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GINTERVIEW:Sir Peter WestmacottBritish Ambassador to the United States
The G8 Publication 20
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The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Contents & Contributors
06 g20g8.com
Publisher:
Chris Atkins
Editor-in-Chief:
Ana C. Rold
Managing Editor:
Chrisella Sagers Herzog
Creative Director:
Christian Gilliham
T: (+44) 7951 722265
WELCOME NOTES:
Publishers Note
By Chris Atkins
Editors Note
By Ana C. Rold
Contributors:
Chrisella Sagers Herzog, Lara McLe
Dr. Richard Rousseau, Juergen Voe
David Schmidt, Dr. Christian Ketels
Bill Frist, M. Rifat Hisarciklioglu,
EF de Lencquesaing, Kris Gopalakris
Kimball Chen, Kris Gopalakrishnan
Eduardo Eurnekian, Tom Cardamo
Steve Keller, Patrick McQuillan,
Calie Hill, Oscar Montealegre,
Jodie Griffin, Dr. Valentina Bartolu
James George Jatras, John Currie,
Gerard Worms, Harold McGraw
& Victor Fung
Publishing Firm:
The CAT Company, Inc.
Chris Atkins, President
Global Advisory Group:
Chris Atkins, Peter Atkins
Jennifer Latchman,
Manuel C. Menendez III
(Chairman & Strategic Advisor)
Keith Foote Nyborg
(United States Ambassador (Ret.)
President of Sales:
Mike Nyborg
Sales Executives:
Ray Baker, Guy Furl, Tony Royle,
Juan Hierro, Amelia de La Cruz,
Don Stauber
Special thanks:Diplomatic Courier for theireditorial direction and strategy
To contact the editorsplease email us at:
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GINTERVIEW: SirPeterWestmacottBritish AmbassadortotheUnited States
The G8 Publication 2013
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GlobalDevelopment: FutureofAgriculture
Northern Ireland: ConflictResolution
Conflict:Balkan Peaceand Prosperity
Features
02 Waters Corporation04 Heifer International07 DSX09 CAT Company Publications
CGcreate_Design & Art Direction11 Imirus15 Diplomatic Courier19 Grand Hotel of Europe22 Susan G Komen23 Westinghouse27 Hinckley Institute of Politics32 Invest Northern Ireland33 Royal Caribbean34 Brand South Africa51 Energy Transportation Group57 Zurich
59 University of Washington68 Villa Hotels73 SIXT Rent a car75 Global South Summit79 ICC G20 Advisory Group81 McGraw Hill Financial82 Verso Paper Corp99 Invest in Turkey100 Ettinger
Advertisers Index
16
1 2
June 2
COVER STORY:
16 / CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE G8 By Chrisella Sagers Herzog
EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW
12 / Sir Peter Westmacott KCMG, LVOInterviewed by Lara McLeod
Global Development:
36 / The Future of AgricultureBy Juergen Voegele
38 / To Feed the Future, We Need a Feast of Facts, and a Famine of Fear
By David Schmidt
40 / All Hands on DeckBy Dr. Christian Ketels
42 / The Future of Healthcare is Personalized Medicine
By Bill Frist
ICC G20 Advisory Group looks at G20 agenda:
44 / Towards a more inclusive G20 Agenda
By M. Rifat Hisarciklioglu
46 / B20: How to contribute to Responsible Finance?By EF de Lencquesaing
48 / ICT for a Better Tomorrow
By Kris Gopalakrishnan
50 / Energy Access and World ProsperityBy By Kimball Chen
52 / Making More with LessBy Kris Gopalakrishnan
54 / Growth and Infrastructure in Latin America
By Eduardo Eurnekian
Global Finance:
56 / Assessing David Camerons G8 Agenda on Tax and TransparencyBy Tom Cardamone
60 / What Threat Do The Monetary Policies of
Developed Nations Pose to Emerging Economies?
By Dr. Richard Rousseau
62 / Too-Big-To-Fail Syndrome
By Kris Gopalakrishnan
64 / The European Unions: Cycles of HistoryBy Steve Keller
66 / Debt and Instability: The High Costs of Secession in the Eurozone
By Patrick McQuillan
International Trade:
70 / Challenges of Tomorrow: What the Future Holds for the WTOBy Calie Hill
72 / WTO in the 21st Century?By Dr. Richard Rousseau
76 / Breaking BRICS
By Oscar Montealegre
78 / The Costs of Copyright in the TPPBy Jodie Griffin
Conflict Resolution:
90 / The spectre of terrorism and the Islamist Challenge in North AfricaBy Dr. Valentina Bartolucci
92 / Balkan Peace and Prosperity
By James George Jatras
94 / Northern Ireland: On the Brink of a Dangerous Marching SeasonBy John Currie
03 / Waters Corporation20 / Lough Erne Resort24 / Bombardier
28 / Intel30 / Northern Ireland80 / McGraw Hill Financial96 / Turkey Investment Board
Sponsored Features:
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The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Publishers Note
08 g20g8.com
Distinguished Guests
I would like to take this opportunity to thank all those involved fortheir dedication in helping produce the 17th G8 summit publication.
The CAT Company is the only enduring publishing company in the field,having published a G8 summit publication for 17 consecutive years continuingthe tradition and continuing to get great recognition as the Summits foremostpublisher.
The CAT Company is always improving the reach of the publication and its
contents and we are very happy to partner with Imirus, the leading e-booktechnology company. Readers can now download this publication on theirmobile devices on the Apple newsstand or the Android Google Play store.
We look forward to a very positive summit and we hope there will be somegreat outcomes in which the worlds leaders can improve all aspects thatare on the agenda today.
We wish the United Kingdom great success in hosting this years G8 Summit
Christopher AtkinsPublisher and Founder
Cat Company, Inc.
THE CAT COMPANY IS ALWAYS IMPROVINGTHE REACH OF THE PUBLICATION AND ITSCONTENTS AND WE ARE VERY HAPPY TO
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The CAT Company Inc. Contact: Chris Atkins on 1-801-783-5120 [email protected]
The CAT company is
the proud publisher
of the G8 Summit
publication and the
official G20 Summit
publication for the
international Chambeof Commerce G20
Advisory Group.
G8
THOUGHTLEADERSHIPN
orth
ernIrelan
dUnite
dKin
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Jun
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The G8 Publication 2013
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Global Development:Future of Agriculture
Northern Ireland:Conflict Resolution
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tP
etersb
urgR
ussia
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e2
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01
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TheOfficialICCG20AdvisoryGroupPublication
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Editors Note
10 theapecceosummit.com
Ana C. Rold
Editor-in-Chief
A Year of Transparency
For the past 17 years the producers of the publication you hold in your handshave sought to bring the leaders of the Group of Eight (G8) authoritativeopinions on policy as they relate to the most important items of the G8 AgendWe are thrilled once again to have produced a keepsake publication thatcommemorates the host governments agenda for the G8 this year and bringstop-level analysis to leaders at the Summit and around the world. As always,the articles and opinions in this 17th edition of the G8 Summit magazine
are penned by leaders for the leaders.Earlier this year, at the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum in
Davos, Switzerland, Prime Minister David Cameronthe host of the G8 thisyearset out a bold agenda for the worlds leaders. Leading the agenda weretrade, tax compliance, and transparency, indicators that will drive lasting globaprosperity in the years to come. We have added to this list agenda items thathave featured large (and continue to do so) in prior G8 summits. They includcrucial to global prosperity topics such as innovation, food security, and confliresolution. We are also particularly honored to feature an exclusive interviewwith His Excellency, Sir Peter Westmacott KCMG, LVO, the British Ambassadorto the United States.
