Animal Cells
• Cell membrane;
• Cytoplasm;
• Nucleus;
Vegetal Cells
• Cell membrane;• Cytoplasm;• Nucleus;• Chloroplast;• Vacuole;• Cell wall.
SPECIALISED CELLS OF ANIMAL
• Red blood cells;
• Nerve cells;
• Female reproductive cells (egg cells);
• Male reproductive cells (sperm cells);
Red blood cells:
Function:• To carry oxygen;
• Large surface area;
• Haemoglobin.
Nerve cells:
Functions:• To carry nerve
impulses;• Long connections at
each end;• To carry electrical
signals.
Female reproductive cells (egg cells):
Functions: • To join with male cell;
• They contains lots of cytoplasm.
Male reproductive cells (sperm cells):
Functions:• To reach female cell
and join with it; • Long tail for
swimming;• head for getting into
the female cell.
SPECIALISED CELLS OF PLANTS
• Root hair cells;
• Leaf cells.
Root hair cells:
Functions:• To absorb water and
minerals; • Large surface area.
Leaf cells:
Functions:• To absorb sunlight for
photosynthesis;
• Large surface area;
• Lots of chloroplasts.
DIFFUSION
Diffusion
Dissolved substances have to pass through the cell membrane to get into or out of a cell.
From a high to a low concentration (concentration gradient ).
OSMOSIS
Osmosis is the movement of water from a less concentrated solution to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane.
Concentration is the same.