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TITLE:
SENTENCE ANALYSIS
COURSE:
BIL3013 ENGLISH GRAMMAR
NAME: ASMIRA BINTI MOHD RIDZUAN NYANGEDMATRICS ID: D20141066612
ID NUMBER: 951104-13-5692
SEMESTER: SEMESTER 1 2014/2015
GROUP: GROUP A
LECTURER: AP D A!"#$ H%$&' I!%(&'
Analysing sentence
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1. There was a wooden fence around Kino’s house.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes Wooden ,Kino’s ‘s-posessie pronouns
Words There-!der"Was-copu#a "e er"Wooden-nounFence-noun!round-prepositiona#Kino’s house- noun
$hrases a wooden fence-noun
phrasearound Kino’s house-
prepositiona# phrase%#auses
&entences There'"e'($'$$$atterns) There was a "ro*en ase in +ana’s room.
. n the other side of the fence, there were some more houses.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes were
+ouses
-past tense of
‘are’-to show p#ura#
Words n the other side of- prepositionFence-noun
There- ader"Were-copu#a "e er"&ome-indenitesMore-adectie+ouses-nouns
$hrases n the other side of the fence-
prepositiona# phrase some more houses-noun phrase
%#auses&entences There'"e'($'$$$atterns) n the other side of the house,there were some more trees.
0. &mo*e came from these houses and Kino cou#d hear peop#e hain "rea*fast.
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Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes camehouses"rea*fast
-past tense form
of come-to show p#ura#
Words &mo*e- noun%ame- er"2past tense3From-preposition
These-pronouns+ouses- noun!nd-conunctionKino- noun%ou#d-moda# er"
+ear-er"+ain "rea*fast- au4i#iar5 hae
$hrases from these houses 6prepositiona#
phrase
cou#d hear peop#e- er" phrase
hain "rea*fast-er" phrase
%#auses &mo*e came from these houses-
independent c#ause
Kino cou#d hear peop#e hain"rea*fast- independent c#ause
&entences &'7'$$'$redicate$atterns) Dust came from those factories and Farid cou#d see peop#e are sti##
wor*in.8. 9ut these sounds were not #i*e the sounds in Kino’s house.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes &oundsWereKino’s
-2s3 shows p#ura#- past tense of
‘are’-2‘s3 to show
possessie
pronouns
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Words 9ut-conunction These-pronouns &ounds-noun Were-er" (ot- ader":i*e-preposition
The-artic#e2determiner3 &ounds-noun ;n-preposition Kino’s-noun +ouse-noun
$hrases #i*e the sounds-prepositiona#
phrase in Kino’s house-prepositiona#
phrase%#auses&entences ($'7'$$'$$
$atterns) These houses were not #i*e the houses in
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?. The mornin air was not so co#d now and Kino pu##ed the "#an*et from his
face.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes Was,pu##ed -to show past
tense
Words The-artic#e Mornin-nounair-noun was-copu#a er" not- ader" so-ader" co#d-adectie
now-ader"and-conunction Kino-noun $u##ed- er"
The-artic#es 9#an*et-noun From- prepositionhis-possessie pronouns face-noun
$hrases The mornin air 6(oun phrasewas not so co#d now-er" phrase
pu##ed the "#an*et-er" phrase from his face-prepositiona# phrase
%#auses The mornin air was not so co#d
now-independent c#auseKino pu##ed the "#an*et from his
face- independent c#ause&entences &'7$'$$'$redicate
$attern) The niht air was not so co#d now and !ini opened the window "eside
her.@. Kino was 5oun and stron.
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Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes Was -to show past
tenseWords Kino - noun
Was-er" Aoun-adecties !nd-conunctions &tron-adecties
$hrases Aoun and stron-adectia#
phrase%#auses Kino was 5oun-independent
c#ause
&entences &'7'!d$
$attern) Dar5# was cute and ta##.
B. +is "#ac* hair hun down oer his "rown forehead.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes +un -past tense of
‘han’
Words +is-possessie pronouns 9#ac*-adectie +air-noun +un-er" Down- er-preposition +is-possessie pronouns 9rown-adectie Forehead-nouns
$hrases +is "#ac* hair-(oun phrase hun down-er" phrase oer his "rown forehead-
prepositiona# phrase
%#auses
&entences &'7'$$
$attern) +is "#ac* ac*et hun down oer his shou#der.
