6. argument valid Breaking down an argument into its components
Examine each premise http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-85-j7Nr9i4 6
Tuesday, November 5, 13
7.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LXMAR63TVDI&feature=relmfu
Tuesday, November 5, 13
8. : (+ Hidden premises) : Tuesday, November 5, 13
9. (Argumentation) ( A B) A therefore B : premise : conclusion
fact assumption 1. premise 2. premise Tuesday, November 5, 13
10. (Reasoning) Tuesday, November 5, 13
11. Premises fact? assumption? , , Tuesday, November 5, 13
12. claim fact EVIDENCE claim fact Tuesday, November 5, 13
13. What is Fact? . Tuesday, November 5, 13
14. objectively real BP, death, Tectonic plates FACT Strawberry
ice-cream tastes better than Vanilla ice-cream true or false
subjectively real Prof. Searles construction of reality Tuesday,
November 5, 13 pain, quality of life US president Obama
15. 1 Falsify dispute courts demand evidence that is beyond
reasonable doubt, not 100% absolutely proven. It means that our
ability to reach the absolute truth is dependent on the quality of
the evidence. 2 Black swan Tuesday, November 5, 13
16. 3 Fact Reality Reality is largely socially constructed from
cultural historical contextual background Tuesday, November 5,
13
17. BP, death, Tectonic plates objectively real FACT Strawberry
ice-cream tastes better than Vanilla ice-cream true or false
subjectively real Prof. Searles construction of reality Tuesday,
November 5, 13 pain, quality of life US president Obama
18. Reality Tuesday, November 5, 13
19. Tuesday, November 5, 13
20. ideology , Tuesday, November 5, 13
21. Ideology truth logic evidence Tuesday, November 5, 13
22. 5 Tuesday, November 5, 13
23. Executions are moral because we must have a death penalty
to discourage violent crime. 23 Tuesday, November 5, 13
24. 1: 2: : 24 Tuesday, November 5, 13
25. Tuesday, November 5, 13
26. fallacy Tuesday, November 5, 13
27. Circular argument You should drive on the right side of the
road because that is what the law says, and the law is the law.
Tuesday, November 5, 13
28. Oversimplication Fallacy of Reduction Faulty Causation
Confusing association with causation The nation's current lack of
moral standards was caused by the poor example set by Bill Clinton
when he was president. sex Tuesday, November 5, 13
29. (jumping to conclusion) http:/
/www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5,
13
30. (hasty conclusion) http:/
/www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5,
13
31. False dilemma/dichotomy (Either-Or Fallacy, Black and White
Fallacy). . ! Tuesday, November 5, 13
32. (appeal to number) http:/
/www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5,
13
33. (appeal to pity) C C http:/
/www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5,
13
34. (stereotyping) http:/
/www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5,
13
35. (appeal to authority) http:/
/www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5,
13
36. (ad hominem) http:/
/www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5,
13
37. (irrelevant conclusion) http:/
/www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5,
13
42. Critical thinking 1. asking questions 2. defining a problem
3. examining evidence 4. analyzing assumptions and biases 5.
avoiding emotional reasoning 6. avoiding oversimplification 7.
considering other interpretations 8. tolerating ambiguity Wade, C.
(1995). Teaching of Psychology, 22(1), 24-28. Tuesday, November 5,
13
43. Critical Thinker: consensus concern to become and remain
well-informed open-mindedness regarding divergent world views
flexibility in considering alternatives and opinions honesty in
facing ones own biases, stereotypes, or egocentric tendencies
willingness to reconsider and revise views where honest reflection
suggests that change is warranted Based on the APA Expert Consensus
Delphi Report description of strong critical thinkers Tuesday,
November 5, 13
44. (skills) (dispositions) Tuesday, November 5, 13
46. "What was the most important thing you learned in today's
class? What question related to this session remains uppermost in
your mind? Tuesday, November 5, 13