CW13 – Vocab p725
Postwar Uncertainty
• Italy, Russia and Germany all in chaos after WWI
• Going to give rise to extremism and fascism
Rise of Mussolini
• Italy was angry about broken promises of Treaty of Versailles
• Unemployment and depression led people to follow Mussolini’s Fascist Party
• Mussolini formed military force (Black Shirts) and marched into Rome, took over without a shot.
• Totalitarian state, first in modern history
• Glorified the state over the individual human rights.
• Sworn enemies of communists and socialists
• Appealed to the people of Italy which was in chaos.
Fascist State
Weimar Republic
• Germany sets up republic with chancellor in charge1. Super weak government2. Economic hardships because France controlled
resources3. Depression hit them in 1923
• Turn to Adolf Hitler
Nazi Party
• Depression forced people to look for answers
• Hitler despised the Weimar Republic, tried to overthrow
1. Extreme nationalism
2. Anti-Semitism
3. Need a living space
• Within a year, Hitler is the dictator of Germany
Third Reich
• Named it this to recall past glories (nationalism)
• Master race to dominate Europe for 1000 years.
• Totalitarian state emerges, Hitler formed Gestapo to combat enemies
• Nuremberg Laws outlawed Jewish citizenship (Kristallnacht)
• Hitler Youth and purifying the German culture.