Digital Art and Modernity
"Mirrors Mirror" (2008) by Daniel Rozin
Text Rain Camille U?erback & Romy Achituv 1999 h?p://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_u3sSffS78
Very Nervous System David Rokeby 1982-‐91 h?p://vimeo.com/8120954
Myron Krueger Videoplace Responsive Environment 1972-‐1990s
Myron Krueger Videoplace Responsive Environment 1972-‐1990s
Artwork-Spectator Relationship in Digital Art:! The Aesthetic Experience !
(Infographics by Brigitta Zics)!
Digital Art! !
art form which implements (emerging) digital technologies as
tool an medium!!
tool= technologies/techniques we create art with !
!medium= technologies/forms we are
using to present the artwork!!
Aesthetic ~ focuses on the spectators’ experience. !
Umberto Eco: Open Work (1989)
Open-ended art works: open for multiple interpretation and perception.!!Art work as a communication system.! Artwork as a communica^on system which oscillates between a formal structure and the mul-ple meaning produced by a ‘wonderment’ of the spectator (Eco, 1989).!!The authorship of meaning moved from the artists to the audience.!
Umberto Boccioni !Unique Forms of Continuity in Space!1913!
Main Aspects leading to Digital Art !
1. Participatory art and Audience Interaction !!
– ! ‘art nugatory’(dada)!– ! Fluxus/Happening !!– ! Performance!
– !John Cage’s Practice !!
2. Technological development of Interactivity !Virtual reality, Emerging technologies: !!
!– Sketch Pad by I. Sutherland 1963!
– Head Mounted Display by I. Sutherland1965!– Artificial Reality mid. 1970s !– Personal Comp 1977!
Forerunners of Interactive Art!
Participatory art form here stands for art works or movements which characterized an audience
involvement in the art work. !
The artists generated a new forms of interaction, public congregation, demonstration etc.!
The desire immediately interacting with the audience brought to art the form of ‘art nugatory’
of dada movement at the beginning of twenty century.!
John Cage!4’33!Performance!1952! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JTEFKFiXSx4!
! !! !
!4’33 Scores!!1952!
!"the work may be performed by any instrumentalist or combination of instrumentalists and last any length of time."!
!‘!
Allan Kaprow18 Happenings in 6 Parts Happening 1959!
The audience were given programs and three stapled cards, which provided instruc^ons for their
par^cipa^on
A happening is a performance, event or situation that can take place anywhere, often lack a narrative and frequently seek to involve the audience in some way. This events are usefully open-ended and improvised.!
Ivan Sutherland !!Sketchpad!!1963!
Ivan Sutherland !!First Virtual Displays and Goggles!!1965!
Spectator User and the Digital Artwork !(Infographics by Brigitta Zics)!
Active Spectatorship in Art!!
Active spectator describes a participant subject who actively contributes in the creation process.!
!The Interaction between artwork and spectator is not
only a mental process but active participation when the structure of the artwork changes through the
spectators/users’ input.!!
New Spectatorship!
Pioneers!
Myron Krueger!!!
Jeffrey Shaw!!!
David Rokeby!!!
Christa Sommerer !
Myron Krueger Psychic Space
.
MetaPlay !Myron Krueger!h?p://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmmxVA5xhuo
MetaPlay !Myron Krueger!h?p://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmmxVA5xhuo
Jeffrey Shaw Legible City 1988-‐91
Jeffrey Shaw The Golden Calf1994 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=paaacEIF6wU!
Christa Sommerer A-‐volve 1994/97 h?p://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZ3v1jcCXmk
Telematic Dreaming Paul Sermon 1992 h?p://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S4Wt16PnqeY
The Concept of Digital Mirrorin Digital Art
!
Tranforming Mirrors David Rokeby
!„The speactator sees some
representation of themselfes on a projection screen. This Representation follows the movements of the interactor
like a mirror-image or shadow, transformed by the potentials with which the artist has endowed the
space.“!h?p://www.davidrokeby.com/mirrorsart.html
Peter Weibel !Endless Sandwich!1969!h?p://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVTlqewBTo4
Bruce Neumann!Live-Taped Corridor, Videoinstallation 1970!
Alexa Wright &Alf Finney!Alter Ego!2004!
A"er about thirty seconds the reflec3on begins to react to, rather than mirror, the
facial expressions of the user.
h?p://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2F0Aw2L-‐58g
Mirror_SPACE
2004/05
Brigitta Zics!Mirror_Space!Interactive Installation 2004/5!http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E71-FRvSXsU!!
Rafael Lozano-‐Hemmer Eye Contact 2006 h?p://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FTL9DX6uz5I
Digital Art/Media Art Web resources !
h?p://www.medienkunstnetz.de/mediaartnet/
h?p://www.mediaarthistory.org/
h?p://www.youtube.com/user/MediaArtTube/videos
h?p://www.artmuseum.net/w2vr/contents.html Mul-media – From Wagner to Virtual Reality
h?p://www.ubu.com/film/
h?p://rhizome.org/artbase/
h?p://archive.aec.at/