Below are the agenda items Prime Minister David Cameron discussed at DavTrade.First were going to push for more openness on tradein the
European Union were about to embark on our biggest ever programme of freetrade agreement negotiations and of course theres the beginning of negotiatioon an EU-U.S. trade deal A deal between us could add over fifty billionpounds to the EU economy aloneand create over two million jobs acrossthe European Union.
Tax.We want to use the G8 to drive a more serious debate on tax evasionand tax avoidance. This is an issue whose time has come. After years of abusepeople across the planet are rightly calling for more action and most importanthere is gathering political will to actually do something about it.
Transparency.I want this G8 to lead a big push for transparency across thedeveloping world. So were going to push for more transparency on who ownscompanies, on whos buying up land and for what purpose. We can be thegeneration that eradicates absolute poverty in our world but well only achievethat if we break the vicious cycle and treat the causes of poverty and not justits symptoms.
We have assembled a unique set of answers to these challenges in these pagand we hope you will enjoy another world-class publication put together by aworld-class team of international editors and writers.
Thank you for reading.
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The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Interview/ Sir, Peter Westmacott KCMG, LVO, British Ambassador to the United States
12 g20g8.com
Interview by:Lara McLeod, Diplomatic Courier Correspondent
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THOUGHT LEADERSH
SIR PETER WESTMACOTT, KCMG, LVObecame British Ambassador to the United
States in January 2012. This is his second posting in Washington, having previously
served as the British Embassys Counsellor for Political and Public Affairs in the
mid-1990s.
Prior to his service as ambassador to the United States, Peter served as the British
Ambassador to Francefrom 2007 to 2011and as Ambassador to Turkey starting in 2002.
Peters forty-year career in the British Diplomatic Service has included postings in Tehran
and Brussels, time as the Foreign and Commonwealth Offices Director for the Americas, an
a seat on the board of the Foreign Office as Deputy Under Secretary. In addition, he served
as Deputy Private Secretary to His Royal Highness The Prince of Wales from 1990 to 1993.
Peters personal connection to the United States extends back even further than his
diplomatic posting. In 1942, his father was a sailor on the HMS Illustrious as it underwent
repairs in Norfolk, Virginia to recover from damage inflicted during fighting at Malta.
As David Cameron has said, too many summits these
days are about mile-long motorcades, entourages and
meaningless pledges, not concrete action. This will
not be that kind of summit.
DC:The overarching themes for this G8
summit are trade, taxes, and transparency.
Out of the three, do you see one theme
taking precedence?
PW:What unites the three Ts is that theyre
all about restoring longer-term prosperity to
the world economy. Free trade is essential
to unlocking pent-up potential for growth.
Addressing tax evasion, as well as being the
right thing to do, could bring billions of
Interview with
Sir Peter Westmacott
dollars back into the public purse and red
the need for higher taxes. And transparen
as David Cameron has noted, is one of th
fundamental conditions for sustained grow
in any economy, whether advanced or
developing. So rather than three separate
issues, the three Ts actually form a single,
coherent package.
DC:In terms of trade talk at the G8,
there seems to be a trend toward trade
liberalization and free-trade agreements.
What do you see this doing for the G8community, and how will this help G8
economies?
PW:I am delighted to see the progress all
G8 countries are making on free trade. Th
Obama Administration is making strides
toward a Trans-Pacific Partnership with it
Asian allies. The EU, whose four biggest
economies are G8 members, is now
negotiating around eleven free trade
agreements, including with two other G8
members, Canada and Japan. Following
Russias accession in August last year,
ADDRESSING TAXEVASION, AS WELLAS BEING THE RIGHTTHING TO DO, COULD
BRING BILLIONS OFDOLLARS BACK INTOTHE PUBLIC PURSE
AND REDUCE THE NEEDFOR HIGHER TAXES.
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this will be the first G8 Summit where all
eight member countries are also members
of the WTO.
The biggest prize of all in free trade will
be the Transatlantic Trade and Investment
Partnership (TTIP) between the EU and theU.S., which we hope to start negotiating
in the summer. GDP gains from bringing
together the worlds two biggest economies
could be in the hundreds of billions,
putting us back on the road to growth
and employment and sending a powerful
signal about our leadership on trade.
DC:In terms of taxes and the strengthening
of international tax standards, do you see the
main focus being within the G8 community, or
will the focus be towards improving developing
countries ability to collect due tax?
PW:No one countryor even eight countriescan effectively tackle tax evasion and
avoidance. At the G8 we hope to make
progress on agreeing on or to for information
sharing, so that we can track the flow of
money into offshore accounts.
But the G8 should also help developing
countries to improve their systems and tackle
abuses so that all governmentsno matter
their size or sophisticationcan collect the
taxes they are due. For example, for years the
UK has worked with Ethiopian authorities to
help them establish better tax collection, and
in less than a decade, the amount of tax
collected has increased seven-fold.
DC:In terms of transparency, how do you
think that the G8 summit will reach its goal?
What terms should be in place to assure this
sort of transparency internationally?
PW:Transparency means giving citizens the
information they need to hold governments
and others to account for their actions. Its
only right that the G8 countries, as some of
the most advanced and powerful nations
in the world, should take the lead. So, for
example, we will push our G8 partners to
introduce rules compelling their energy and
mining firms to publish what they pay togovernment officials.
Governments should also walk the walk, of
course, by making their own data public. So
one of the things the G8 leaders will discuss
is an Open Data Charter containing standards
for publication to ensure that government
information is properly formatted for
peoples computers, accessible to everybody,
comparable between countries, and so on.
Too often, the proceeds of shady dealings
around the world end up being laundered
through financial institutions in G8 countries.
This is unacceptable. So we will work to
establish mechanisms to track these flows
of illegal money and put a stop to them.
DC:Do you see transparency and food
security being linked in this G8 Summit?
PW:Yes. Our efforts to make public more
details of our aid projects, including of course
those on food security, will encourage more
effective spending by allowing taxpayers and
recipients to hold us to account. Also under
the transparency rubric, we will work with
developing countries to publish importantinformation about the way companies and
governments manage one of the most
precious resources of allthe land.
This should have a direct impact on
food security because it will encourage
the most efficient use.
On food security more generally, we are
looking forward to strengthening the New
Alliance, an anti-poverty project established
at last years G8 thanks to strong American
leadership. Food security and nutrition is an
important focus for the Alliance, which aims
to bring 50 million people out of poverty.
Fundamentally, of course, all of our effor
to encourage development should improve
food security by helping developing countr
to grow their economies.
DC:The statement regarding the Lough Er
2013 is that we will return the G8 to its
roots... one table and one conversation, wi
G8 leaders holding each other to account.
Can you shed some light on what exactly y
think the meaning and outcome of getting
the G8 back to its roots will be?
PW:As David Cameron has said, too many
summits these days are about mile-long
motorcades, entourages, and meaningless
pledges, not concrete action. This will not
that kind of summit. Bells and whistles wil
be kept to a minimum. Leaders will speak
each other directly and frankly in order tohammer out meaningful commitments
on the major issues.
The relatively secluded setting of Lough
Erne in Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, has
been specifically chosen to create the right
environment for this.
