HIGH RISK OF TRAUMAin today’s daily life
• Car accidents• industry
HIGH RISK OF TRAUMAin today’s daily life
• Car accidents• industry
EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:
1. MECHAN1. MECHANICALICAL
2. 2. RADIATIONRADIATION
3. ELE3. ELECCTRICTRICITYITY combinedcombined
4. 4. HEATHEAT
5. CHEMIC5. CHEMICALAL
EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:
1. MECHAN1. MECHANICALICAL
2. 2. RADIATIONRADIATION
3. ELE3. ELECCTRICTRICITYITY combinedcombined
4. 4. HEATHEAT
5. CHEMIC5. CHEMICALAL
MECHANICAL MECHANICAL
1. 1. Structure Structure - - conj, corneaconj, cornea ... ...
2. mechanism – 2. mechanism – foreign bodiesforeign bodies
- - sharp sharp x x bluntblunt
3. n3. nononpenetrpenetratingating x penetr x penetratingating
a) a) with foreign bodywith foreign body
b) b) without foreign without foreign
bodybody
CONJUNCTIVA & CORNEACONJUNCTIVA & CORNEA
1. EROS1. EROSIONION of corneaof cornea
2. REC2. RECURRENT URRENT EROSEROSIONION
3. 3. NONPENETRATING WOUNDSNONPENETRATING WOUNDS
((ointmentointment x sutur x suturee))
4. 4. PENETRATING WOUNDSPENETRATING WOUNDS
((patching both eyespatching both eyes, sutur, suturee))
SCLERASCLERA
1. PE1. PENETRATIONNETRATION
a) a) sclera onlysclera only
b) b) sclera & corneasclera & cornea If corpus cilliaris also – severe bleedingIf corpus cilliaris also – severe bleeding
If extends more than 5mm behind limbus – retinal traumaIf extends more than 5mm behind limbus – retinal trauma
FOREIGN BODIESFOREIGN BODIES
1. anamn1. anamnesisesis ((windwind x x hammer on chiselhammer on chisel))
2. 2. When foreign body suspected:When foreign body suspected:
CT CT
FOREIGN BODIESof CONJUNCTIVA & SCLERA
FOREIGN BODIESof CONJUNCTIVA & SCLERA
feels just like erosionfeels just like erosion
Superficial Superficial - - wipe out by cotton tipped stickwipe out by cotton tipped stick
- - turn over eyelidturn over eyelid
deeply drivendeeply driven – – dig out by needledig out by needle
- - clean rusty remnantsclean rusty remnants
- ATB - ATB ointmentointment
Treatment:
FOREIGN BODIESof CONJUNCTIVA & SCLERA
FOREIGN BODIESof CONJUNCTIVA & SCLERA
ANAMNANAMNESISESIS - metal - metalosisosis - sideros - siderosisis (Fe) (Fe)
- chalkos- chalkosisis
(Cu)(Cu) blockage of enzymes in retinal rods & blockage of enzymes in retinal rods &
cones cones
regular follow ups with regular follow ups with ERG ERG
CTCT
MATERIAL of FOREIGN BODIES
MATERIAL of FOREIGN BODIES
METALMETAL - magnetic x n - magnetic x nononmagneticmagnetic
Fe 75%Fe 75%
NON METALNON METAL - inert x organic - inert x organic
( Fu, Cu ( Fu, Cu && organic organic has to be removed has to be removed ) )
MATERIAL of FOREIGN BODIES
MATERIAL of FOREIGN BODIES
THERAPYTHERAPY
SUTURESUTURE - - ASAPASAP
REMOVAL of foreign bodyREMOVAL of foreign body - - forcepsforceps
- magnet- magnet
VITREVITRECCTOMITOMIYY
ATBATB
DOUBLE PENETRATIONDOUBLE PENETRATION
Foreign body gets in the eye Foreign body gets in the eye
and leaves it somewhere back.and leaves it somewhere back.
RIRISKSSKS: endo: endophphtalmititalmitiss
retinal detachmentretinal detachment
EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:
1. MECHAN1. MECHANICALICAL
2. 2. RADIATIONRADIATION
3. ELE3. ELECCTRICTRICITYITY combinedcombined
4. 4. HEATHEAT
5. CHEMIC5. CHEMICALAL
BREAKBREAK ! !
Pavel Stodůlka,Pavel Stodůlka, MD, MD, PhDPhD
stodulkastodulka@@lasiklasik.cz.cz
www.LASIK.czwww.LASIK.cz
EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:
1. MECHAN1. MECHANICALICAL
2. 2. RADIATIONRADIATION
3. ELE3. ELECCTRICTRICITYITY combinedcombined
4. 4. HEATHEAT
5. CHEMIC5. CHEMICALAL
oophphtalmia fotoelectrica - talmia fotoelectrica - weldingwelding
- germicid- germicidss
- - high mountainshigh mountains
destroys corneal epithelial celsdestroys corneal epithelial cels
pain 6 to 10 hours afterpain 6 to 10 hours after ((often come at nightoften come at night))
fluorescein dot like staining of corneafluorescein dot like staining of cornea
UV
the same as UV exposure, but milderthe same as UV exposure, but milder
lens at risk too (delayed cataractlens at risk too (delayed cataract))
Radioactive
Signs:
SOLSOLARAR RETINOPAT RETINOPATHYHY
UV UV exposureexposure – – corneal epithelial defectscorneal epithelial defects
SOLAR
EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:
1. MECHAN1. MECHANICALICAL
2. 2. RADIATIONRADIATION
3. 3. ELEELECCTRICTRICITYITY combinedcombined
4. 4. HEATHEAT
5. CHEMIC5. CHEMICALAL
EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:
1. MECHAN1. MECHANICALICAL
2. 2. RADIATIONRADIATION
3. ELE3. ELECCTRICTRICITYITY combinedcombined
4. 4. HEATHEAT
5. CHEMIC5. CHEMICALAL
EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:EYE TRAUMA CAUSES:
1. MECHAN1. MECHANICALICAL
2. 2. RADIATIONRADIATION
3. ELE3. ELECCTRICTRICITYITY combinedcombined
4. 4. HEATHEAT
5. 5. CHEMICCHEMICALAL
ACIDSACIDS::
coagulation & necrosiscoagulation & necrosis
:: ALKALINES ALKALINES
colliquation & necrosiscolliquation & necrosis
CHEMICAL
most often and very dangerousmost often and very dangerous::
unslaked LIME burnunslaked LIME burn
CHEMICAL BURN
water & water & waterwater & water & water
removal of chemical remnantsremoval of chemical remnants
chemical neutralizationchemical neutralization
Chemical burnFirst aid: