May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 1
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
WAVE Operational Concepts
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist IEEE 802.11. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
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Date: 2005-05-14
Name Company Address Phone email Lee Armstrong Armstrong
Consulting, Inc. 454 Walnut Street Newton, MA 02460 USA
617 244 9203 [email protected]
Authors:
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 2
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Abstract
TGp objective is to enable IEEE 802.11 to support on-highway applications which includes many that are safety related. This presentation provides an overview of the manner in which it would operate, including the operational concepts of selected applications.
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 3
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
WAVE Architecture
WSMP IPv6
LLC
WAVE MAC
WAVE PHY
WME
MLME
PLME
Data PlaneManagement Plane
To
Airl
ink
MIB
UDP/TCP
Scope of P1609 standards
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 4
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Common Vehicle On-Board Equipment (Basic Configuration)
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
OBU(retrofit installation)
Not to scale
87.5-107.9 MHzFM sub carrier
800 to 900 MHzCellular Phone
1575.42 MHzGPS Receiver
1800 to 1900 MHzPCS Phone
Other ITS Communications
Equipment
Multiple BandsTwo-way Radio
76-77 GHzCollision
Avoidance Radar
??? bandSatellite Radio
909.75-921.75 MHzToll & Parking
OBU(Add-on when
needed)
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 5
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Common Vehicle On-Board Equipment (Basic Pattern Proposal)
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
OBU(connected to the IDB)
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
OBU(360 deg horizontal pattern)
The multi-application OBUs use a 360 deg. horizontal pattern for all applications.
Not to scale
909.75-921.75 MHzToll & Parking
OBU(360 deg horizontal pattern)
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 6
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Common Vehicle On-Board Equipment (Enhanced Configuration)
Interface Devices(Built-in Display, Annunciator,
Microphone, Keypad, etc. connected to the Computer, which is connected to the
IDB)
909.75-921.75 MHzToll & Parking
OBU(Add-on when
needed)
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
360 degree antenna(factory installation)
(connected to the OBU)
Not to scale
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
OBU(installed in the computer)
Computer(factory installation)
(connected to the IDB)
87.5-107.9 MHzFM sub carrier
800 to 900 MHzCellular Phone
1575.42 MHzGPS Receiver
1800 to 1900 MHzPCS Phone
Other ITS Communications
Equipment
Multiple BandsTwo-way Radio
76-77 GHzCollision
Avoidance Radar
??? bandSatellite Radio
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 7
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Common Vehicle On-Board Equipment (Enhanced Pattern Proposal)
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
OBU(connected to the IDB)
909.75-921.75 MHzToll & Parking
OBU(360 deg horizontal pattern)
The multi-application OBUs use a 360 deg. horizontal pattern for all applications.
Not to scale
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
Antenna(360 deg horizontal pattern)
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 8
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Common Vehicle On-Board Equipment (Separate Multi-App and Veh-Veh OBU partitions)
Interface Devices(Built-in Display, Annunciator,
Microphone, Keypad, etc. connected to the Computer, which is connected to the
IDB)
909.75-921.75 MHzToll & Parking
OBU(Add-on when
needed)
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
360 degree antenna 1(factory installation)
(connected to the OBU)
Not to scale
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
and Veh-Veh partitionsin the OBU
(installed in the computer)
Computer(factory installation)
(connected to the IDB)
87.5-107.9 MHzFM sub carrier
800 to 900 MHzCellular Phone
1575.42 MHzGPS Receiver
1800 to 1900 MHzPCS Phone
Other ITS Communications
Equipment
Multiple BandsTwo-way Radio
76-77 GHzCollision
Avoidance Radar
??? bandSatellite Radio
5.850-5.865 GHz
Vehicle to Vehicle360 degree antenna 2(factory installation)
(connected to the OBU)
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 9
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Common Vehicle On-Board Equipment (Separate Multi-App and Veh-Veh OBU Antennas)
909.75-921.75 MHzToll & Parking
OBU(360 deg horizontal
pattern)
5.850-5.865 GHz
Vehicle to Vehicle/ Antenna
(360 deg horizontal pattern)
The multi-application/ vehicle to vehicle, multi-element, OBU uses two antennas with 360 degree patterns. One for vehicle to vehicle communications and the other for general applications.
