Did You Know? A Book About Geology

Adapted from “Amazing Facts About Rocks” by Chelsea Downie, Katie DiRe,Becky Ruddy, Kelly Schultz, and Holly Im-Hamper and Pebbles, Sand and Silt by Penny Creek First Grade Teachers by K. Gooding

A geologists is a scientist that studies

rocks. They use many different tools.

A magnifying glass or a microscope is used by a geologist to closely observe properties of rocks and minerals.

Geologists use hammers to separate rocks and look at the different layers.

Did you know rocks are the nonliving solid

material of the Earth?

I just thought you would like to know.

Some rocks are formed from lava coming out of an erupting volcano.

When the lava cools and hardens, it separates and forms basalt, tuff, or scoria.

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Did you know rocks are the nonliving solid material of the Earth?

Basalt is formed when lava that has erupted from a volcano cools and hardens. A basalt rock is gray and smooth.

Tuff is formed from the ash created when a volcano erupts. Tuff is white, soft, and dusty.

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Scoria is formed from the bubbly top of lava. Scoria is red and rough. It usually has holes in it.

Did you know rocks are the nonliving solid material of the Earth?

Another way rocks are formed is by erosion. Erosion is when the wind, the rain, and the sun break away the earth’s surface and make rocks over time.

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Did you know rocks are the nonliving solid material of the Earth?

Erosion turns a boulder into a cobble.

Erosion turns a cobble into a pebble.

Erosion turns a pebble into gravel.

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Did you know rocks are the nonliving solid material of the Earth?

Erosion turns gravel into sand.

Erosion turns sand into silt.

Erosion turns a silt into clay.

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Did you know rocks are the nonliving solid material of the Earth?

A boulder is bigger than 2 hands.

A cobble fits in your hand.

A pebble is about the size of popcorn.

I just thought you would like to know.

Did you know rocks are the nonliving solid material of the Earth?

I just thought you would like to know.

Did you know rocks are the nonliving solid material of the Earth?

Gravel is about the size of an M&M.

A grain of sand is the size of a

granule of sugar. Silt is smaller than sand but bigger than

clay. Clay is the size of cocoa

powder.