DC:There has reportedly been criticism for
the UKs decision to hold the G8 Summit in
Northern Ireland. What is your take on the
location, and the fact that the summit will
coincide with loyalists protest campaigns?
PW:Over the past 15 years, Northern
Ireland has emerged from sectarian conflic
to become one of the most exciting places Europe to trade, invest, visit, and study. Th
choice of Enniskillen to host the Summit is
a tribute to that transformation and an
opportunity for Northern Ireland to show t
world how far it has come (and the stunni
beauty of it landscape). Of course, there ar
always protests at G8 summits, wherever t
are held. As long as they are peaceful, we
respect and will protect the right to protest
DC:Since the development of the G20, man
have wondered whether or not the G8 sum
hold significant power. What is your take
on this?PW:Of course, the G20 is now the premier
forum for global economic cooperation.
But the G8 has an important, broader role.
Remember that G8 members together
represent half of global GDP, nearly two th
of worldwide defence spending, and almos
70 percent of international aid spending. It
remains a very powerful grouping, capable
of addressing the broadest range of econom
security, and development issues in a
small, intimate and, consequently,
powerful setting.
14 g20g8.com
The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Interview/ Sir, Peter Westmacott KCMG, LVO, British Ambassador to the United States
OVER THE PAST
15 YEARS, NORTHERNIRELAND HAS EMERGEDFROM SECTARIANCONFLICT TO BECOMEONE OF THE MOST
EXCITING PLACES INEUROPE TO TRADE,INVEST, VISITAND STUDY
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DIGITAL NEWSSTANDread theDIPLOMATICCOURIER
on iPad, iPhone, &Android
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The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Cover Story/Financial Transparency Reform
Cover Story by:Chrisella Sagers Herzog, Managing Editor
16 g20g8.com
G8 leaders can keep the momentumofglobal financial reform rolling.
AFTER LIBORAND ICAP,WHATS NEXTFOR FINANCIALTRANSPARENCYREFORM?
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THOUGHT LEADERSH
IN APRIL 2013, it was announce
that the Commodities Future
Trading Commission (CFTC) isinvestigating Wall Street banks a
the London-based firm ICAP, the
worlds largest broker of interest
rate swaps, for what has been
called the twin brother to the
LIBOR interest rate-fixing scandal of 2012
Matt Taibbi ofRolling Stonedetailed how
up to 15 megabanks, including Bank of
America, JP Morgan Chase, Barclays, UBS
and the Royal Bank of Scotland may have
been colluding with a small group of brok
at ICAP to manipulate the ISDAfix numbe
used to calculate the prices of interest rate
swaps used for debt-management by bigcities, sovereign governments, and major
corporations. Perhaps, as a U.S. federal
judge said in his ruling dismissing a class
action lawsuit against the banks for
LIBOR-related offenses, it was our own
fault for thinking banks were in a
competitive market.
What would come of such an investigatio
So far only Iceland has been willing to
prosecute bankers for their misdeeds, whi
much of the U.S. and EU are still operatin
under the mindset of too big to fail. Bot
the SEC and the Department of Justice are
notoriously revolving doors between Wall
Street and government oversight. Fewpoliticians, particularly in the U.S., have
demonstrated the political willpower
SO FAR ONLYICELAND HAS
BEEN WILLING
TO PROSECUTE
BANKERS
FOR THEIR
MISDEEDS.
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The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Cover Story/Financial Transparency Reform
necessary for making painful, long-term
reforms to regulation systemsnot when
the short-term consequences, including a
drop in campaign donations, would hitbefore any perceived benefits, and before
the next election cycle.
Yet at the same time, these issues are
deeply harming our global potential for
economic growth. Sovereign insolvency and
fiscal instability is increasingly scaring off
investment as well as innovation. Consumer
confidence, still battered from the 2008 crisis
and lingering high unemployment, is only
further discouraged by reports of bank
misbehavior.
So what can be done to improve global
financial transparency? The International
Monetary Fund has developed the Code ofGood Practices on Transparency in Monetary
and Financial Policies in cooperation with
the Bank for International Settlements, as
guidelines for best practices in financial
transparency. Originally laid out in 1999,
the Code warrants a reexamination in thewake of the cascading series of scandals
since the 2008 financial crisis, as it advocates
for public and open commitment to
accountability.
First, the Code calls for a clarity of
roles, responsibilities, and objectives. The
relationship between financial institutions
and oversight agencies must be clearly
defined, publicly disclosed, and written
into law. No longer can there be a revolving
door between the big banks, sovereign
governments, and the law firms that both
represent the banks and provide pools of
candidates for political appointees. A clearset of boundaries would prevent conflict of
interests, such as the assistant U.S. Attorney
General declining to prosecute anyone over
the LIBOR scandal because, Our goal here
not to destroy a major financial institution.
Second, the Code calls for an open
process for formulating and reporting polic
decisions. Banks have to be transparent intheir processes and decision-making.
Nowhere has this been more clearly
demonstrated than in the LIBOR scandal,
during which traders would ask the LIBOR
submitters to fudge numbers in exchange
token favors like day-old sushi or a bottle o
champagne; or the ICAP scandal, in which
traders would delay the reporting of numbe
in order to get trades in before they go pub
(In the stock market, this is called insider
trading, and those convicted of doing it are
subject to jail time.) It clearly results in a
great deal of profit for not only the banks b
also for those in charge of the trades; it is nwonder that Bloomberg reports the interest ra
swap desk became known as Treasure Islan
Third, the Code calls for the public
availability of information on policies.
With trillions of dollars floating around,
as it currently stands, it is a system ripe
for manipulation. The European Federation
of Financial Services Users wrote in the
summer of 2012 that, In general, those
markets which are based on non-attested,
voluntary submission of data from agents
whose benefits depend on such benchmark
are especially vulnerable of market abuse a
distortion. If these numbers were reported
real time, as they are in the New York StocExchange, would be one step toward closin
these vulnerabilities and creating a more
transparent system.
Finally, the Code calls for accountability
and assurances of integrity. Trust in
corporate leadership, particularly banks, is
at an all time low. It is not enough to simp
implement reforms and regulation; leaders
from both the public and private sectors m
actively communicate progress to the
public. Most importantly, there must be
demonstrable progress, and leaders must
be responsible to public opinion.
As world leaders gather, it is moreimportant than ever that they take the
suggestions for reform of the financial
system toward further transparency serious
The global economy has begun to recover,
but the growth so far has not seemed to be
sustainable, particularly with scandals such
as these. Reform is needed now, more than
ever before. Guidelines exist for this to
happen, and it is now time for tangible res
from these suggestions to come to fruition.
G8 leaders can keep the momentum of
global financial reform rolling.
18 g20g8.com
SOVEREIGN INSOLVENCY AND
FISCAL INSTABILITY IS INCREASINGLY
SCARING OFF INVESTMENT AS WELL
AS INNOVATION.
Biography
Chrisella Sagers Herzogis the
Managing Editor of the Diplomatic
Courier magazine. S he writes on issues
ranging from technology developments
to global economic security, and she
is the author of a forthcoming book on
Iranian politics.
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Choose from St Petersburg's largest selection of Beluga, Oseitra and Salmon caviar dis
Experience the finest authentic Russian cuisine in art noveau surroundings at Russia's most historic hotel.
Open from 17:00 until 23:00 every day.
