Jesse Garrett, The Elements of User Experience (2nd Edition), New Riders, 2011
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Agile design methodologies
many factors of uncertainty
work is organized into the smallest possible batch size in order to quickly launch the product
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & MethodologiesUX activities occurring during
the course of a single sprint
example
Lynn Pausic (2012)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Agile development & Lean UX shared goals
shorten the time to marketworking software over comprehensive documentation
collaboration over negotiationresponding to change over following a plan
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Lean UX vs. Agile UX (Marcin Treder, 2013)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Lean UX processes
Will Evans & Jacklyn Burgan, Intro to Agile and Lean UX (2013)http://www.slideshare.net/jacklynburgan/intro-leanux-turnerfinal
John Whalen, Implementing Lean UX (2013)http://www.slideshare.net/johnwhalen/uxpa-2013-implementing-lean-ux
Figure out: who it’s for?interviews, personas, design target
What can the user do that wasn’t possible before?
activity map, concept drawing, storyboards
What features does the user need for that?
sticky notes, sketches,whiteboarding
Sketch it, (prototype it), then build it
“fake it, then make it”
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Lean UX
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Lean UX = design thinking + agile + lean startup principles
for details, see Amrita Aviyente, Agile + Lean Startup principles + Lean UX (2013)
http://www.slideshare.net/amritacaviyente/agile-lean-uxfinal
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
UCD (user-centered design)
Lean UX
learn from users learn from users
no agile concepts uses agile concepts
no validating hypothesis validating hypothesis
no way to measure design outcomes
measure design outcomes
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Methodologies could be based on certain models
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
conceptual models for designing a Web interfaceRobert Baxley, 2003
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
QOC (Questions, Options, Criteria)Maclean et al., 1991
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
QOC (Questions, Options, Criteria)Maclean et al., 1991
questions regarding design key issues
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
QOC (Questions, Options, Criteria)Maclean et al., 1991
questions regarding design key issues
possible options to response to each question
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
QOC (Questions, Options, Criteria)Maclean et al., 1991
questions regarding design key issues
possible options to response to each question
evaluation criteria – e.g., ergonomics, accessibility, preferred interaction method,… – concerning every option
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
QOC
question:How user could pick a location for flower delivery?
discussion
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
QOC
question:How user could pick a location for flower delivery?
options:listbox, combobox, textfield, using a map,…
discussion
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
QOC
question:How user could pick a location for flower delivery?
options:listbox, combobox, textfield, using a map,…
criteria:efficiency, keyboard-only interaction, using gestures, etc.
discussion
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
QOC
discussion
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
example: QOC for touch-based interaction with a patient monitoring applicationA. Berila, A. Bulai, C. Chiric & M. Plesca, 2012
patientmo.wordpress.com
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Iterative design may employ usersin the different phases of the project
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Iterative design may employ usersin the different phases of the project
these persons could evaluate UIin early stages of development
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
from idea to the final software product
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Prototyping
overall view of the user interface
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Prototyping
proposes a design solution
no full functionality required
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Prototyping
could be dynamic
provides ways for experimentation
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Prototyping
attract users in the development process
might have an important role in testing
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Prototyping
adapted from Amrita Aviyente, 2013
fidelity tool
paper prototype paper + pencil
low – clickable wireframe OmniGraffle, Gliffy, MS Visio, UXPin
medium Axure RP, Adobe Illustrator
high code (e.g., HTML + CSS + JS)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
paper prototype of main page for www.info.uaic.ro
(Sergiu Dumitriu, Marta Gardea, Sabin Buraga, 2006)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Original Twitter Concepthttp://www.flickr.com/photos/jackdorsey/182613360/
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Storyboard
describing the manner of presenting information,without any functionality
http://storyboardcentral.blogspot.com/
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
A. Stanciu, I. Schiopu, A. Grigoriu, I. Lazar (2011) – aisquared.wordpress.com
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Storyboard
in the Web context, it usually consists of wireframes
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Wireframe
provides a general view of the structure of interfaceand relationships between pages
wireframe-based design
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Wireframe
created in the first stage of the project
gives instructions to both designers and programmers regarding the interface look & behavior
conceptual page layouts
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busacoA. Stanciu, I. Schiopu, A. Grigoriu, I. Lazar (2011) – aisquared.wordpress.com
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Mockup
provides a low-fidelity – full-size or scaled – prototype:paper illustration, screenshot,…
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Mockup
provides a low-fidelity – full-size or scaled – prototype:paper illustration, screenshot,…
used for demonstration, teaching, evaluation
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
mockups for a geolocation-based recommender system
A. Stanciu, I. Schiopu, A. Grigoriu, I. Lazar (2011) – aisquared.wordpress.com
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Mockup
several examples of available software tools:Balsamiq Mockups – www.balsamiq.com
HotGloo – www.hotgloo.com
MockFlow – mockflow.com
Mocking Bird – gomockingbird.com/mockingbird/
Moqups – moqups.com
Proto.io – http://proto.io/
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Interface assistants (wizards)
help users to dynamically create the interface
interactive prototyping
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Case study #1:designing a Web interface for Apricado Music
http://jeff.io/posts/user-interface-wireframes
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Step 1: paper prototype (sketch)
signup form
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
step 2: wireframe
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Step 3: design mockup
step 3: design mockup
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
step 4: implementation
real Web interface (HTML+CSS)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Case study #2:UI design for an iPhone applicationable to manage personal expenses
Andrei Potorac, 2011
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
storytelling – includes useful notes for designer/developer
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
from mockup to UI prototype – using the iPhone emulator
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
For further information:
Philipp Schroeder, “Sketching, Wireframing, Prototyping –How to Be Agile & Avoid Half-Baked UX” (2012)
http://www.ustream.tv/recorded/25221096
Craig Brewster, “Lean UX in practice” (2013)http://wp.me/pV32M-aU
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Necessity of specific HCI guidelines and standards
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Necessity of specific HCI guidelines and standards
to assure the quality of user interface
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Standards
Imposed by (inter)national organisms
examples:ISO 9241
W3C Standards StUX (Standards for User Experience)
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Guidelines
Provides details and design suggestions
Could list abstract principles to be usedin early stages of UI development
May resolve certain design conflicts
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Guidelines: examples
BBC GEL (Global Experience Language)GNOME HIG – Human Interface Guidelines
Samsung Smart TV UX Guideline UX Design Guidelines for Windows Phone
iOS Human Interface GuidelinesWeb Content Accessibility Guidelines
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications)context: Web Accessibility Initiative – www.w3.org/WAI/
case study
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
GNOME HIG: usability principles
Design for peopleDon’t limit your user base
Create a match between your application & the real worldMake your application consistent
Keep the user informedKeep it simple and pretty
Put the user in controlForgive the user
Provide direct manipulation
for details, read https://developer.gnome.org/hig-book/3.10/
case study
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Principles for Designing Apps for Samsung TV
SimplicityClarify
User ControlConsistency
FeedbackAesthetic Considerations
see also https://www.samsungdforum.com/UxGuide/
case study
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
“Conclusion”
aspects regarding UI designfrom methodologies to guidelines
Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
next lecture:information architecture & design patterns