Embedded TechnologyAmit SachdevaSingsys Pte. Ltd.
What is Embedded Technology ?
An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints.
Few examples
General Purpose:-Automobiles MP3Cell phones GPS MicrowaveNetwork routersGame consolesSpecial Purpose :-ATM machines, Medical Instruments, Aircraft,
Satellites
Schematic (a example)
CPU
Memory
Permanent Memory
Input
Sensorsto measure
physical values
Actuatorsto
controlphysicalthings
Outputdevice (screen)
bus
program
Challenges for developing a embedded system
SecurityScalabilityHigh availabilityPerformance-based interoperabilityReal-time
Components
It has hardwareIt has main application softwareIt has Real time operating system (RTOS).
Real-Time System
Hard Real Time SystemFailure to meet deadlines is fatal
Example : Flight Control System
Soft Real Time SystemLate completion of jobs is undesirable but not fatal.System performance degrades as more & more jobs
miss deadlines
Role of RTOS in Embedded systemStandalone Applications
Often no OS involvedMicro controller based Embedded Systems
Some Real Time Applications are huge & complexMultiple threadsComplicated Synchronization RequirementsFile system / Network / Windowing supportOS primitives reduce the software design time
Linux OS
Royalty free licensing.Reliable IP stack and TCP/IP applications.Open Source KernelTool chain source codes are open source.
Kernel Types
Monolithic Kernel.
Modular kernel
Examples of RTOS
ETLinuxuLinuxmuLinuxArtLinuxKUARTLinux-SrtQlinuxRTAI
Firmware programming
CEmbedded C.Assembly language.
RTOS programming
C language.System programmingLinux Internals.Kernel Programming. (High + Low level)
Embedded vs Desktop Programming
Limited ROM, RAM, stack spaceLimited powerLimited computing capabilityReal-time responses and controls critical timing (interrupt service routines, tasks, …)
ReliabilityHardware-oriented programming
Thanks you.QueriesDoubtsDiscussions