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C. +e had hard, "riht e5es and a thin, stron moustache.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes +ad -past tense of
haeWords +e-noun
+ad-copu#a er"+ard-adectie
9riht-adectie >5es-noun !nd-conunction !-artic#e Thin-adectie &tron-adectie
Moustache-noun
$hrases +e 6(oun phrasehad 6 er" phrasehard, "riht e5es-adectia# phraseand a-noun phrase thin, stron moustache-adectia#
phrase
%#auses +e had hard, "riht e5es-
independent c#ause a thin, stron moustache-adectia#
phrase&entences &'7'!d$'!d$
$attern) &he has a pair of "#ue e5es and a si#*5 #on hair.1.Ae##ow sun#iht fe## on the house.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes Fe## -past tense of‘fa##’
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Words Ae##ow-adectie
&un#iht-noun
Fe##-er"
n-preposition
The-artic#es
+ouse-noun
$hrases on the house-prepositiona# phrase
%#auses&entences &'7'$$$attern) The white #asses fe## on the Eoor.
11.(ear the wooden fence, two coc*ere#s started to ht.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes Wooden%oc*ere#s&tarted
-su4 ‘-en’-2s3 shows p#ura#-‘ed’ past tense
of ‘start’Words (ear-preposition
The-artic#e Wooden-noun Fence-noun Two-noun %oc*ere#s-noun
&tarted-er" To ht-er" to innit5
$hrases (ear the wooden fence-
prepositiona# phrase two coc*ere#s-noun phrase started to ht-er" phrase
%#auses
&entences ($'7$'$$
$attern) (ear the "ro*en ase, the #asses are scattered.1.Kino watched the coc*ere#s for a moment.
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Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes Watched
%oc*ere#s
-2-ed3 past tense
of watch-2s3 shows p#ura#
Words Kino-noun Watched-er" The-artic#e %oc*ere#s-noun For-preposition a-artic#e moment-noun
$hrases the coc*ere#s-noun phrase for a moment-prepositiona# phrase
%#auses
&entences &'7''$$
$attern) Gico watched the students for a whi#e.10.Then Kino watched some "irds E5in towards the hi##s.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes WatchedF#5in
-2-ed3 past tenseof ‘watch’--2-in3 past
particip#e of ‘E5’Words Then-ader"
Kino-noun
Watched-er"
&ome-determiner
9irds-noun
F#5in-er"
Towards-preposition
The-artic#e
+i##s-noun
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$hrases some "irds E5in-er" phrase
towards the hi##s-prepositiona#
phrase
%#auses&entences &'7'7$'$$
$attern) Then,Ki h heard some oice ta#*in "ehind the wa##s.18.The wor#d was awa*e now.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes Was!wa*e
-past tense of
‘is’-intransitie
er" of ‘wa*e’Words The-artic#es
Wor#d-noun Was-er" !wa*e- (ow-ader"
$hrases The wor#d- noun phraseWas awa*e now-er" phrase
%#auses
&entences &'7$'!d
$attern) The "a"5 was awa*e now.1=.Kino ot up and went into his #itt#e wooden house.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes HotWentWooden
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Words Kino-noun ot up-partic#es and-conunction went-er" into-preposition his-possessie pronouns
#itt#e-determiner wooden-noun house-noun
$hrases ot up-er" phrasewent into his #itt#e wooden house-
er" phrase into his #itt#e wooden house-
prepositiona# phrasehis #itt#e wooden house- noun
phrase
%#auses&entences &'7$'7$'$$'($
$attern) Winnie ot up and went into her "i mansion.1?.
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Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes Hot
%ame
-past tense of
‘et’-past tense of
‘come’Words &he-pronoun
ot up-partic#es
as-conunction
Kino-noun
%ame-er"
Throuh-preposition
The-artic#es2determiner3
Door-noun
$hrases ot up as Kino came- er"
phrase
throuh the door- prepositiona#
phrase
%#auses !s Kino came throuh the door-
su"ordinate c#ause&entences &'7$'$redicate
$attern) +e ot up as &uhana came from the *itchen.1B.
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$hrases put %o5otito "ac*-er" phrase
into his hanin "o4-
prepositiona# phrase
%#auses
&entences &7id
$attern) +on sends !udre5 "ac* to her house.1C.Then she com"ed her "#ac* hair and tied it "ac* with thin, reen ri""on.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes %om"ed Tied
-2-ed3 past
tense of ‘com"’-2-ed3 past
tense of ‘tie’Words Then-ader"s
&he-pronouns
%om"ed-er"
+er-possessie pronouns
9#ac*-adectie
+air-noun
!nd-conunction
Tied-er"
;t-pronoun 9ac*-partic#es
With-preposition
Thin-adectie
Hreen-adectie
Ii""on-noun
$hrases her "#ac* hair-adectia# phrase
tied it "ac*-er" phrase
with thin, reen ri""on-
prepositiona# phrase
%#auses
&entences &'7'!d$'%omp#ement
$attern) Then,he too* his o#d eans and wore it with a "rown #eather "e#t.
