Business Driven Technology
Unit 2
Exploring Business Intelligence
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Unit TwoO Chapter Six – Valuing
Organizational Information
O Chapter Seven – Storing Organizational Information – Databases
O Chapter Eight – Accessing Organizational Information – Data Warehouse
Chapter 7
Storing Organizational Information—Databases
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LEARNING OUTCOMES1. Describe a database, a database
management system, and the relational database model
2. Identify the business advantages of a relational database
3. Explain the business benefits of a data-driven website
4. Explain why an organization would want to integrate its database
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STORING INFORMATION IN A RELATIONAL DATABASE
O Information is everywhere in an organization
O Information is stored in databases
O Database – maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses)
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STORING INFORMATION IN A RELATIONAL DATABASE
O Database management systems (DBMS) –Allows users to create, read, update, and delete data in a relational database
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STORING INFORMATION IN A RELATIONAL DATABASE
O Data element – The smallest or basic unit of information
O Data model – Logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements using graphics or pictures
O Metadata – Provides details about data
O Data dictionary – Compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model
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Storing Data Elements in Entities and Attributes
O Entity – A person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored
O The rows in a table contain entities
O Attribute (field, column) – The data elements associated with an entity
O The columns in each table contain the attributes
O Record – A collection of related data elements
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Creating Relationships Through Keys
O Primary keys and foreign keys identify the various entities (tables) in the databaseO Primary key – A field (or group
of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table
O Foreign key – A primary key of one table that appears an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables
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Keys and Relationships
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USING A RELATIONAL DATABASE FOR BUSINESS
ADVANTAGES
O Database advantages from a business perspective include
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Increased FlexibilityOA well-designed database
shouldO Handle changes quickly and
easilyO Provide users with different
viewsO Have only one physical view
O Physical view – Deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device
O Have multiple logical viewsO Logical view – Focuses on how
individual users logically access information to meet their own particular business needs
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Increased Scalability and Performance
O A database must scale to meet increased demand, while maintaining acceptable performance levelsO Scalability – Refers to how well
a system can adapt to increased demands
O Performance – Measures how quickly a system performs a certain process or transaction
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Reduced Information Redundancy
ODatabases reduce information redundancy
O Information redundancy – The duplication of data or storing the same information in multiple places
O Inconsistency is one of the primary problems with redundant information
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Increase Information Integrity (Quality)
OInformation integrity – measures the quality of information
OIntegrity constraint – rules that help ensure the quality of information
O Relational integrity constraint
O Business-critical integrity constraint
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Increased Information Security
O Information is an organizational asset and must be protected
ODatabases offer several security features
O Password – Provides authentication of the user
O Access level – Determines who has access to the different types of information
O Access control – Determines types of user access, such as read-only access
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DRIVING WEBSITES WITH DATA
O Data-driven websites – An interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers using a database
O Content creatorO Content editorO Static informationO Dynamic informationO Dynamic catalog
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DRIVING WEBSITES WITH DATA
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DRIVING WEBSITES WITH DATA
O Data-driven website advantages
O Easy to manage content
O Easy to store large amounts of data
O Easy to eliminate human errors
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DRIVING WEBSITES WITH DATA
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Integrating Information among Multiple Databases
O Integration – allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other
O Forward integration – takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes
O Backward integration – takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes
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Integrating Information among Multiple
DatabasesO Forward integration
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Integrating Information among Multiple
DatabasesO Backward integration
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Integrating Information among Multiple
DatabasesO Building a central repository
specifically for integrated information
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LEARNING OUTCOME REVIEW
O Now that you have finished the chapter please review the learning outcomes in your text