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The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Advertorial/Lough Erne
20 g20g8.com
G
LORIOUS LOUGH ERNE RESORT
has one of the most luxurious
destination hotels in Northern Ireland
with excellent food from Executive
Chef Noel McMeel in the award-winningCatalina restaurant, cosy bars, restorative pool,
and Thai Spa complete with an expert team of
Thai therapists who use divine Ytsara products
and traditional Thai techniques. An ideal base
for touring the nearby lakes and local area,
Lough Erne Resort also features a magnificent
game of golf on its truly exceptional
inland course.
Winner of Hotel of the Year at the 2011
Northern Ireland Tourism Awards and venue
for this years G8 Summit, Lough Erne Resort
is a 5 star resort with a spectacular setting on
Lough Erne ResortLovely lakeside luxury in Fermanagh
a private 600-acre peninsula between Lower
Lough Erne & Castle Hume Lough. A beautifully
tranquil setting at any time of year, the Nick
Faldo-designed course at Lough Erne Resort
with its links-like fairways, dramatic scenery,and superb all-round playing conditions have
made it a Top 10 Course in Golfweeks Best
Great Britain & Ireland course rankings.
Just minutes away from Enniskillen town
and 90 minutes from Belfast and Dublin, and
with an emphasis on five star luxury and
comfort, the Resorts 120 deluxe rooms & suites
have panoramic views over Castle Hume Lough
and The Faldo Championship Golf Course.
From traditional afternoon tea in the Garden
Hall to choosing a whiskey from the selection
of 101 varieties in the Blaney Bar, a delicious
slow roast belly of pork with seared Irish
scallops, black bacon & Armagh apple puree
in the Loughside Bar & Grill, or the pleasure
of Chef McMeels full tasting menu in Catali
Restaurant, Lough Erne Resort is a feast forthe senses, and a showcase for the finest
local and artisan producers.
Another feast for the senses and one of
the most indulgent aspects at Lough Erne
Resort is the Thai Spa, the only wholly Thai
spa experience in Ireland and the UK, wher
an array of specialist Thai treatments are
provided by therapists who originate from
and are expertly trained in Thailand. Along
with the indoor infinity pool and thermal
suite, the relaxing surroundings of the
Thai Spa provide the perfect backdrop
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THOUGHT LEADERSH
to some dedicated pampering.
There are wonderful walks throughout the
grounds, along with countless activities on site
and nearby, including the Golf Academy for
the keen golfers, themed gourmet diningevenings or cookery demonstrations from the
Resorts award-winning chef Noel McMeel,
casting lessons and fishing for pike with a
resident game angling instructor, sailing,
canoeing, mountain biking, pony trekking,
walking, exploring the local historic towns and
sites (Belleek Pottery, Boa Island, Inish Rath
Island, National Trust properties), cultural &
heritage tours with local historian and
genealogist John Cunningham, seaplane or
helicopter tours of the surrounding area, and
the Irish Whiskey Tasting experience in
association with Bushmills.
With somewhere golfer Rory McIlroy
endorsing it as a great place to play and a
great place to stay, Lough Erne is looking
forward to welcoming a particularly prestigiousgroup of guests this summer, when world leaders
congregate at the Resort for the G8 Summit.
At Lough Erne Resort we are looking
forward to offering our guests at the G8, as
with all our guests, our 5 star service, says
the Resorts General Manager Ferghal Purcell.
We are more than proud to have our beautiful
resort selected as the venue and the backdrop
for this prestigious meeting. We look forward
to giving the delegates, the guests, and the
worlds media a true Northern Ireland
welcome.
Information
Lough Erne Resort, Belleek Road,
Enniskillen, Fermanagh, BT93 7ED
Tel:+44 (0)28 6632 3230
www.lougherneresort.com
WINNER OFHOTEL OF THE YEAR
ATTHE 2011 NORTHERN
IRELAND TOURISM
AWARDS AND VENUE
FOR THIS YEARS
G8 SUMMIT.
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Help cure breast cancerand save womens lives.
Visit komen.org
With the help of locally funded grants from Susan G. Komen , Alantheia, Sonia and Marian received suppthat helped each woman afford her screenings and surgeries. Komen also connected Bridget to a cancercenter where she found a doctor who actually believes she has a fighting chance. Theyre all real women,leading real lives and surviving a very real disease: breast cancer. But none of them can do it alone. Andthankfully, none of them have tobecause Komen is standing with them, too.
We each have or have had breast cancer.
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Westinghouse AP1000plant under construction in Haiyang, China
NO COMPANY
MORE
ON ADVANCED
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NUCLEAR PLANT
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The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Advertorial/Bombardier
24g20g8.com
By:Michael Ryan CBE, Vice-President and General Manager, Bombardier Aerospace
The CSeries aircraft advanced composite wing being assembled in Bombardier Belfasts new wing facil ity.
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THOUGHT LEADERSH
Making
investmentwork forNorthern
Ireland
THE COMING OF THE G8to Northern
Ireland is a great boost for our
economy and a wonderful recognition
of the progress made politically and
economically over the past 15 years.It is a huge
opportunity for world leaders to witness the
wealth of ingenuity of our people which has
attracted many companies to set up here, seethe potential for further investment, and
experience our great tourism offering.
Although Northern Ireland is smallwith
a population of just 1.8m and a land mass of
under 5,500 sq mileswe regularly punch
above our weight on the global stage. There is
an innate desire to innovate that has projected
many of our citizens and businesses to
world renown.
We are proud to be home to a host of
world-class companies that are leading the way
in their fields, and I am particularly proud that
Bombardier is among those companies. As the
largest manufacturing employer in Northern
Irelandwith over 5,000 employeeswe provide
some 10% of its manufacturing exports and
support a supply base of several hundred UK
WE ARE PROUD TO BE HOME TO A HOST
OF WORLDCLASS COMPANIES THAT ARE
LEADING THE WAY IN THEIR FIELDS AND I AM
PARTICULARLY PROUD THAT BOMBARDIER IS
AMONG THOSE COMPANIES.
companies. We have a strong track record
investing here, amounting to over 2.1 bn
since Bombardier acquired Short Brothers
worlds oldest aircraft manufacturerin 19
This is helping to ensure we remain at the
leading edge of aerospace technology. As a
integral part of Bombardier Aerospace, the
third largest global civil aircraft maker, weare a centre of excellence for the design,
manufacture, and support of large aircraft
structures, including fuselages, wings, and
engine nacelles in metal and advanced
composites.
Our history of innovation remains stron
and today we are investing 520 million in
Belfast, including a new 600,000 sq ft facto
to make composite wings using a unique
composite technology developed by our
engineers here for Bombardiers latest
commercial aircraft, the CSeries.
However, our responsibilities as a comp
go far beyond our duty to make profits.
Whitney Young Junior, the American civil
rights leader, said that the hardest work
in the world is being out of work.
Michael Ryan, Vice-President and General Manager
Bombardier Aerospace, Belfast.
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I wholeheartedly agree, and that is why we
have worked in partnership with Business in
the Community for over ten years to tackle
long-term unemployment in Belfast. This has
been particularly important as Northern
Ireland has emerged from decades of civil
unrest. I have seen at first-hand how, as the
term of unemployment increases, peoples
work opportunities reduce and they, in turn,
reduce their efforts to seek work and can
become excluded from the labour market and
society. Often this is complicated by the
challenges of single parenthood, or low
educational attainment, or lack of opportunity.This has led to certain communities in Belfast
experiencing increased poverty and deprivation,
and it becomes a dangerous spiral that can
quickly get out of control if not addressed.
