NATIVE PEOPLES OF AMERICA, TO 15001. How did environmental change shape the
transition from Paleo-Indian to Archaic
ways of life?
2. What were the principle differences
among the Native American cultures that
emerged after 2500 B.C.?
3. What significant values and practices did
North American Indians share, despite their diversity?
C H A P T E R 1
The First Americans,
c. 13,000 – 2500 BC
Peopling New Worlds
Land Bridge
MEGAFAUNA!!!
Reciprocity
Paleo-Indian
The First Americans,
c. 13,000 – 2500 BC
Archaic SocietiesAs the temperature warmed, Native Americans began
to establish permanent villages
They created gender roles for hunting and gathering
The First Americans,
c. 13,000 – 2500 BC
Archaic Societies
Was there any kind of stigma for being a gatherer rather than a hunter?
Cultural Diversity,
c. 2,500 B.C.E. – 1500 C.E
Mesoamerica and South America
Mayans (150 B.C.E. – 900 C.E) Aztecs (1100 – 1522) Inca ( 15,000 B.C.E. - 1530s)
Cultural Diversity,
c. 2,500 B.C.E. – 1500 C.E
The Southwest
Hohokam (1 – 1450) Anasazi (1 – 1300)
What most likely caused the downfall of these civilizations?
DROUGHT!
The Southwest then became populated
by the non-farming Apaches and
Navajos
Cultural Diversity,
c. 2,500 B.C.E. – 1500 C.E
The Eastern WoodlandsCahokia
Cultural Diversity,
c. 2,500 B.C.E. – 1500 C.E
Non-farming Societies
Pacific Coast California
Alaskan Harpoon
Great Plains
North American Peoples on
the Eve of European Contact
Kinship and Gender• Many Native Americans lived in extended families
“Fighting was more for pastime than for
conquering and subduing enemies”