Gynaecological UltrasoundGynaecological Ultrasound
Felipe Moretti, MD
Griff Jones, MD, FRCS
Assistant Professor – UOttawa
Maternal Fetal Medicine Division
Basic physics
Gynaecology
Ultrasound used for medical purposes is from one MHz (one million cycles per second) to 20 MHz.
Higher frequency wave assesses the object more often in any given time period. This
results in more information and allows sharper images
If each wave represents a path, the walker uses the same energy to reach point X. Low frequency waves penetrate
deeper into the tissues than high frequency waves
SummarySummary
Low frequency sound waves can penetrate more deeply but have less definition than high frequency waves
The farther something is away from the probe, the worse the resolution
In OB GYN Ultrasound – – We use low frequency probes for abdominal
scanning– We use high frequency probes for transvaginal
scanning
Gyne UltrasoundGyne Ultrasound
Assess:
Uterine pathologies (ex. Fibroids);Endometrial pathologies (ex.polyps);Ovarian pathologies (cysts)
UterusUterus
Uterine PositionUterine Position
Uterus TransvaginalUterus Transvaginal
Uterine FibroidUterine Fibroid
Uterine EnlargementUterine Enlargement
Difficult FibroidsDifficult Fibroids
Endometrium changesThroughout the cycle
Anteverted uterus with follicular endometrium
Retroverted uterus with secretory endometrium
Abnormal EndometriumAbnormal Endometrium
Cavity EnlargementCavity Enlargement
OvariesOvaries
Trans-abdominal Ovarian ScanTrans-abdominal Ovarian Scan
Transvaginal Ovarian ScanTransvaginal Ovarian Scan
Depth of penetration was not an issue here. But the improved resolution due to the higher frequency of the TV probe shows ovarian substance and allows a
diagnosis of polycystic ovaries
Transabdominal Transvaginal
Normal OvaryNormal Ovary
Ovarian appearance changes throughout the menstrual cycle
Cystic FollicleCystic Follicle
Cyst ComplicationsCyst Complications
resolved 2 weeks laterresolved 2 weeks later
Ovarian MassesOvarian Masses
Thank YouThank You