Areas of high unemployment can have a
detrimental impact on Northern Irelands
competitiveness, and on the decisions by
companies to invest. You have to tackle
economic regeneration head on, and the private
sector has a key part to play in this. Human,
physical and financial capital all have
to be mobilised and harnessed to very
clear objectives. People have to be equipped
to take up the jobs that are available, and
job deficiencies need to be remedied.
Entrepreneurship within an area has to
be cultivated, but investment from
outside is also vital.
My company and many others have been
willing to actively use their knowledge and
networks to make a positive impact on
addressing long-term unemployment within
local communities. Thats why, when the
Government convened Task Forces in the
West Belfast and Greater Shankill areas of
Belfast in 2001 to examine the high levelsof poverty and deprivation in those areas,
Bombardier got involved. In 2003, we
established an Employers Forum, which
we sponsored and led, and joined forces
with Business in the Community to address
long-term unemployment in conjunction with
training, community, and statutory bodies.
But it was the presence of employers, and
the commitment of their representatives,
which provided the real impetus.
During the past ten years of my
Chairmanship of the Employers Forum,
we have helped close to 1,400 long-term
unemployed people get into work,
engaging some 50 employers and focusing
specifically on sectors such as engineering/
manufacturing; health; construction; call
centres; retail and utilities.
Our success in addressing this most vital
of issues in the most disadvantaged areas ofBelfast led to the extension of the Employers
Forums remit to take on a citywide focus
earlier this year, with funding and support
from Belfast City Council and the Northern
Ireland Department for Employment and
Learning.
I am immensely proud to be leading an
initiative that is changing lives for the better
giving people opportunities, and providing
a valuable employment pipeline into my
own business through an apprenticeship
programme and a basic engineering skills
training course that have delivered some of
most committed employees. We have shownthat business can support the unemployed,
especially those furthest removed from the
world of work, to build the skills and
confidence they need to gain and sustain
employment. We have still much work to do
extending the reach of the Forum, and I inv
other employers to join us in our efforts. In
societies such as ours, which have gone
through political and social upheaval, it
behoves everyone to drive for the economic
and community regeneration that is
fundamental to a successful future.
26 g20g8.com
The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Advertorial/Bombardier
Launching the Citywide Employers Forum in 2013 are, LR: Michael Ryan, Chair, Employers Forum; Dr Stephen Farry,
Minister for Employment & Learning; Gavin Robinson, Lord Mayor of Belfast; Kevin Anthony Lagan, Lagan Group
and Deirdre Timoney, Business in the Community.
MY COMPANY AND MANY OTHERS HAVE BEENWILLING TO ACTIVELY USE THEIR KNOWLEDGE
AND NETWORKS TO MAKE A POSITIVE IMPACT
ON ADDRESSING LONGTERM UNEMPLOYMENT
WITHIN LOCAL COMMUNITIES.
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The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Sponsored Feature/ Intel
Technology has improved the lives of so many
people on our planetfrom quality education and
health care to energy and water conservation and
management. Policy that enables the internet to
reach people around the globe has been at the
forefront of advancing these and countless other
beneits of technology.A decade ago, Intel created the mobile
computing category with its large investments in a
wireless infrastructure and its Pentium M
processors paired with Wi-Fi connectivity through
the companys Centrino mobile technology. The
result has been a wireless computing revolution,
with almost ubiquitous availability of Wi-Fi
connectivity and the creation of new mobility
solutions built for low energy consumption and
high performance.
Today, our computing platforms supporting the
digital economy are used in a wide range of
applications, such as PCs (including Ultrabook,
detachable, and convertible systems), servers,
tablets, smartphones, automobiles, automated
factory systems and medical devices. We also
develop software and services primarily focused
on security and technology integration.
Enhancing Productivity and
Innovation in All Economic Sectors
The use of information and communication
technology (ICT) products and services can
dramatically enhance productivity and innovation
in many industrial sectors. Governments should
work to remove trade barriers that prevent people
from obtaining the best ICT products at the lowest
cost possible. For example, expanding the WTO
Information Technology Agreement (ITA) so that it
covers new ICT products developed since the ITA
became effective in 1997 could remove tariffs on
Improving lives, communities and
economies through technology
an additional $800 billion in global two-way ICT
trade a 20 percent increase over the $4 trillio
annual trade under existing ITA product covera
Inspiring the Next Generation
through Education Transformation
The rising generations success in todays
innovation economy depends on access to a
quality education, which is more easily achieve
by the use of technology. Technology enables
unprecedented opportunity to advance stude
achievement. Intel brings the expertise,
technology and a robust ecosystem that canprovide the foundation for educators and
governments to transform education. Powerfu
and energy-eicient Intel-based PCs and serve
combined with software and fast internet acce
help students acquire 21st century skills and he
educators teach more effectively. Through the
Intel World Ahead Program, Intel has worked w
more than 70 countries on programs aimed at
making technology more available, affordable a
understandable to irst -time users. Intel-funded
purchase programs enable governments to
provide computers at a more affordable price,
At Intel, we strive to make the best silicon and technology products in the world, and through
their application, to create a better future for all. We believe that technology plays a fundamental
role in inding solutions to the worlds great challenges. We know that embedding corporate
responsibility and sustainability into our vision and strategy helps us make better, more secure
products and create value for Intel, our customers and society.
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THOUGHT LEADERSH
allowing thousands of teachers and students
access for the irst time.
Intel also works with telecommunications
providers to connect millions of people to the
internet with high-speed wireless technologies.
Government policies that encourage the
deployment of wireless and wired broadband
services play a signiicant role in supporting
student and teacher development worldwide.
Driving Innovation across Healthcare
Effective use of ICT products and services in
healthcare saves lives. Technology improvesaccess and quality of care, reduces costs and
improves satisfaction among both patients and
providers. Intel is making great progress,
collaborating with healthcare providers, other
companies and policymakers on innovative new
products and solutions aimed at improving global
access to quality, affordable healthcare. The
Citizen Telecare Service System (CTCS) used in
Chinese Taipei, where 600,000 seniors with
chronic conditions are remotely monitored
through technology to help them reduce their
blood pressure, showed a signiicant decrease
blood pressure and helped them maintain healthy
levels. CTCS uses biometric measurement,
hypertension risk assessment, video
communication, education programs, and other
tools to change the behavior of high-risk seniors
so they maintain their wellness.
The technological tools that improve care
delivery continue to advance at a steady rate. But
in most countries, the development and
implementation of policies to govern the use of
these technologies in healthcare lags behind. It is
more often policy barriers, rather than
technological barriers, that stand in the way ofgreater progress in e-Health. Interoperability
standards among data systems and between
technologies will help reduce these barriers, while
assuring privacy and security of online health data.
Closing the Digital Divide
Policies that expand the allocation of universal
service/access funds to include broadband
internet access, especially in remote regions where
broadband has previously been cost-prohibitive,
are key to bridging the digital divide. In India,
Intel contributed to the creation of the National
Digital Literacy Mission, which seeks to prolife
digital literacy across the country. As a result, t
Indian government announced an ambitious
information technology (IT) policy mandating
one citizen per household be digitally literate
2020. The success of this program depends n
only on the availability of cutting edge produc
available at the lowest cost possible, but also o
widespread broadband penetration.
We have an ambitious vision for the next
decade: Create and extend computing
technology to connect and enrich the lives of
every person on earth. Policy makers aroundworld are in a unique position to facilitate
innovation and affect change by allowing bro
dissemination of ICT goods and ICT-enabled
services.
KEY LINKS:
Intel Policy Web Site:http://www.intel.com/
about/companyinfo/policy/index.htm
Intel Policy Blog: http://blogs.intel.com/policy
Corporate Responsibility at Intel Web Site:
www.intel.com/go/responsibility
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As well as being one of the constituent parts
of the United Kingdom, Northern Ireland has
its own locally-elected government. This
administration is committed to growing the
economy through advancing entrepreneurship
and innovation as well as developing exports
and promoting foreign direct investment.
Invest Northern Ireland is the economicdevelopment agency for the region. In addition
to encouraging foreign direct investment, our
remit includes encouraging and supporting
indigenous start-ups, helping businesses to
develop export markets and ensuring they
have the capability and capacity to compete
on the world stage.
Education
One of Northern Irelands key assets is its
people, and ensuring a well educated workforce
is a key part of the governments plans: From a
primary system that has achieved some of the
worlds best results in maths and language
education through secondary level education
that regularly produces students whose exam
results outshine other UK regions. This quality
school education is continued at tertiary level.
Northern Ireland has two world-class
universities; Queens University Belfast (QUB),which is a member of the prestigious Russell
Group of 24 leading UK research intensive
universities and; the University of Ulster
(UU),which has four campuses across the region
and caters for almost 27,000 students. UU
includes one of the largest provisions in
computing in the UK and Ireland. In addition
to the universities, Northern Ireland has a
network of regional colleges providing
professional and technical programmes
to around 155,000 students.
The universities are both are recognised as
30 g20g8.com
The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Sponsored Feature/ Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
Inspiring Place/Leading Business
research-focused and industry-linked, and
Northern Irelands academia is not in an ivory
tower. In Northern Ireland there is a focus on
developing high levels of collaboration betw
industry, academia, and government to ensu
that investors have immediate access to the
tools they need to establish and grow a
successful business in the region. We have
fostered innovative skills development, R&D,
entrepreneurship programmes, and our goa
to ensure that no matter how many geograp
footprints a company has, their Northern Ire
centre is among the highest performing.Far-sighted investment to create the world
most advanced science parks, research cent
of excellence, and technology incubators ha
encouraged the development of clusters in I
inancial services, aerospace, life sciences,
agri-food, and renewable energy.
This approach has enabled us to different
the solution we offer on the basis of cost,
service quality, productivity and overall ease
doing business. For this reason, despite bein
relatively small location, we have a world-lead
inancial technology cluster that includes inw
NORTHERN IRELAND may be among the smallest regions of the UK and Europe with a
population of under 2 million, but it has a vibrant business scene and is experiencing increasing
success in global markets. At the heart of this success is a workforce which is among the
youngest and best educated in Europe with a strong work ethic.
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investors such as NYSE Technologies, Citi, and
CME as well as indigenous irms like First
Derivatives. We also have a rapidly expanding
legal services cluster bolstered by recent
investments from Allen & Overy, Herbert Smith
and, Axiom.
Northern Irelands location within easy reach
of the European marketplace combined with
superb telecommunications makes it an ideal
near-shore location for businesses. It is hardly
surprising that Northern Ireland has attracted
major projects from investors in ICT, software,
inancial, and knowledge process outsourcingfrom the U.S., Europe, and Japan.
Northern Ireland is a welcoming region where
investors will ind a skilled, well-educated
workforce, a strong infrastructure, and third-level
institutions where the commercial exploitation
of research and development and innovation lie
at the heart of the academic and skills agenda.
These factors make Northern Ireland a
compelling investment proposition.
For more information about doing
business in/with Northern Ireland visit
www.g8NI2013.com
THOUGHT LEADERSH
Did you know:
Cameras designed and manufactured in
Belfast by Andor Technology, a spin-out com-
pany from Queens University, were used by
a team of international astronomers to
discover two new Jupiter-sized planets.
20 percent of all computer read/write heads
are made by Seagate Technology in London-
derry in the UKs largest nanotechnology site.
30 percent of the worlds business class aircraft
seats are made in Kilkeel, County Downby BE Aerospace.
40 percent of worlds mobile crushing and
screening equipment is made in Northern
Ireland.
30 percent of the famous London red buses are
manufactured in Ballymena, County Antrim
by local company Wrightbus.
One in four of the worlds full-scale marine
energy devices have been developed,
tested or manufactured in Northern Ireland.
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All eyes are on Northern Ireland as the worldsleaders arrive for the 2013 G8 summit. But did youknow our high achievers and innovations are also
making their mark on the world?
Its clear from our heritage of enterprise, our
well-educated people and our golfers thatNorthern Ireland delivers.
We have a strong reputation for global trade,integrity and sound business relationships.
International investors including Citi, Fujitsu, SAP,Allen & Overy and Bombardier are already enjoyingthe benefits of doing business here.
We offer an advanced business infrastructure,
competitive operating costs and generousfinancial support.
To learn more about what makes Northern Irelandworld class, visit www.g8ni2013.com
www.g8ni2013.com
world class & world stage
Lough Erne Golf Resort, Fermanagh, Northern Ireland.
Northern Ireland is open for business...ready to take on the world.UK Prime Minister, David Cameron
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A world of potentialin Africa
The world is in a state of great transformation. The balance of economic power is shifting towards developing economies: nations able to hvast untapped resources, cultivate human potential, encourage political stability, and boost business in new and innovative ways. South Africa himportant role to play. As one of the leading economies in Africa, South Africa is ideally placed to navigate the shifting poles of power.
As the bridge between east and west with world-class infrastructure, abundant resources, and leading banking and investment sectors were delAfricas potential to the world.
PublicisJHB10526
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1st Regulation of Security Exchanges1st Strength of Auditing and ReportingStandards1st Efficacy of Corporate Boards1st Legal Rights2nd Soundness of Banks
2nd Availability of Financial Services
3rd Local Equity Market Financing6th Effectiveness of Anti-Monopoly Policy15th Quality of Management Schools15th Quality of Air Transport Infrastructure20th Intellectual Property Protection
*As ranked by the 2012/2013 WEF Global Competitive Index
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The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Global Development/Agriculture
By:Juergen Voegele, Director of Agriculture, The World Bank Group
36g20g8.com
Food security requires ensuring access to sufficient
nutritious food every day to every person, which
goes beyond what agriculture can doon its own.
The Futureof Agriculture
Agriculture must urgently address
three sets of issues:
Reduce the hunger and malnutrition
affecting 870 million people. We must
address the fact that 165 million childrenunder five years of age are stunted, and
number of stunted children is rising in
sub-Saharan Africa, with 52 million
children suffering from wasting, and wit
little improvement globally since 1990. F
most of these children, the damage to the
growth and development is irreversible a
will impact the world for generations.
Provide sustainable solutions to extensiv
rural poverty on a large scale. Three-
quarters of the worlds very poor people
(incomes in 2005, incomes of less than
US$1.25 per day) live in rural areas, and
most get their main livelihoods from farmi
Mitigate 30 percent of the Green-House-G
(GHG) emissions that are leading to wor
that could be hotter by 4 degrees Celsius
(7 degrees Farhenheit).
