Computer SoftwareComputer Software
Unit CUnit C
ObjectivesObjectives
Introduce Computer SoftwareIntroduce Computer SoftwareExplain How Computers Interpret Explain How Computers Interpret SoftwareSoftwareExplore Operating SystemsExplore Operating SystemsCompare Operating SystemsCompare Operating SystemsDefine Document Production Define Document Production SoftwareSoftwareDefine Spreadsheet SoftwareDefine Spreadsheet Software
ObjectivesObjectives
Define Data Management SoftwareDefine Data Management Software
Define Graphics SoftwareDefine Graphics Software
Define Business and Science Define Business and Science SoftwareSoftware
Define Entertainment and Define Entertainment and Education SoftwareEducation Software
Understand Licenses and Understand Licenses and CopyrightsCopyrights
Software CategoriesSoftware Categories
System SoftwareSystem Software
Application SoftwareApplication Software
System SoftwareSystem Software
Operating Operating SystemsSystems
Device Device DriversDrivers UtilitiesUtilities ProgrammingProgramming
LanguagesLanguages
DOSDOS
WindowsWindows
LinuxLinux
UNIXUNIX
Mac OSMac OS
Application SoftwareApplication Software
DocumentDocumentProductionProduction
SpreadsheetSpreadsheetSoftwareSoftware
AccountingAccounting& Finance& Finance
MathematicalMathematicalModelingModeling
StatisticalStatistical
EntertainmentEntertainment
DataDataManagementManagement
GraphicsGraphics
MusicMusic
VideoVideo EducationalEducational
ReferenceReference
Software TopicsSoftware Topics
Computer programComputer program– main executable program (.exe)main executable program (.exe)
Support module Support module – called by the program (.dll)called by the program (.dll)
Data module Data module – Example: a dictionary file or a file that is Example: a dictionary file or a file that is
not supplied by the usernot supplied by the user
How Computers Interpret How Computers Interpret SoftwareSoftware
Computer languagesComputer languages– Source codeSource code– High-level languages: COBOL, C++, JavaHigh-level languages: COBOL, C++, Java
Machine languageMachine languageCompilerCompiler– Creates object code in single batchCreates object code in single batch
InterpreterInterpreter– Converts one instruction at a timeConverts one instruction at a time– Common with web-based scripts (part of web Common with web-based scripts (part of web
page)page)
Operating SystemsOperating Systems
Interacts with application software, Interacts with application software, device drivers & hardware to manage device drivers & hardware to manage computers resourcescomputers resources
MultitaskingMultitasking
CTRL-ALT-DEL CTRL-ALT-DEL
GUI GUI – graphical user interfacegraphical user interface
UtilitiesUtilities
Operating System CategoriesOperating System Categories
Single user:Single user: PCs and handhelds PCs and handhelds
Multi-user:Multi-user: mainframes or mainframes or centralized computer processingcentralized computer processing
Network/Server:Network/Server: serves as router to serves as router to local computer processinglocal computer processing
Desktop:Desktop: desktop or notebook PC; desktop or notebook PC; single-user, but could handle single-user, but could handle networkingnetworking
Operating SystemsOperating Systems
Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows – 80% of PCs80% of PCs
Mac OSMac OS
UNIX UNIX – dependable in multi-user dependable in multi-user
environmentenvironment
Linux Linux – free; good for web serversfree; good for web servers
DOSDOS
Document Production SoftwareDocument Production Software
Use to compose, edit, Use to compose, edit, design, print or design, print or electronically publish electronically publish documentsdocumentsTypesTypes– Word processing (Word)Word processing (Word)– Desktop publishing Desktop publishing
(PageMaker)(PageMaker)– Web authoring (Front Page)Web authoring (Front Page)
Document Production ElementsDocument Production Elements
FormattingFormatting
Page LayoutPage Layout
Headers/FootersHeaders/Footers
ClipartClipart
TablesTables
FramesFrames
Spell checkSpell check
Word wrapWord wrap
MarginsMargins
StylesStyles
Spreadsheet SoftwareSpreadsheet Software
Use for numerical calculations and Use for numerical calculations and graphsgraphs
Rows and columns Rows and columns
Worksheet, cell, cell referencesWorksheet, cell, cell references
Cells can containCells can contain– ValuesValues– LabelsLabels– FunctionsFunctions– FormulasFormulas
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
Spreadsheet SoftwareSpreadsheet Software
Formulas vs. functionsFormulas vs. functions
Relative vs. absolute cell Relative vs. absolute cell referencingreferencing
Automatic recalculationAutomatic recalculation
TemplatesTemplates
What-if analysisWhat-if analysis
Data Management SoftwareData Management Software
Use to store, find, organize, Use to store, find, organize, update and report informationupdate and report information
File management softwareFile management software– Structured or flat file Structured or flat file – A record contains multiple fieldsA record contains multiple fields
Data Management SoftwareData Management Software
Database Management Software Database Management Software (DBMS)(DBMS)– Database (collection of related files)Database (collection of related files)– Relational (tables with records & fields)Relational (tables with records & fields)– Object-oriented (records manipulated using Object-oriented (records manipulated using
methods)methods)
File structureFile structure– Fields and data typesFields and data types
SQL (Structured Query Language)SQL (Structured Query Language)– Natural query languageNatural query language– Query by example (QBE)Query by example (QBE)
Graphics SoftwareGraphics Software
Use to create, display, modify, Use to create, display, modify, manipulate and print graphicsmanipulate and print graphicsPaint software:Paint software: realistic art and realistic art and photosphotosPhoto Editing software:Photo Editing software: simplifies simplifies common editing taskscommon editing tasksDrawing software:Drawing software: uses vector uses vector figures & shapes to create “cartoon-figures & shapes to create “cartoon-like” images.like” images.
Graphics SoftwareGraphics Software
3-D Graphics software:3-D Graphics software: create wireframes and then create wireframes and then cover with a texturecover with a textureCAD (computer-aided CAD (computer-aided design):design): 3-D software 3-D software designed for architects and designed for architects and engineersengineersPresentation software:Presentation software: creates electronic slides like creates electronic slides like thesethese
Business SoftwareBusiness Software
Accounting & FinanceAccounting & Finance– Personal financePersonal finance– Tax preparationTax preparation– Small business accountingSmall business accounting
Vertical MarketVertical Market– Hospitals, construction, schoolsHospitals, construction, schools
Horizontal MarketHorizontal Market– Generic like payrollGeneric like payroll– Project managementProject management
GroupwareGroupware– Help collaboration on group projectsHelp collaboration on group projects
Science SoftwareScience Software
Statistical/graphing softwareStatistical/graphing software
Mathematical modeling softwareMathematical modeling software– Math CADMath CAD
Entertainment SoftwareEntertainment Software
Audio editing (sound recorder)Audio editing (sound recorder)
GamesGames
MP3 playerMP3 player
Video editing (Adobe Premiere)Video editing (Adobe Premiere)
MusicMusic•Ear trainingEar training
•NotationNotation•Computer-aided musicComputer-aided music
•MIDI sequencingMIDI sequencing
Educational SoftwareEducational Software
Learn and practice new skillsLearn and practice new skills– ArithmeticArithmetic– ReadingReading– LanguagesLanguages– TypingTyping– SATSAT
Reference software (CD-ROMs)Reference software (CD-ROMs)
License vs. CopyrightLicense vs. Copyright
Software License:Software License: a legal contract that a legal contract that defines the ways in which you may use defines the ways in which you may use a computer program.a computer program.Copyright:Copyright: a form of legal protection that a form of legal protection that grants the author of an original work an grants the author of an original work an exclusive right to copy, distribute, sell exclusive right to copy, distribute, sell and modify that work.and modify that work.Software piracySoftware piracyFor contract to take effect:For contract to take effect:– Open a shrink-wrap license productOpen a shrink-wrap license product– Agree to an installation agreementAgree to an installation agreement
Types of Copyright ProtectionsTypes of Copyright Protections
Shareware:Shareware: try before you try before you buy on the honor systembuy on the honor systemFreeware:Freeware: no fee - can use, no fee - can use, but not alter or sellbut not alter or sellOpen Source:Open Source: uncompiled uncompiled source code that can be source code that can be changed - sold or freechanged - sold or freePublic Domain:Public Domain: can be can be copied, altered and resoldcopied, altered and resold
Tech Talk: Installing SoftwareTech Talk: Installing Software
System requirementsSystem requirements– Operating system and minimum hardware Operating system and minimum hardware
capacitiescapacities
Steps (setup.exe)Steps (setup.exe)– Copy files to hard driveCopy files to hard drive– Uncompress if necessary (Win Zip)Uncompress if necessary (Win Zip)– Verify system requirements metVerify system requirements met– Select appropriate device driversSelect appropriate device drivers– Necessary system files/players (Media Player)Necessary system files/players (Media Player)– Update registry and program menu Update registry and program menu
Uninstall routine or Windows Uninstall routine or Windows Add/Remove programsAdd/Remove programs
IssueIssue
Is Privacy Is Privacy a Problem?a Problem?
Computer SoftwareComputer Software
EndEnd