Not to scale
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
Antenna(360 deg horizontal pattern)
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 10
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Common Vehicle On-Board Equipment (Emergency Vehicle Configuration)
Interface Devices(Built-in Display, Annunciator,
Microphone, Keypad, etc. connected to the Computer, which is connected to the
IDB)
5.875-5.885 and 5.915-5.925 GHzEmergency Vehicle Application
OBU (2) with a multidirectional antenna (3)
mounted on the light bar(connected to the IDB)
Not to scale
87.5-107.9 MHzFM sub carrier
800 to 900 MHzCellular Phone
1575.42 MHzGPS Receiver
1800 to 1900 MHzPCS Phone
Other ITS Communications
Equipment
Multiple BandsTwo-way Radio
76-77 GHzCollision
Avoidance Radar
??? bandSatellite Radio
909.75-921.75 MHzToll & Parking
OBU (3)(Add-on when
needed)
5.850-5.925 GHz
Multi-Application/Vehicle to Vehicle
OBU (1)(installed in the computer)
Computer(connected to the IDB)
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
360 degree antenna 1(factory installation)
(connected to the OBU)
5.850-5.865 GHz
Vehicle to Vehicle360 degree antenna 2(factory installation)
(connected to the OBU)
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 11
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Common Vehicle On-Board Equipment (Emergency Vehicle Configuration)
The multi-application/ vehicle to vehicle, multi-element, multi-directional OBU can select the emergency warning pattern, the forward pattern, the rearward pattern, or the 360 degree pattern depending on the requirements of the application being implemented.
Not to scale
909.75-921.75 MHzToll & Parking
OBU(360 deg horizontal
pattern)
5.875-5.885 and 5.915-5.925 GHzEmergency Vehicle Application
OBU with a multidirectional antenna
mounted on the light bar(connected to the IDB)
Emergency Warning Pattern
5.850-5.865 GHz
Vehicle to Vehicle/ Antenna
(360 deg horizontal pattern)
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
Antenna(360 deg horizontal pattern)
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 12
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
CVO On-Board Equipment
Interface Devices(Built-in Display, Annunciator,
Microphone, Keypad, etc. connected to the Computer, which is connected to the
SAE-1708 or 1939 bus)
909.75-921.75 MHz,Multi-Application
OBU(Built-in and connected to the SAE-
1708 or 1939 bus)
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
Mirror Mounted Antennas(360 deg horizontal pattern)
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application/Vehicle to Vehicle
OBU(installed in the computer)
Computer(connected to the in-vehicle
SAE-1708 or 1939 bus)
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 13
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
TRANSIT On-Board Equipment
Interface Devices(Built-in Display, Annunciator,
Microphone, Keypad, etc. connected to the Computer, which is connected to the SAE-1708, 1939, or EIA-709
LonWorks interface bus)
5.850-5.925 GHzMulti-Application
OBU(360 deg horizontal pattern)
(Built-in and connected to the SAE-1708, 1939, or EIA-709
LonWorks interface bus)
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 14
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
RAIL ENGINE On-Board Equipment
Interface Devices(Built-in Display, Annunciator,
Microphone, Keypad, etc. connected to the Computer,
which is connected to an SAE-1708, 1939, or EIA-709
LonWorks interface bus)
5850-5.925 GHz
Multi-Application OBU
(360 deg horizontal pattern)
(Built-in and connected to an SAE-1708, 1939, or EIA-709
LonWorks interface bus)
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 15
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Planned Applications
• Safety related– Collision avoidance
– Alerts, warnings
– Signage
• Public safety– Police, fire, ambulance
• Electronic fee collection– Toll collection, retail sales
• General purpose Internet access
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 16
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
DSRC APPLICATIONS
• APPROACHING EMERGENCY VEHICLE (WARNING) ASSISTANT (3)