Producing more food will not solve hung
and malnutrition problems on its own. Foo
security requires ensuring access to suffici
nutritious food every day to every person,
which goes beyond what agriculture can d
on its own. However, failing to produce at
least 60 percent more food by 2050 will
ensure that there will not be enough to goaround, with truly catastrophic effects. An
the way we increase production has a lot t
do with the distribution of its benefits for
food security. So, we also need to worry
about the resilience of production systems
nutritional implications of production
systems, and how to reduce wastage.
For success in both production growth a
ensuring that food gets to those who most
need it, small farmers will have to be a big
part of the solution. Today roughly 83 perc
of the worlds population lives in developin
and emerging countries. And there are
roughly 400-500 million small farmers in th
world, heavily concentrated in developing
countries. Globally, the average farm size
(scale of production) declined from 2.1
hectares in 1980-1985 to 1.9 hectares in
2006-2010, with large regional variations.
Resource depletion is beginning to set in
By 2025, nearly two-thirds of all countries
the world will be water-stressed and 2.4
billion people will face absolute water
scarcity. Since about 70 percent of freshwa
use is for agriculture, such countries will
depend on imports to meet their food need
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THOUGHT LEADERSH
THECLIMATE SMART
AGRICULTUREOF THE FUTURE
REQUIRES THAT WETHINK IN TERMS OF
AN INTEGRATEDAPPROACH TOLANDSCAPES.
Worldwide, about 18 percent of cropland is
irrigated, producing 40 percent of all crops
and 60 percent of all cereals. Large parts of
the world are already living beyond their
water means by supporting agriculture based
on unsustainable use of groundwater. Inaddition, about 25 percent of the worlds
crop land is degraded; a further 35 percent
of present African cropland is likely to be
unsuitable for cultivation by 2100 due to
climate change. And, just between 2000
and 2010, we lost on average 5.2 million
hectares of forest every year.
We also face the prospect of as much
as a 4 degree Celsius-warmer world. If this
happens, food staple production could decline
by 10-15 percent over current levels, rather
than increase as is needed, leading to greatly
expanded hardship, conflict, and even mass
starvation within the span of one lifetime.
So we not only need to increase production
under conditions that are harder than when
the world was responding to a big food crisis
in the 1970s, but we also need to pay specific
attention to how production occurs to
produce the benefits of improved livelihoods
and better nutrition.
Fortunately, agriculture is in a unique
position to help on all these things. Only
agriculture at scale (including forestry) can
take carbon out of the atmosphere. Forests
cover 25-30 percent of the earths land surface
and absorb about 15 percent of the planets
GHG emissions, and crops can potentially
absorb more. In-depth work in 2008 alsoshowed that agricultural growth is very
effective (2 to 4 times more so than other
sectors) at reducing poverty. And agricultural
growth at the smallholder level can be
managed to provide more beneficial
nutritional outcomes. But it takes proactive
investment and policy changes to achieve
these outcomes at scale.
The climate-smart agriculture of the
future requires that we think in terms of
an integrated approach to landscapes. A
landscape approach means taking both a
geographical and socio-economic approach
to managing the land, water, and forest
resources that provide the natural capital for
food security and inclusive green growth.
The World Bank Group is increasingly using
landscape approaches to implement strategies
that integrate management of land, water, and
living resources, and that promote sustainable
use and conservation in an equitable manner.
The precedents for this were a few large-scale
but highly successful projects in what would
now be called emerging countries such as
China, India, and Brazil. Here the landscape
approach combined with strong local
leadership integrated livestock, trees, a range
of crops, and the development of off-farm
rural income opportunities, depending on
the slope of the land and the direction of
the streams, to increase incomes while
conserving the landscape.
But examples are now found in Africa as
well. In Ethiopias Great Rift Valley, the
landscape approach has included establishingforest cooperatives that sustainably manage
and reforest the surrounding land using
Farmer-Managed Natural Forest Regeneration
techniques, thus addressing deforestation that
threatens groundwater reserves that provide
65,000 people with potable water. In Rwanda,
a landscape approach is being scaled-up to a
large area of steep hillsides by providing
infrastructure for land husbandry (for
example, terracing and downstream reservoir
protection), water harvesting and hillside
irrigation. Training is provided for farmers,
farmer organizations are supported, and
marketing and financing activities are
enhanced. As a result, productivity in rainfed
areas has tripled, more land is protected
against soil erosion, and the share of
commercialized agricultural products has
increased. In Western Kenya, some 60,000
farmers on 45,000 hectares of land are now
combating erosion using sustainable land
management practices to enrich degraded
soil. In Niger, new farming systems now
include trees that capture nitrogen.
For a landscape approach to work, we need
secure land tenure rights, so that individual
farmers, especially women, as well as
communities have an incentive to invest i
improved land and water management an
to protect trees and forests. In Indonesia,
example, research by the CGIAR on Fores
Trees and Agroforestry shows that commu
management and village forest permits no
only lessen deforestation and forest
degradation, but also reduce risks forsmallholder farmers and improve the
well-being of forest-dependent communiti
Appropriate pricing regimes are needed
encourage rational use of scarce resources
Regulations backed by strong legitimacy a
the local level are needed to control pollu
run-off or to avoid free-grazing of animals
while appropriate incentives are in place f
private farmers to invest in public good
activities. An environment conducive to
behavioral change is fundamental.
Transparent and accountable institutions
are critical. And if people do not have acc
to information they can understand, they
do not have an incentive to change behav
The ICT revolution is now widely spread,
including in many parts of Africa. This
serves to impart information, provide
interactive information exchange, and
to collect data.
In summary, agriculture is the essentia
sector for reducing poverty, creating shar
prosperity and promoting environmental
sustainability. Together, we can harness
the power of agriculture to meet the
worlds challenges.
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The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Global Development/Food
By:David B. Schmidt, President & CEO, International Food Information Council & Foundation
38 g20g8.com
At every step of the journey from farm to fork, technology
is helping us produce a safe, abundant, sustainable and
nutritious food supply.
To Feed the Future,
We Need a Feast of Facts,and a Famine of Fear
L
ESS THAN THREE decades from n
in 2041, the United Nations estimat
that the population of the world
will reach 9 billion people. Thatsa lot of mouths to feed, to put it mildly.
So how will we do it? How can a world o
limited resources possibly adjust to the foo
and sustenance needs of its people when th
numbers will expand by more than one-
quarter, and in such a relatively short perio
of time? How will we cope with what the
U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization
estimates will be a 60 percent increase in
overall food demand?
The answer is the same as it has always
been: technology. And with nearly 2 billion
additional inhabitants of our planet to be
added just one generation hence, that answ
is more important, and the stakes are highethan ever before.
At every step of the journey from farm to
fork, technology is helping us produce a sa
abundant, sustainable and nutritious food
supply. Precision agriculture, with the aid o
GPS satellites, can target individual crop
treatments to the smallest plots of soil, wh
reduces environmental impacts. Advances
livestock production, from climate control
to the nutritional qualities of feed, have
improved animal health and welfare, and
boosted agricultural output. Refrigeration a
modern packaging technologies increase th
safety of our food, the distance across whic
it can be transported, and its extended
freshness.
Among the most successful and still mor
promising advances is food biotechnology,
which is a range of processes to enhance
foods through various breeding and other
techniques. At its heart, food biotechnolog
the science of employing the tools of mode
genetics to enhance beneficial traits of plan
animals, and their food components.
Food biotechnology can help feed our
growing planet, while also bringing several
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THOUGHT LEADERSH
additional benefits along the way. Not only do
insect-protected and virus-resistant biotech
crop varieties produce hardier plants, leading
to higher yields, but plants are also beingengineered to grow in places where they
would not survive before.