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.Kino sat "5 the re and ate a hot corn ca*e.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes &at!te
- $ast tense
of ‘sit’- $ast tense
of ‘eat’Words Kino-nouns
&at-er"
95-preposition
The-artic#es
Fire-noun
!nd-conunction
!te-er" a-artic#es
hot-adectie
corn-noun
ca*e-noun
$hrases "5 the re-preposition phrase
ate a hot corn ca*e-er" phrase
a hot corn ca*e- adectia# phrase%#auses
&entences &'7'$$'7$'!d$
$attern) Mino sat "5 the tree and cared a hue capita# #etter ‘!’.
1.+e on#5 had corn ca*es and mi#* for "rea*fast.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes +ad%a*es
-past tense of
‘hae’-p#ura# of ‘ca*e’
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Words +e-pronounsn#5-ader"+ad- er"%orn-noun%a*es-noun!nd-conunction
Mi#*-nounFor-preposition9rea*fast-innitie er"
$hrases +ad corn ca*es and mi#*-er"
phraseFor "rea*fast-prepositiona# phrase
%#auses
&entences &'7'($'$$
$attern) &he on#5 had eans and shirts for c#asses.
.When Kino had nished eatin,
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$hrases had nished eatin-er" phrase
came "ac*-ader"ia# phrase
to the re-prepositiona# phrase
%#auses When Kino had nished eatin-
su"ordinate c#ause&entences &'7$'$redicate
$atterns) When !hmad had nished oin,he went "ac* to the house.0.&he ate her "rea*fast, too.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes !te -past tense of
‘eat’Words &he-pronouns
!te-er"
+er-possessie pronoun
9rea*fast-noun
Too-ader"s
$hrases ate her "rea*fast-er" phrase
%#auses&entences &'7'
$attern) &he dran* her uice too.8.Kino and
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&entences &'7'!d$
$attern) +ani and +ana were "oth prett5.=.There was no need to ta#*.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes Was -past tense of
‘is’Words There-pronoun
Was-er"(o-determiner(eed-noun
To ta#*-to innitie
$hrases no need to ta#*- noun phrase
%#auses
&entences There'"e'7$
$attern) There was no need to meet.?.The sun was warmin the #itt#e house.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes Was
Warmin
-past tense of
‘is’-2-in3
erundieWords The-artic#es
&un-nounWas-er"Warmin-erund
The-artic#es:itt#e-adectie+ouse-noun
$hrases Warmin he #itt#e house-noun
phrase
%#auses
&entences &'7'
$attern) The moon was #ihtin the dar* [email protected] #iht shone throuh the ho#es in the wa##s.
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Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes &hone
+o#esWa##s
-past tense of
‘shine’-2s3p#ura# of
‘ho#e’-2s3 p#ura# of wa##
Words The-artic#es:iht-noun&hone-er"
Throuh-preposition The-artic#es+o#es-noun;n-preposition
The-artic#es
Wa##s-noun
$hrases Throuh the ho#es- prepositiona#
phrase;n the wa##s-prepositiona# phrase
%#auses
&entences &'7'$$'$$
$attern) The oice echoed throuh the wa##s in the ha##.B.The #iht shone on %o5otito.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes &hone -past tense of
‘shine’Words The-artic#es
:iht-noun&hone-er"n-partic#es%o5otito-noun
$hrases on %o5otito-prepositiona# phrase
%#auses&entences &7
$attern) The oice echoed in his ear.C.%o5otito was in his hanin "o4.
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Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes Was
+anin
-past tense of
‘is’-2-in3
erundieWords %o5otito-(oun
Was-er";n-preposition+is-possessie pronoun+anin-erunds9o4-noun
$hrases ;n his hanin "o4- prepositiona#
phrase
%#auses&entences &'7'$$
$attern) +i#ar5 was in her car.0.&omethin moed on one of the ropes.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes MoedIopes
-2-ed3past tense
of ‘moe’
-2s3 p#ura# of‘rope’
Words &omethin-nounMoed-er"n-partic#esne-num"erf-preposition
The-artic#esIopes-noun
$hrases n one of the ropes- prepositiona#
phrase%#auses
&entences &'7'$$$attern) &omethin wa#*ed in the dar*.