• EMERGENCY VEHICLE SIGNAL PREEMPTION• ROAD CONDITION WARNING• LOW BRIDGE WARNING • WORK ZONE WARNING• IMMINENT COLLISION WARNING (D)• CURVE SPEED ASSISTANCE [ROLLOVER WARNING] (1)• INFRASTRUCTURE BASED – STOP LIGHT ASSISTANT (2)• INTERSECTION COLLISION WARNING/AVOIDANCE (4)• HIGHWAY/RAIL [RAILROAD] COLLISION AVOIDANCE (10)• COOPERATIVE COLLISION WARNING [V-V] (5)• GREEN LIGHT - OPTIMAL SPEED ADVISORY (8)• COOPERATIVE VEHICLE SYSTEM – PLATOONING (9)• COOPERATIVE ADAPTIVE CRUISE CONTROL [ACC] (11) • VEHICLE BASED PROBE DATA COLLECTION (B)• INFRASTRUCTURE BASED PROBE DATA COLLECTION • INFRASTRUCTURE BASED TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT –
[DATA COLLECTED from] PROBES (7)• TOLL COLLECTION• TRAFFIC INFORMATION (C)• TRANSIT VEHICLE DATA TRANSFER (gate)• TRANSIT VEHICLE SIGNAL PRIORITY• EMERGENCY VEHICLE VIDEO RELAY• MAINLINE SCREENING• BORDER CLEARANCE• ON-BOARD SAFETY DATA TRANSFER• VEHICLE SAFETY INSPECTION • DRIVER’S DAILY LOG
• ACCESS CONTROL• DRIVE-THRU PAYMENT • PARKING LOT PAYMENT• DATA TRANSFER / INFO FUELING (A)
– ATIS DATA– DIAGNOSTIC DATA – REPAIR-SERVICE RECORD– VEHICLE COMPUTER PROGRAM UPDATES– MAP and MUSIC DATA UPDATES– VIDEO UPLOADS
• DATA TRANSFER / CVO / TRUCK STOP • ENHANCED ROUTE PLANNING and GUIDANCE (6)• RENTAL CAR PROCESSING • UNIQUE CVO FLEET MANAGEMENT • DATA TRANSFER / TRANSIT VEHICLE (yard)• TRANSIT VEHICLE REFUELING MANAGEMENT• LOCOMOTIVE FUEL MONITORING• DATA TRANSFER / LOCOMOTIVE
PRIVATE PUBLIC SAFETY
ATIS - Advanced Traveler Information SystemsCVO - Commercial Vehicle OperationsEV - Emergency VehiclesIDB - ITS Data BusTHRU – ThroughV-V – Vehicle to Vehicle(#) – Applications Submitted by GM/Ford/Chrysler(A- Z) – Applications Submitted by Daimler-Chrysler
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 17
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
URBAN/SUBURBAN
APPLICATIONS
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 18
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Traffic Signal
Traffic Signal
Traffic Signal - Green
Traffic Signal- Red
COLLISION ANIMATION
FOLLOWS
TYPICAL INTERSECTION
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 19
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
INTERSECTION COLLISION AVOIDANCE TARGET THREATS
SCP - Straight Crossing Path RTIP - Right Turn Into Path RTAP - Right Turn Across Path
LTIP - Right Turn Into Path LTAP/OD - Left Turn Across Path / Opposite Direction Conflict
LTAP/LD - Left Turn Across Path / Lateral Direction Conflict
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 20
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
SCP
LTIP
RTIP
LTAP/LD LTAP/OD
Traffic Signal
Traffic Signal
RTAP
INTERSECTION COLLISION AVOIDANCE TARGET CRASHES
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 21
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Traffic Signal
Traffic Signal
Traffic Signal - Green
Traffic Signal- Red
NO COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM IN OPERATION
ANIMATION
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 22
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
IMMINENT COLLISION WARNING
VEHICLE TO VEHICLE APPLICATION
IMMINENT
FRONT
COLLISION
Note 1: The OBU in the vehicle recognizing the threat transmits a WARNING and COLLISION PREPARATION MESSAGE with the location address of the threat vehicle.
In-Vehicle Displays and Annunciations
Traffic Signal
Traffic Signal
Not to ScaleOBUs on Control Ch
~ ~~ ~
~ ~
IMMINENT
LEFT
COLLISION
Radar Threat Identification
Note 2: Only the OBU in the threating vehicle processes the message because only it matches the threat address.
up to 100 m (328 ft)Note 3: COLLISION PREPARATION includes seat belt tightening, side air bag deployment, side bumper expansion, etc.
Car NOT Stopping
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 23
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
EMERGENCY VEHICLE APPROACH WARNING
VEHICLE TO VEHICLE APPLICATION
VEHICLE
FRONT
EMERG.
VEHICLE
REAR
EMERG.
Note 1: The Emergency OBU transmits a warning to ALERT other vehicles that it is coming.
In-Vehicle Displays and Annunciations
Traffic Signal
Traffic Signal
Emergency Vehicle
Not to Scale
up to 1000 m (3281 ft)
OBUs on Control Ch
Emergency Vehicle Approach Warning Communication Zone
~ ~~ ~
~ ~
VEHICLE
LEFT
EMERG.
VEHICLE
RIGHT
EMERG.
ANIMATIONFOLLOWS
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 24
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
EMERGENCY VEHICLE APPROACH WARNING
VEHICLE TO VEHICLE APPLICATION
VEHICLE
FRONT
EMERG.
VEHICLE
REAR
EMERG.
Note 1: The Emergency OBU transmits a warning to ALERT other vehicles that it is coming.
In-Vehicle Displays and Annunciations
Traffic Signal
Traffic Signal
Emergency Vehicle
Not to Scale
up to 1000 m (3281 ft)
OBUs on Control Ch
Emergency Vehicle Approach Warning Communication Zone
~ ~~ ~
~ ~
VEHICLE
LEFT
EMERG.
VEHICLE
RIGHT
EMERG.ANIMATION
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 25
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
EMERGENCY VEHICLE SIGNAL PREEMPTION
ROADSIDE TO VEHICLE APPLICATION
~ ~
Traffic Signal
RSUHorizontal Support
RSU located in the center of the intersection
Traffic Signal
Traffic Signal
Emergency Vehicle
Not to Scale
up to 1000 m (3281 ft)
~ ~~ ~
OBU on Intersection Ch
RSU on Intersection Ch
Note 1: OBU Transmitting the Emergency Vehicle Signal Preemption Request on the Intersection Ch
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 26
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
OVERLAPPING COMMUNICATIONS ZONE URBAN APPLICATION MAP
RSU on Slot E Hi-Pwr Ch
RSU on Slot D Hi-Pwr Ch
RSU on Slot F Hi-Pwr Ch
RSU on Slot G Hi-Pwr Ch
Emerg. Veh
Bus Parking Garage / Data Download
RSU on Control. Ch
RSU on Service Ch 172
BUS MaintenanceFacility / Data Download
Not to Scale
Service StationData Upload
Service Station/Data Download
RSU on Slot ... Hi-Pwr Ch
Parking Lot 2
Parking Lot 1
Small Communication Zones Large Com. Zones
RSU on Service Ch 184RSU on Service Ch 174
RSU on Service Ch 182
up to 1000 ft
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 27
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
3 types of communication
Internet
AP
MR
LFN LFN LFN
CN HA
①Localcommunication
②NAPT with MIP
③MIP with NEMO
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 28
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Roadside Architecture - example
Internet Domain C
Domain B
Domain A
Home Domain
HA
Vehicle - OBU
Access PointOr RSU
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 29
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Road side serverRoad side server
M5L1-L2
2.5/3GL1-L2
Service Center(Back office computer)
Routing & Media Switching
LocalNetwork(L1-L2)
M5 MACExtension
M5 LLC
M5 BS
Local Network(L1-L3)
CS
M
CME
InternetApps
(CALM aware)
AppsCALM
Non-aware
M5 MAC
M5 PHY
Convergence Layer
of ISO15628
AppsCALM
Non-aware
InternetApps
(CALM aware)
InternetStandard
L5-L7
Discussion InitializationStatic mode --- scenario1
CommonStationMngr
NME
CME
Profile
ROHC
InternetStandardISO15628
OBU + Vehicle Computer
IPv6 Routing
Apps CALMNon-aware
Convergence Layer of ISO15628
Profile
Road side serverRoad side server
LocalNetwork(L1-L2)
2.5/3G LLC
2.5/3G BS
CS
M
2.5/3G MAC
2.5/3G PHY
IPv6 Routing
InternetInternet
CME
NME
1. Data transfer1. Data transfer
2. Broadcast2. Broadcast
May 2005
Lee Armstrong, Armstrong Consulting, Inc.Slide 30
doc.: IEEE 802.11-05/0446r0
Submission
Road side serverRoad side server
M5L1-L2
2.5/3GL1-L2
Service Center(Back office computer)
Routing & Media Switching
LocalNetwork(L1-L2)
M5 MACExtension
M5 LLC
M5 BS
Local Network(L1-L3)
CS
M
CME
InternetApps
(CALM aware)
AppsCALM
Non-aware
M5 MAC
M5 PHY
Convergence Layer
of ISO15628
AppsCALM
Non-aware
InternetApps
(CALM aware)
InternetStandard
L5-L7
Discussion Initialization (to be revised)
NAT with Mobile IPv6 --- scenario2
CommonStationMngr
NME
CME
ROHC
InternetStandardISO15628
OBU + Vehicle ComputerBased onBased onCD15662CD15662
IPv6 Routing
Apps CALMNon-aware
Convergence Layer of ISO15628
Profile
Road side serverRoad side server
LocalNetwork(L1-L2)
2.5/3G LLC
2.5/3G BS
CS
M
2.5/3G MAC
2.5/3G PHY
IPv6 Routing
InternetInternet
CME
NME
Home AgentHome Agent
Local Network(L1-L3)
CME
NME