Sector Sector HFC consumption
Existing uses of HFCs
Mobile Air Conditioners
New vehicles with MAC Systems
46 million new cars by A5 countries
33,000 MT to 37,000 MT of HFC-134a
Servicing of vehicles with MAC system
~300 million cars in A5 countries
25,000 MT to 30,000 MT of HFC-134a
Domestic refrigerators
New refrigerators with HFC-134a
~ 40 million new 134a DRs by A5
6,000 MT to 7,000 MT of HFC-134a
Servicing existing refrigerators HFC/HC
~300 million DRs in A5 countries
4,500 MT to 5,500 MT of HFC-134a
HCFCs to be replaced by non-HFCs or via HFC to non-HFC Alternatives
Air conditioners
New ACs and servicing 95,000 MT of HCFC-22
Converting to HFC-32, HC-290 and/or HFO blend
Commercial refrigeration
CR Units and CR system,(compressor manufacturers)
~45,000 MT Converting to HFC-32, HC-600a, HC-290, R744
PU Foam sector
Foam production 75,000 MT of HCFC-141b
~ 10%-20% might convert to HFCs => to Non-HFC
Sector Alternatives ICC CEUS$/kg of HFCs
ICC CEUS$/CO2 equ
MAC, Vehicles manufactures
HFO-1234yf US$ 6.35/kg HFC-134a
US$ 4.44/tCO2-e
MAC component manufacturer
HFO-1234yf Na Na
MAC, Servicing HFO-1234yf US$ 6.5/kg US$4.55/tCO2-e
Domestic refrigerators
R-600a, US$10.4/kg HFC-134a
US$ 7.29/tCO2-e
DR Servicing HFC-123a/R-600a US$6.5/kg HFC-134a
US$ 5/tCO2-e
AC HFC-32, HFO blends and R290
US$ 5/kg HCFC-22 ($14/kg for R290)
US$ 2.60/tCO2-e($7.78/kg for R290)
CR plug-in units (Refrigeration part)
HFC-32, HC-290, HC-600a and HFOs
US$ 8.0/kg HCFC-22
US$ 4.44/tCO2-e
CR on site installations
HC-290, R744 US$ 4.5/kg HCFC-22
US$ 3.6/tCO2-e
PU Foam HC, HFOs,water/CO2
US$17/kg (HC)US$ 5.5/kg (HFO)
US$23.45/tCO2-e (HC)US$ 7.59 (HFO)
Sector Use of HFCs and HCFCs
ICC CEUS$/kg of HFCs
ICC Conversion cost
MAC, Vehicles manufactures
35,000 MT US$ 6.35/kg HFC US$ 222.25 million
MAC component manufacturer
N.A. N.A. No estimates available
MAC, Servicing 27,500 MT US$ 6.5/kg HFC/HFO
US$ 178.75 million
Domestic refrigerators 6,500 MT US$10.4/kg HFC US$ 67.6 million
Dom Ref Servicing 5,000 MT US$ 6.5/kg HFC/HC US$ 32.5million
AC 95,000 MT US$ 5/kg HCFC-22 US$ 475 million
Com Ref, P-I units 35,000 MT US$ 8/kg HCFC-22 US$ 280 million
Industry-Com Ref On site
10,000 MT US$ 4.5/kg HCFC-22
US$ 45,000
PU Foam 15,000 MT US$ 17/kg HCFC-141b
US$ 255 million
Non-HFC Technologies are avail, but: High up-front investment cost for e.g. hydrocarbon based technologies, Are safety requirements a barrier?, High cost of low carbon chemicals, Very high HFOs prices are quoted, but
will the experiences on the history of cost of e.g. HFC-134a be repeated.
What will drive the phase-out of HFC-134a in the MAC sector in A5 countries?
Cost of servicing of existing chemical and new non-HFC flammable alternatives. R600 and R290 HFC-32 and HFOs
Are Technology transfer a barrier for going non-HFC?
What are the barriers for going directly to Non-HFC technologies for stage II and III of the HPMPs instead of HFCs:
A choice between high cost of IOC for HFOs or high cost of ICC for hydrocarbon based technologies.
MLF funding policies will play a major role,