This ClassThis Class
Investigation into ID–Models– Case Studies
Access to Internet/WWW–Web Resources– Communication– Case Study Review
Class TopicsClass Topics
Define IDCreate a Theoretical Basis for ID
Theories and ModelsApply ID Theories and Models
Class AssignmentsClass Assignments
Class Activities and ParticipationPaper– Class Topic– Theoretical, with Application Examples
Short Discussions (2)Individual Difference StudyCase Study (Group)
Text and ResourcesText and Resources
Gustafson & Branch: Survey of Instructional Development Models
Ertmer & Quinn: The ID CaseBookWeb Resources
Saturday ClassesSaturday Classes
Case Analysis and Report– Case 1: Group Practice and Individual
Response to Threaded Discussion (Date TBA)
– Case 2: Group Report to KLR by 4/27
For Next WeekFor Next Week
Send Dr. Rasmussen an e-mailLocate the Web SiteSubscribe to the listservChoose an Individual Difference
1986 Definition1986 Definition
science of creating detailed specifications for the development, evaluation, and maintenance of situations which facilitate the learning of both large and small units of subject matter
AECT, 1986
1994 Definition1994 Definition
theory and practice of design, development, utilization, management, and evaluation of processes and resources for learning
Seels & Richey, 1994
Theoretical Basis of IDTheoretical Basis of ID
Systems TheoryCommunication TheoryInstructional TheoryLearning Theory
What is a Theory?What is a Theory?
set of related propositions
suggest why events occur
propositions consist of concepts, linkages, or relationships
Purposes of TheoriesPurposes of Theories
provide patterns for interpretationlink studies togethersupply frameworks where concepts
and variables develop significancepermit interpretation of larger
meanings of findingsprovide structure for interpretationultimate role: Prediction
What is a Model?What is a Model?
representation of realityphysicalvisualsymbolic (using verbal descriptions)flowcharts, simulations
General Systems TheoryGeneral Systems Theory
orderedmade up of many components and
processesrelationships between various elementsrelationships between attributes of elementscomplete wholeopen, closed, natural, or contrivedhierarchical (suprasystem, subsystem)structure determines function
Communications TheoryCommunications Theory
information passed from one place to another
open systems
Transmission ModelTransmission Model
SourceSends Message
EncodesTransmits
Channel
ReceiverAccepts Message
DecodesDetermines Meaning
NoiseField of Experience Field of Experience
Environment
Behaviorist - ImplicationsBehaviorist - Implications
Reinforcement; MotivationRetentionTransferLearner Performance
Cognitivist - Implications for IDCognitivist - Implications for ID
promotion of retention–practice
techniques for encoding, storing, retrieving–chunking–mnemonics–meaningful organization–advance organizers
Constructivist - Implications for IDConstructivist - Implications for ID
Discovery LearningStudent-generated goalsHigh-level problem solvingIll-structured domains
Instructional ModelsInstructional Models
PrescriptiveDescriptivehelp determine “how” to createSmith & Ragan, Dick & Carey, Gagné,
CDT, Layers of Necessity, Elaboration Theory, ARCS, ADDIE
Core Elements for Systematic Core Elements for Systematic DesignDesigndetermine learner needsdetermine goals and objectivesconstruct assessment proceduresdesign/select delivery approachestry-out instructional systeminstall and maintain system
What are Domains/TaxonomiesWhat are Domains/Taxonomies
Classification schemes– ID (Seels & Richey)– Learning Outcome Taxonomies• Gagné• Bloom
Domains of ID (Seels & Richey)Domains of ID (Seels & Richey)
DesignDevelopmentUtilizationManagementEvaluation
Domains of IDDomains of ID
DevelopmentPrint TechnologiesAudiovisual TechnologiesComputer-based TechnologiesIntegrated Technologies
Domains of IDDomains of ID
UtilizationMedia UtilizationDiffusion of InnovationsImplementation and
InstitutionalizationPolicies and Regulations
Domains of IDDomains of ID
ManagementProject ManagementResource ManagementDelivery System ManagementInformation Management
Domains of IDDomains of ID
EvaluationProblem AnalysisCriterion-Referenced MeasurementFormative EvaluationSummative Evaluation
Learning Outcome TaxonomiesLearning Outcome Taxonomies
Gagné– Verbal Information– Cognitive Strategies– Attitudes– Psychomotor Skills– Intellectual Skills• Discrimination, Concrete Concept, Defined
Concept, Rule, Higher-Order Rule
Learning Outcome TaxonomiesLearning Outcome Taxonomies
Bloom - Cognitive– Recall– Comprehension– Application– Analysis– Synthesis– Evaluation