Stability & Change
Stability & Change
BIG 5
•Big five factors of personality
BIG 5
•Openness to experience
•Conscientiousness
• Extraversion
•Agreeableness
•Neuroticism
Openness
•Variation vs Familiar Routine
•Curious vs Cautious
Openness
•Relationship with social attitudes (ethnocentrism, prejudice)
Conscientiousness
•Organized vs Disorganized
•Disciplined vs Impulsive
Conscientiousness
•Relationship with academic and work place performance
Extraversion
• Extrovert vs Introvert
Extraversion
•Ambiversion
Agreeableness
•Compassionate vs Cold
•Cooperative vs uncooperative
• Trusting vs Suspicious
Neuroticism
• Tendency to experience negative
emotion
Neuroticism
•Anxious vs Calm
• Insecure vs Secure
•Relationship with psychopathology
Stability vs Change
•Debate
Debate Topic
•Development during middle
adulthood is characterized by
stability rather than change.
Longitudinal Studies
•Costa and McCrae
•Barkeley
•Helson
•George Vaillant
Costa & McCrae
• Early research = stability
•Recent research = changes
Costa & McCrae
•Changed the most = early adulthood
& late adulthood
• “CEAN” predicted health outcomes
• “O” related to cognitive functioning
Costa & McCrae
• “C” related to college student’s GPA
• “A” related to romantic relationship
satisfaction
Berkeley
• Some characteristics were more
stable than others
Berkeley
•Most stable = intellectually oriented,
self confident and openness
•Changed the most = nurturing or
hostile, self control level
Helson
• Sample = 132 women
•3 groups:
Helson
1. Family Oriented
2. Career Oriented
3. Neither one
•Midlife consciousness
George Vaillant
•Wealth & Income happiness in old
age
•Generativity enduring and happy
marriage