Annals of Tourism Research,
Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 355-376,
(2010)
PREPARED BY:
NORHASIMAH BT HAMIM
2013838972
MASTER IN TOURISM MANAGEMENT
CONFLICT AND
PROGRESS:
Tourism
Development in
Korea
BY:
LEE, T. J., RILEY, M. & HAMPTON, M. P.
INTRODUCTION
One medium for capturing this wider process of
collaboration within the goals of development,
sustainability and governance is tourism policy.
Vernon, Essex, Pinder and Curry (2005) confirm the
need for public sector leadership in tourism
development.
Prominent within these strategies is increasing
attention directed at face-to-face interactions
between representatives in the public, semi-public,
private and voluntary sectors.
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OBJECTIVE/S OF THE STUDY
Aims to:-
Examine collaboration, to distinguish different forms
of conflict, and to analyze the relationship between conflict and inertia.
Investigates the momentum of a project
encumbered with a differential power structure, conflicts of interest and of interpretation to show
how it continues despite ceaseless problems and
inertia.
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COLLABORATION & CONFLICT:
THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Collective Action and Identity Approaches:-
Collective action requires three conditions;
a) There must be grievance,
b) ‘common consciousness’ and
c) An awareness by an individual not only that they feel
something towards the cause but that they know that others
(not known to them) feel as they do.
Stakeholders are usually groups and once relationships
acquire, group dimensions; both collaboration and
conflict; can be seen as inter-group behavior – theoretical
basis of Social Identity Theory (SIT).
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COLLABORATION & CONFLICT:
THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Social Exchange Approaches:-
In mutually dependent relations, each actor values some
outcomes that are under the control of the interaction
partner – collaborative structure as source of harmony.
Structure and Dynamics Approaches:-
Identifies attributes, conditions or factors that, if present,
determine collaboration performance.
Four central concerns emerge: (1) the identification of
stakeholders; (2) the motivation to participate; (3)
structure; and (4) purpose.
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THE BAEKJE HISTORY REPRODUCTION
COMPLEX (BHRC), BUYEO, KOREA
Research Strategy:-
First, examine the history and chronology of the
development through secondary documentation
including media reports,
Second, structured interviews to examine reflections
upon the residual relationships.
Sample:-
Five (5) main stakeholder groups and one additional
third-party sector which is the mass media.
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CASE STUDY
THE BAEKJE HISTORY REPRODUCTION
COMPLEX (BHRC), BUYEO, KOREA
Background:-
The BHRC project was designed to preserve the
traditional culture of the Buyeo area, revive the Baekje Dynasty’s historic relics and revitalized the
socially stagnant region.
BHRC conceived in 1992 by the Ministry of
Construction and Transportation.
The BHRC Project’s:-
a) Stakeholders and the Distribution of Power,
b) Consultation and Collaboration History, and
c) Budgetary History.
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CASE STUDY
FINDINGS
Stakeholder Perceptions
a) Sensing the problem, and
b) The breakdown of trust.
Substantive Issues and Problems
a) The complexity of the governance structure,
b) Problems of historical attribution and interpretation,
c) The double-standard egotistic behavior of local business
people,
d) Lack of professional human resources,
e) Compensation expectations,
f) Human resource management issues, and
g) Getting it wrong.
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CONCLUSION
The significance of the paper:-
Highlighting the different forms of conflict and arguing that
these present distinctive problems for any resolution
mechanism built into collaborative frameworks.
The end-product of lack of collaboration is not necessarily
conflict but an infectious inertia.
Approaches to collaboration studies outlined in the
literature review can be enhanced by positivist structural
analysis.
The conclusion, analysis must incorporate an exploration of
how national culture influences organizing and organization
structure.
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