Government, Economy, and Culture
7th Grade Global Studies
http://ian.umces.edu/imagelibrary/displayimage-87-7820.html
http://www.clipartpanda.com/categories/economy-20clipart
http://blogs.elon.edu/gst336/2014/05/14/biological-genes-cultural-memes/
Types of Government
◆Democracy
◆Monarchy
◆Oligarchy
◆Dictatorshiphttp://www.progressivewaste.com/en/government/
Government is elected by the people
Direct Democracythe people as a body make the decisions
Indirect (or Representative) Democracy
the people elect representatives to make the decisions on their behalf
Democracy:
https://www.thinkwithgoogle.com/collections/google-for-government.html
Monarchy• King, queen, emperor or empress.
• Position passed on to the ruler’s heirs.
Traditional Monarchy (Saudi Arabia)
Monarch has absolute power.
Constitutional Monarchy (United Kingdom)
Democratic government limits the monarch's control
http://www.istockphoto.com/vector/royal-crown-of-the-united-kingdom-historic-monarchy-symbols-20705199
Oligarchy
A few people (dominant clan/group) have all the power.
Example:
Communism
http://econintersect.com/b2evolution/blog2.php/2011/12/13/americans-elect-and-the-emerging-oligarchy-update
Dictatorship• Rule by a single leader
• Leader not elected• May use force to keep control.
Military dictatorship: army in control
http://www.differencebetween.info/difference-between-dictatorship-and-fascism
Economy
• Method used by a society to produce and distribute goods and services.
• Or, How the government tells us what we can get and how to get it!
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-F9iHKvxcmoc/UsdIxoULaHI/AAAAAAAAAno/RvTdwTt5Hlc/s200/63-Free-Retro-Clipart-Illustration-Of-Man-Carrying-Big-Bag-Of-Money-With-Dollar-Sign.jpg
Types of Economies
◆Traditional
◆Command
◆Market
◆Mixedhttp://pixgood.com/economy-clipart.html
Traditional Economy
• Economic decisions based on habits and customs (the way it has always been done)
• Children work the same jobs parents worked, often farming or hunter/gatherer
• Ex. Eskimos, the Amish, African tribes
Command Economy
Government makes the economic decisions
• Advantages: can act quickly in emergencies, provide for all people equally
• Disadvantages: Inefficient, no incentive to work hard or be creative
Ex. Communist Countries (China, Vietnam, North Korea, former Soviet Union, Cuba)
Market Economy
• Driven by buyers and sellers(competition)
• Supply and demand influence economy
• Also known as FREE ENTERPRISE or CAPITALISM
(No true free market economies actually exist)
Mixed Economy• Individuals and businesses make
decisions for private sector
• Government makes decisions for public sector
• Greater government role than strict market economy
• Most common economic system today
Examples: USA, England, Germany, Russia
Culture
The unique way in which a group of people live.
"The total, generally organized way of life, including values, norms, institutions, and artifacts, that is passed on from generation to generation by learning alone" http://thearticulateceo.typepad.com/my-blog/2011/08/cultural-differences-high-context-versus-low-context.html
Culture is like an Iceberg:
YOU CAN SEE
YOU CAN’T SEE
1. Facial expressions
2. Religious beliefs
3. Foods
4. Eating habits
5. Paintings
6. Concept of self
7. Work ethic
8. Styles of dress
9. Literature
10. Concept of fairness
11. Child-raising beliefs
What elements of culture do we see in these images?
TAPAS/ FOOD
ARCHITECTURE DANCE/ CLOTHING
SPORTS/ GAMES ARCHITECTURE
What culture region is being depicted here?
A NEW, “GLOBAL” CULTURE
As barriers to travel, trade and communication lessen, cultures spread, and become intertwined with others.
GLOBALIZATION
“Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and
governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by
information technology.”
“What is Globalization.” Globalization101.org. The Levin Institute, 2015. Web. 14 September 2015.
Effects of Globalization on Culture:
Cultural Diffusion:
Exchange of ideas between cultures
How? Trade - Warfare/Conquest - Internet
Example: baseball in Japan
Cultural Assimilation:Integrating elements of one culture into another
(absorbing into a new culture)
assimilation - when one ethnic group absorbs another, so that the cultural traits of the assimilated group become indistinguishable.
diffusion - the spread of a cultural pattern from one culture to another, and where no directed change agent is apparent.
http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/anth370/gloss.html
http://www.englisharticles.info/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Globalization-and-Africa.jpeg
What’s your culture?Everyone has a culture. It shapes how we
see the world, ourselves, and others.
1. How does my culture shape me?
2. How does culture shape the way we see ourselves, others, and the world?
3. Why is it important to understand culture?
4. Write down three specific examples of things that reveal your culture.