Chapter 6: Medieval Europe
The Early Middle AgesFeudalismKingdoms and CrusadesThe Church and SocietyThe Late Middle Ages
Europe in the 600’sEurope in the 600’s
The Early Middle Ages
After the fall of Rome, came a period called the Middle Ages, or Medieval times
It is a fitting name for the period that lies between ancient and modern times
Geography influenced where medieval Europeans settled and what they did
The Franks, Angles, and Saxons of Western Europe built new societies and defended them against Muslims, Magyars, and Vikings
The Catholic Church spread Christianity through Western Europe
Feudalism
The Vikings, and other groups of barbarians, spread fear and destruction throughout Europe
During the Middle Ages, people looked to nobles to protect them
Feudalism developed in Europe in the Middle Ages Feudalism was based on landowning, loyalty and
the power of armored knights on horseback Knights followed a code of chivalry and lived in
castles, while peasants lived in simple houses and worked hard all year long
Increased trade led to growth of towns and cities and the rise of guilds and city governments
FeudalismFeudalismA political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military service
The Road to KnighthoodThe Road to Knighthood
KNIGHT
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A Medieval CastleA Medieval Castle
Parts of a Medieval CastleParts of a Medieval Castle
The Medieval ManorThe Medieval Manor
Life on the Medieval ManorLife on the Medieval Manor
SerfsSerfs at work at work
The Pope Crowned Charlemagne (Charles the The Pope Crowned Charlemagne (Charles the Great) The Holy Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800Great) The Holy Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800This officially created a new Roman EmpireThis officially created a new Roman Empire
Charlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s Empire
Kingdoms and Crusades
England developed a system in which the king’s power was limited by Parliament
French kings called the Capetians conquered lands held by the English in western France and set up France’s first parliament
After Mongols destoyed the Kievan state, the rulers of Moscow built a new Russian state
Crusaders from Europe captured Jerusalem but were later driven out by the Muslims
The Church and Society
Kings and popes had a powerful effect on the lives of medieval people, as did religion
Religion helped to shape the culture of Medieval Europe
The Catholic Church played an important role in medieval Europe and used its power to uphold its teachings
Church and government leaders supported learning and the arts in medieval Europe
The Late Middle Ages
A terrible plague, known as the Black Death, swept through Europe in the 1300’s, killing millions
Western Europe was devastated by war in the 1300’s and 1400’s, as England and France fought each other and Spain and Portugal fought against the Muslims