Ch. 10 – Word Ch. 10 – Word IdentificationIdentificationCh. 10 – Word Ch. 10 – Word IdentificationIdentification
Short VowelsShort Vowels
Onsets & RimesOnsets & Rimes
Consonant Clusters & Consonant Clusters & DigraphsDigraphs
Long VowelsLong Vowels
R-Controlled VowelsR-Controlled Vowels
Special Vowel CombinationsSpecial Vowel Combinations
Phonic GeneralizationsPhonic Generalizations
Short Vowels• After consonants are taught• Before long vowels• Most first words are c-v-c
Short Vowels
• How to teach? – Direct practice– Connected Text
Reading•Decodable books Reading A-Z
Onsets and Rimes• Onsets: the part of the syllable
that comes before the vowel• Rimes: AKA phonograms or word
families• Provides strategy for identifying
unknown words
Onsets and Rimes- Consonant Substitution
Onsets & Rimes- Games
• Tic-Tac-Toe• Hink Pinks• Make a Crazy Story
Make a Crazy Story
• Mary went for a walk with her cat bat. They sat in the park for awhile and played with a small tall dog.
Consonant ClustersConsonant Diagraphs
Clusters & Digraphs Activities
• Word sorts• Group-Response Activity
“She wore braces now her teeth are __He is not weak, he is ___”
Long Vowel Sounds• Easier to learn• Sounds like the name• Same teaching strategies as Short
Vowels• Writing
R-Controlled Vowels• When a vowel is followed by an R• Hard to learn • Many variations for same sound• How to teach?
- Read stories- Matching activity (hands-on)
R-controlled Vowels
Special Vowel Combos
Special Vowel Combinations
• Dipthong: gliding sound• Digraph: 2 vowels make 1 sound• Not taught as separate categories,
but fall under Special Vowel Combinations– Infrequent and/or too many
exceptions
Important Special Vowel Combinations
• AU -OI -OY -OO -OU
Phonic Generalizations
Teach after basics Obviously aids reading fluencyProvide opportunities
Memorize vs. Internalize
Phonic Generalizations
• Common Vowel– Short vowels between 2 consonants
• 71%
– When 2 vowels are together the first one does the talking
• 34%
– Silent e at the end means a long vowel before
• 57%
Phonic Generalizations
• Can you think of any?
Phonic Generalizations
• Obstacles– Prompting– Many exceptions to the rules
•“get” “friend” “way” “sew” “bread”
– Can you think of any?
Phonic Generalizations
• Help with Onsets and Rimes• “The human brain appears to
have greater facility for detecting patterns than for applying rules”
Phonic Myths
• Direct –Practice activities are good enough
• Middle & High School will never get it
• It’s for bright students only
• It’s the only way to teach reading