01.Kino and
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Morphemes &tood:oo*ed
-past tense of
‘stand’-past tense of
‘#oo*’Words Kino-noun
!nd-conunction
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9ehind-ader"
$hrases Was comin s#ow#5-er" phraseDown the rope-ader"ia# phrase&traiht out "ehind-ader"ia#
phrase
%#auses&entences &'7'!d$'%omp#ement
$attern) ! cat was comin down s#ow#5 down the stairs and its tai# was
straiht out "ehind.00.! scorpion’s tai# has a stin in the end, a stin that *i##s.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes &corpion’sKi##s
-2‘s3 shows
possessie
pronouns-2s3 present
tense of ‘*i##’Words !-artic#es
scorpion’s-noun
tai#-noun has-er" a-artic#es stin-noun in-preposition the-artic#es end-noun a-artic#es stin-noun that-ader" *i##s-er"
$hrases ! scorpion’s tai#-noun phrase has a stin-er" phrase in the end-prepositiona# phrase a stin that *i##s-noun phrase
%#auses
&entences &'7'$$'($
$attern) ! do’s tai# has a fur.08.The tai# can "end oer the scorpion’s head, when it wants to stin some"od5.
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Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes &corpion’s
Wants
-2‘s3 possessie
pronouns-2s3simp#e
present tense of
‘want’
Words The-artic#es Tai#-noun %an-au4i#iar5 er" 9end-er" er-preposition The-artic#es scorpion’s-noun
head-noun when-conunction it-pronouns wants-er" to stin-to innitie some"od5-noun
$hrases oer the scorpion’s head-
prepositiona# phrase when it wants-er" phrase to stin some"od5-innitie
phrase
%#auses When it wants to stin some"od5-
su"ordinate c#ause
&entences &'7'$$'%omp#ement
$attern) The tai# can row after it has "een chopped.0=.Kino was "reathin #oud#5 throuh his nose, so he opened his mouth to stop
the noise.
Units/Dimensions Forms Functions
Morphemes 9reathin:oud#5pened
-2-in3 past
particip#e of
‘"reathe’-2-#53 su4
chanes
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adectie
‘#oud’ to
ader"-2-ed3 past
tense of ‘open’
Words Kino- nounWas-er" "e 9reathin-er" :oud#5-ader" Throuh-preposition +is-possessie pronouns (ose- noun&o-conunctions +e-pronouns pened-er" +is-possessie pronouns Mouth-noun
To stop- to innitie The-artic#es (oise-noun
$hrases was "reathin #oud#5- ader"ia#
phrasethrouh his nose-prepositiona#
phrase opened his mouth-er" phrase to stop the noise-innitie
phrase
%#auses&entences &'7'$$'%omp#ement
$attern) +er mother was ta#*in #oud#5 throuh the phone so she #owered
down the o#ume to s#ow down the noise.
QUESTIONS
1. There was a wooden fence around Kino’s house.- ;s there a wooden fence around Kino’s houseL- There was a wooden fence around Kino’s house, isn’t itL- What does Kino hae around his houseL
. n the other side of the fence, there were some more houses.
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- !re there an5 more houses on the other side of the fenceL- There were some more houses on the other side of the fences, aren’t
the5L- What are there on the other side of the fenceL
0. &mo*e came from these houses and Kino cou#d hear peop#e hain "rea*fast.- ;s there smo*e comin from those houses and cou#d Kino hear the peop#e
hain "rea*fastL- &mo*e came from these houses and Kino cou#d hear peop#e hain
"rea*fast, doesn’t heL- What came from these houses and what does Kino hearL
8. 9ut these sounds were not #i*e the sounds in Kino’s house.- Do those sounds #i*e the sounds in Kino’s houseL- These sounds were not #i*e the sounds in Kino’s house, don’t the5L- What were those sounds #i*eL
=. +is neih"ors’ wies were not #i*e
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- Did Kino watch the coc*ere#sL- Kino watched the coc*ere#s for a moment, didn’t heL- What did Kino doL
10.Then Kino watched some "irds E5in towards the hi##s.- Did Kino watch some "irds E5in towards the hi##sL
- Kino watched some "irds E5in towards the hi##s, didn’t heL- Where did Kino watch the "irds E5in toL
18.The wor#d was awa*e now.- ;s the wor#d awa*e nowL- The wor#d was awa*e now, isn’t itL- What was awa*eL
1=.Kino ot up and went into his #itt#e wooden house.- Did Kino et up and went into his #itt#e wooden houseL- Kino ot up and went into his #itt#e wooden house, didn’t heL- What did Kino do and where did he o toL
1?.
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- What did
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- +ow does the tai# #oo*s #i*e when it wants to stin some"od5L0=.Kino was "reathin #oud#5 throuh his nose, so he opened his mouth to stop
the noise.- Does Kino open his mouth to stop the noiseL- Kino was "reathin #oud#5 throuh his nose, so he opened his mouth to
stop the noise, didn’t heL- Wh5 does Kino opened his mouthL