The food itself can be more healthful and
nutritious, as crops with enhanced nutritional
traits make their way to the supermarket.
These foods can help to combat chronic
diseases by providing more healthful
compounds, including higher levels of
antioxidants and vitamins, and lower
amounts of fats we should limit. Scientists
have also begun to target allergy-causing
proteins.
Biotech crops can also aid in protecting the
environment by producing herbicide-tolerant
varieties, thereby decreasing the amount ofpesticides used in farming. Decreasing
pesticide use can have a positive impact
on the health and well-being of wildlife,
decrease farmers exposure to pesticides,
and contribute to a cleaner water supply.
But for any technology to be truly useful,
it must first be adopted. Barriers to adoption
include fear and misperception, both on the
part of users and, ultimately, the consumers
who stand to benefit from technological
progress. Thats why for those who care
about the worlds capacity to feed the future,
communication and education are critical.
Some opponents would synonymize terms
such as biotechnology or genetic
engineering with unnatural. But nothing
could be farther from the truth. Biotechnology
is merely a refinement on processes that
already occur in nature, and a step beyond
traditional methods of crossbreeding that
have been used to genetically enhance
agricultural products for centuries.
At the International Food Information
Council (IFIC), we have learned that
consumers are not predisposed to fear,
and that when they understand food
biotechnology and its benefits, they respond
positively. According to the 2012 IFIC survey
Consumer Perceptions of Food Technology
& Sustainability, respondents, when given abasic definition of food biotechnology, react
favorably by a ratio of almost two to one
(38 percent to 20 percent). By a margin
of 35 percent to 20 percent, they expect
biotechnology will provide benefits for them
or their families within the next five years.
In terms of foods produced through
biotechnology that consumers would be likely
to purchase based on specific attributes:
77 percent would purchase foods that
required fewer pesticide applications;
69 percent would purchase foods with
better nutritional qualities;
71 percent would purchase foods that
provided more healthful fats, such asomega-3 fatty acids; and
68 percent would purchase foods
with less saturated fat.
Feeding the future will rely on technology,
but equally important is a world with access
to accurate, science-based information
about new and emerging technologies.
Thats why just this past April, the IFIC
Foundation released the third edition of F
Biotechnology: A Communicators Guide Increasing Understanding, which is avail
at http://www.foodinsight.org/foodbiogu
aspx. Intended for use by leaders and oth
communicators in the food, agricultural,
nutrition and health communities, the
guide offers the latest science and
consumer-friendly information in a
variety of accessible formats, targeted
to different audiences.
Consumers of both today and tomorrow
need a climate where fact trumps fear, wh
credible information is easily attainable, a
where evidence outweighs emotion. Only
such a climate will be conducive to contin
progress across a whole host of technologthat are vital to sustainably produce the s
possible food supply, in the amounts and
with the nutritional attributes we need,
and in the ways that least impact the
environment.
The 9 billion people who will soon occu
our planet are counting on nothing less.
FOOD
BIOTECHNOLOGYCAN HELP FEEDOUR GROWING
PLANET, WHILE ALSOBRINGING SEVERALADDITIONALBENEFITS ALONGTHE WAY.
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The G20 / G8Publication 2013
Global Development/Prosperity
By: Dr. Christian Ketels, Michael Porters Research Team, Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness Harvard School of Business
40 g20g8.com
Why Future Prosperity
Requires a New Model
of Public-Private
Collaboration.
All
Handson Deck
THE GLOBAL ECONOMYhas had
a number of difficult years, and the
outlook for the near future doesnt
look much better. Most observers
agree that the current quagmire is not just a
protracted but ultimately cyclical challenge.It is a sign that the growth recipes of the
previous decade have either failed or lost
their effectiveness.
In large parts of the OECD, growth
had been fuelled by easy money, driven
by a financial sector unleashed by prior
deregulation and monetary policy that did
not step into the way. This period is now
decisively over. Macroeconomic stabilization
is the focus of today, and is sorely needed to
get economies back into balance. Whether to
achieve this through front-loaded austerity
programs or a more growth-oriented mediu
term policy approach is in itself a complex
and controversial debate. But it is either wa
ultimately a remedy for past ills, not a reci
for future growth.
Many other countries, especially among emerging economies, have benefited from
opening up to globalization, serving marke
abroad and creating new ones at home.
Countries with deposits of natural recourse
have prospered, too, benefiting from the
growth in the global economy. But both n
face at best slowing growth rates. Emerging
economies need a growth strategy that mo
beyond exports based on cheap labor or
increasing capital intensity. And natural
resource exporters need diversification to
overcome the economic and political pitfal
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THOUGHT LEADERSH
of their narrow economic base.
It is easy to identify the need for a new
growth model; the hard part is to describe
what it should be. Economic research offers
some answers (beyond explaining why the
past approach has failed)? First of all, thereis broad consensus that what matters most is
productivity. Locations are prosperous, when
they provide conditions for doing business
that are productive both in the sense of
enabling workers to generate much value
and mobilizing a large share of the available
workforce to participate in the economy.
Second, there is quite a lot of agreement
on what types of policies are conducive to
better economic performance: open markets,
modest inflation, robust institutions,
including property rights, and investments
in human skills make the list for a large
majority of experts. There are other
candidates as well, and there is a wide-
discussion on which of these factors matter
most and which are endogenous rather than
ultimate drivers of performance. But still thereis significant on what is generally good policy.
Third, however, there is an increasing
realization in the academic community that
looking for one set of policies, or even worse
one policy, as the general answer is ultimately
the wrong approach. Policies need to be right
given the context in a specific location. And
for that, knowing what works on average
across countries is useful but not sufficiently
specific. Increasingly, then, the question has
become how to correctly identify what a
specific location should do to enable
higher prosperity.
Fourth, especially practitioners have startedto point out that knowing what to do is not
enough. What differentiates successful from
less successful places is the ability to
implement action. Successful implementation,
it turns out, is a complex result of convincing
the right people to act in a coordinated way, it
is not just a matter of getting an external
advisor to come up with the right analysis.
What to do and how to get it done? The
experience from countries at all stages of
development suggest that a new model of
public-private dialogue is critical to give the
right answer to these questions.
Lets start with the diagnostics. In many
situations there is wide disagreement as tothe current status of the economy. Having a
shared language helps, even when different
groups focus on different types of
information. The competitiveness framework,
rooted in the focus on productivity and
capturing a broad range of macro- and
microeconomic factors, does provide such
a language. But often it is not a different
conceptual framework but differences in the
perceived data that is crucial. A large number
of surveys indicate that business leaders and
political leaders often have widely diverging
assessments about the competitive realities in
their country. With such different views onwhat is, how can one expect a productive
debate on what should be done? No one has
the complete picture, but together the public
and the private sector can arrive at a more
realistic view on where their location stands.
Following the analysis, decisions need to
be taken on what actions to prioritize. Here
again, the fragmented nature of the policy
dialogue typical today has a clear cost:
Governments select what they think has the
most beneficial impact on the economy, but
lack sufficient understanding of market
IT IS EASYTO IDENTIFY THE
NEED FOR A NEWGROWTH MODEL;THE HARD PART ITO DESCRIBE WHA
IT SHOULD BE.
dynamics to correctly assess impact. Priv
sector interest groups push at the same ti
for specific benefits or actions, but fai