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FrancesGross,D.O.RosevillePediatrics
Food Allergies
Overview
• Affects5%ofchildrenunderageof5
• 4%ofteensandadults
• Definedas:Specificcomponentsoffood(proteinsofchemicalhaptens)thatarerecognizedbyallergen‐specificimmunecellsandelicitspecificimmunologicreactions.
• Phenomenonwhenanantibodyreactsnotonlywiththeoriginalallergen,butwithasimilarallergen
• Commonamongdifferentshellfishandtreenuts
Cross Reactivity
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Most Common Food Allergies
• Cowmilk• Soy• Egg• Wheat• Peanut• Treenuts• Shellfish
• Milk, eggand peanutmajorityofallergicreactionsinyoungchildren
• Cowmilkmostcommonfoodallergyinthefirstyearoflife
• Peanut,treenutsandshellfishmajorityofreactionsinteensandadults
• Nutallergyinchildrenisthemostsevere
• Canbefatal
• Prevalenceabout0.6%ofU.S.population
Nut Allergy
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• 4timesmorelikelytohaveAsthma
• AlmostalldeathsofU.S.childrenfromanaphylaxisduetofoodshadAsthma
AstudybytheCDCshowschildrenwithfoodallergiesare2‐4timesmorelikelytohaveotherrelatedconditions.
• Eczema3timesmorelikelyinchildrenwithfoodallergy
• Ifhavebotheczemaandfoodallergy:50%morelikelytobediagnosedwithAsthma
Link to Eczema
• 16differenttypesofimmunereactionstofood
• IgE mediatedreactionstofoodandnonIgE mediated
• IgE (yourallergyantibody)isauniqueclassofimmunoglogulin thatmediatesanimmediateallergicreaction
Allergic Response to Food
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Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2010; 126:S1-S58 (DOI:10.1016/j.jaci.2010.10.007)Copyright © 2010 Terms and Conditions
Reactions
• Foodinducedanaphylaxis
• Oralallergysyndrome
• Cutaneous reaction• Hives• Flushing• Dermatitis
• Respiratoryreaction• Asthma
Most Common Presentations
Diagnosis
• ClinicalHistory:Ingestsfoodandsymptomsappear
• Serum‐ Immunocap lgE BloodTest/Rast Test
• SkinTesting
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Treatment/ Prevention
• Notherapiestotreatfoodallergy
• Only optionandtreatmentisavoidanceoffoodallergen
• Involvesthemanagementofallergicsymptomswhentheyappear
• Keystosuccessforpatientswithfoodallergy:
• Education• FoodAllergyPlan• Avoidance
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Anaphylaxis Treatment
TheFoodAllergy&AnaphylaxisNetwork(FAAN)(800)929‐[email protected]
For more information:
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Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Food Allergy in the United States: Report of the NIAID‐Sponsored Expert Panel
NIAID‐SponsoredExpertPanelJournalofAllergyandClinicalImmunologyVolume126,Issue6,PagesS1‐S58(December2010)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.10.007
Copyright © 2010 Terms and Conditions
Questions?
