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GSSD Expo 2013
Ole Reinholdt NielsenNairobi, 29 October 2013
Cooperation between China and West Asia in residential air conditioning
sector
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• Background• West Asia project• Additional SS opportunities
Outline
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USA: 185 billion kWh for A/C (US Energy Information Administration);
Rapidly growing sector;
Unsaturated market in developing countries (in particular India);
Most common refrigerant: HCFC-22.
Background – Air Conditioning
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HCFC phase-out (developing countries)
Background – Montreal Protocol
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Dual practiced scope: Phasing out Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS); and Minimizing climate impact.
Background – Montreal Protocol
Technology Comments Safety group
HFC-410, 407C GWP ≈ 2,000 A1
HFC/HFO blends (drop-in: No ICC) GWP ≈ 1,000 A1
HFC-32 GWP = 675 A2L
HFC/HFO blends GWP: 150-300 A2L
R-290, 1270 and HC blends GWP: 3-10 A3
Other (CO2, NH3, non-VC) GWP = 0 A1, B2
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A/C sector plan approved in 2011 by MLF (completion: 2015);
75 M$ to eliminate 10% HCFC consumption: 18 production lines to
be converted to R-290; 5 compressor lines
converted to R-290; Annual output with R-
290 A/C’s: app. 6.5 million;
Substantial R&D in flammable refrigerants.
Background - China
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Characterized as high ambient countries;
Account for app. 15% of global A/C market; and proper technologies are needed to ensure a sustainable A/C landscape as well as compliance with MP;
Energy efficiency standards for buildings and products being introduced.
West Asia situation
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West Asia situation
30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 7060%
65%
70%
75%
80%
85%
90%
95%
100%
105%
110%
COP
COP - R-32 COP - R-290 COP - R-410 COP - R-407C
Condensing temperature [deg. C]
Re
lati
ve
CO
P
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West Asia project – PRAHA Promoting Low-GWP Refrigerants for the Air Conditioning
Sector in High Ambient Countries (PRAHA) – approved by MLF 2013 (400 k$);
Joint UNEP/UNIDO project; Main purpose: To assess air-conditioning technologies and
their applicability in high ambient temperatures and to find suitable, energy efficient and low-GWP alternatives for these conditions, that is currently a challenge;
Assessment through prototyping and independent testing; Involving all manufacturer in the region.
High Ambient Matrix Window
Decorative split Ducted Packaged
HFC-32 No Yes Yes NoHFC/HFO blends Yes Yes Yes YesR-290 No Yes No Yes
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Through experience with R-290, Chinese manufacturers are participating as technology providers in this initiative;
Assistance comprise (so far): Presentations at regional symposiums on low-GWP
alternatives; Technical assistance in R-290 technology; Supply of R-290 compressors for prototyping; Study tour to Chinese manufacturer for West Asian
manufacturer (Oct. 30 and onwards).
Completion of project: End 2014.
West Asia project – PRAHA
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Other UNIDO SS opportunities
Due to uncontrolled use of R-290 (drop-in) in especially Africa and Central America: UNIDO has ordered a number of real R-290 training units for
some African countries to ensure proper awareness and training on flammable refrigerants;
This will be followed by larger scale training of technicians; This initiative will be extended first to Latin American
countries and then globally.
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Huge export opportunity to developing countries – in particular India
Promote low-GWP alternatives, since all global initiatives are focusing on the phase-down of HFC’s and financial penalties are already in place in many export markets;
Focus on export markets, like India where tens of thousands of R-290 products have already been sold.
Export of components and/or equipment kits based on new technology, since there are no compressors and condenser coils available locally in most of these countries.
Other UNIDO SS opportunities
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Thank you for your attention
Contact
Ole Reinholdt NielsenUnit Chief, Refrigeration and Aerosols UnitUnited Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDOMontreal Protocol Branch P.O. Box 300, 1400 Vienna, AustriaTel: +43 1 26026 3036 (direct)Fax: +43 1 26026 6804E-mail: [email protected] URL: www.unido.org
