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3D Weaving
and3D Woven Structures
Dr Xiaogang Chen
School of MaterialsThe University of Manchester
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Applications?
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Applications
The main current applications of 3Dwoven fabrics are in composites madefrom textile preforms and in protectiveclothing.
Enterprising companies will findinnovations for other markets.
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Weaving Technology
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Beat-upShedding
Take-up
Let-off
WeftInsertion
The 5 Loom Motions
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Loom Motions and FunctionsMotion Function
Shedding Separate the warp sheet into upper and lower layers, known as a shed, in time for anew pick to be inserted into it to form fabric. The shed formation decides the fabricstructure .
Weft
insertion
Introduce a full length of new pick of the right choice into the shed. There are
different methods for weft insertion.
Beat-up Push the newly inserted pick into the fell (the meeting point of the fabric and thewarp sheet) to form fabric. The movement of the reed carries this out .
Take-up Draw away from fell the fabric formed at such a rate that the fabric will have thepredetermined weft density. This is also to give space for the following pick to bewoven into the fabric .
Let-off Supply the correct amount of warp length from the weaver’s beam into the weavingregion. A constant warp tension level must be kept in order for the weaving processto continue .
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What is 3D Weaving• Definition 1
– Making of fabrics with substantial thickness bylayering
• Definition 2 – Shedding and weft insertion horizontally and
vertically• Our view
Both are true, but different types
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How 3D Fabrics Are Made
• Purpose-made 3D looms – Multi-layer warp ends, shedding inhorizontal direction
– Multi-layer warp ends, shedding in bothhorizontal and vertical directions
• Conventional looms – Solid, Hollow 3D – Flexible and economical
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3D Potentials of Looms• Shedding is very powerful
– Dobby: controls tens of different warp endsthrough the use of heald frames
– Jacquard: controls thousands of warp ends
individually• No limit on weft repeat• Freedom in warp supply
– Multi-beam – Creel
• Allows reasonable thickness of fabrics
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Dobby
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Jacquard
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WarpSupply
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Types of 3D Structures
• 3D Solid – Multilayer – Orthogonal
– Angle interlock• 3D Hollow
– Flat Surface – Uneven surface
• 3D Shell – By weave combination – By differential take-up
– By moulding• 3D Nodal
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Solid
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Hollow
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Shell
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Nodal
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TexEng Software Ltd enables you to
design 3D woven fabrics and programtheir weaving machines for their
production.For more details, please send email to: