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Helgeland Landbruksrådgiving27.5.2015Päivi Kainulainen
The Centres for Economic Development,Transport and the Environment Promote regional development by implementing
government initiatives and development tasks in the regions.
Responsibility areas– Business and industry, the labour force, competence
and skills (incl. rural development) – Transport and infrastructure– Environment and natural resources
General administrative steering– Ministry of Employment and the Economy
Steering (rural development)– Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry– Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira– Agency for Rural Affairs
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Rovaniemi
Kemi
Oulu
KajaaniYlivieska
Joensuu
Kokkola
Kuopio
Mikkeli
Lappeenranta
Jyväskylä
Helsinki
Vaasa
Seinäjoki
PoriTampere
Turku Hämeenlinna
Lahti
Kouvola
© Reindeer herders’ Association
Three ELY Centre responsibility areas
Business and industry, the labour force, competence and skills, and cultural activities
Transport and infrastructure
Environment and natural resources
3Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment for Lapland
Customer Relationships
Sanna Kolomainen
CommunicationEeva-Kaarina
Yrjänheikki
StrategyTuija Ohtonen
Business and industry, the labour force and
competence and skills
DirectorPirkko Saarela
Employment, Entrepreneurship, Competence and
Immigration
Fishery
Rural Development and Energy
Transport and Infrastructure
DirectorJaakko Ylinampa
Strategic Planning
Transport Services
Transport System and Planning
Procurement and investments
Environment and Natural
Resources
DirectorTimo Jokelainen
Environmental Protection
Water Resources
Land Use
Nature Conservation
Water Service and Monitoring
Employment and Economic Development Office – Director Marja Perälä
Director GeneralPirkko Saarela
Reindeer husbandry in the EU
The northern parts of Finland and Sweden are the only areas in the European Union where reindeer husbandry is practised.
The reindeer husbandry area in Finland covers 36 % of the total land area, in Sweden 49 % and in Norway 45 %.
Reindeer husbandry requires large areas - wide natural pastures. Reindeers are part of biological diversity of the North.
The whole area is populated: even though the area is sparsely populated, it is not empty.
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Regional Council of Lapland
Reindeer herding area Reindeer herding is practiced via 54 herding cooperatives that
differ in size according to the area and the number of reindeer. They have their own administration headed by a Chief of District.
Reindeer owners are independent entrepreneurs. Each reindeer owner is a shareholder in one of the herding cooperatives.
Cooperatives are members of the Reindeer Herders’ Association.
Reindeer herding act 848/1990
Every citizen of EU can own reindeer in Finland but according to law, you must be officially living at the municipality that is situated at the reindeer management area of Finland.
Reindeer herding may be practiced in the reindeer herding area irrespective of land ownership or possession rights (free grazing right) (3§).
Specifies areas specifically intended for reindeer herding:
“The [State] land in this area may not be used in a manner that may significantly hinder reindeer herding” (2.2§).
“When planning measures concerning State land, which will have a substantial effect on the practice of reindeer herding, the State authorities must consult the representatives of the reindeer herding cooperative in question.” (53§)
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Finnish Reindeer Husbandry in 2014
54 reindeer herding cooperatives
4 464 owners
The maximum number of reindeer is controlled by the state. In 2014 there was 186 776 living reindeer, biggest allowed is 203 700 reindeer.
70 739 slaughtered reindeer
1,7 million kg reindeer meat
4300 reindeer found killed by large predators
Loss of 4 000 reindeer in road traffic accidents yearly
Governmental aid is only 18% of the incomes
Traditionally reindeer herding families have many sources of income
7© Reindeer Herders’ Association
8Source: Reindeer Herders’ Association
Pre-study of the econimics.
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Agriculture in Lapland
Northernmost production in the European Union, special conditions in harsh climate and long distances.
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Picture: Mauri Nieminen
Picture: Mauri Nieminen
Most northern farms in the European Union, Teno River valley
© Ulkoasianministeriö
Picture: Hannu Linjakumpu
Picture: Hannu Linjakumpu
Agriculture in Lapland
Agricultural sales revenue: 97% comes from livestock production of which 78% is from milk production.
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Number of agricultural and horticultural enterprises (farms) by production sector and ELY Centre 2014
ELY CentreCereals production
Other plant production
Greenhouse production
Outdoor1) production
Milk production
Beef production
Other cattle2) husbandry
Pig husbandry
Poultry husbandry
Other grazing3) livestock
Mixed production
Total
Lapland 4 721 21 22 356 145 29 0 0 132 16 1 446
Lapland 0,28 % 49,86 % 1,45 % 1,52 % 24,62 % 10,03 % 2,01 % 0,00 % 0,00 % 9,13 % 1,11 % 100 %
1) Outdoor horticultural production 2) Combined sucler cow production and cattle fattening3) Includes sheep, goat and horse production (reindeer not included)
Production line is the financially most significant production line of an agricultural and horticultural enterprise, calculated using the Standard Output method. If one product accounts for more than two thirds of the farm's total production, this product determines the farm's production line. If no such product can be identified, the farm is categorised as a mixed farm.
Source: Natural Resources Institute Finland, Structure of agricultural and horticultural enterprises
Picture: Hannu Linjakumpu
www.maataloustilastot.fi/en/structure-agricultural-and-horticultural-enterprises-2014_en
Agriculture in Lapland
• Average age (agricultural and horticultural enterprises): 51 years
• Utilized agricultural area 44 289 ha
• Average utilized agricultural area 30,63 ha(Source: Natural Resources Institute Finland, Structure of agricultural and horticultural enterprises)
2015:market price does not cover the cost of production
Lappish agricultural production is based on the ruminants. Field production is almost exclusively grass for the animals. Grass fields has to be regularly renewed in order to provide good quality feed for animals. Winter damages may lead to earlier grass renovation of the average four-year cycle.
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Milk production, liter Liter per producer
2013 2014Change 2013 2014 Change
88 868 904 91 810 532 3,31 % 235 103 255 029 19 926Source:The Central Union of Agricultural Producers and Forest Owners (MTK) for Lapland
Agriculture in Lapland
Startups: Rural Development Program 2007-2013, 2014–2020 (EU and national financing), Objective I Program 2000-2006
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Year Agriculture Reindeer
husbandry 2014 24 202013 8 122012 7 182011 5 142010 9 162009 3 182008 9 52007 18 192006 12 202005 11 112004 12 112003 8 112002 22 62001 27 24
Total 175 205
Agriculture in Lapland Fisheries:
– Commercial coustal fishermen 70: salmon, perch, pike– Commercial inland fishermen 90: whitefish, pike-perch (Southern Lapland), whitefish, pike (Lake inari, reservoirs)
Lapland has the world's largest certified non-agricultural organic area – There has not been used in organic fertilizers or banned pesticides in the last three years– Certified by Finnish Food safety Authority (Evira) – Certified area covers 9 million hectare– Berries, mushrooms and other natural products are collected for food and cosmetic industry
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Toimenpide N Tuki osuusInvestoinnit merialueen kalastusaluksiin 4 4 637 0 %Merialueen pienimuotoinen rannikkokalastus 40 224 762 6 %Merialueen kalasatamainvestoinnit 7 303 605 8 %Hyljesietopalkkiot 142 812 194 22 %Sisävesialukset, mootorikelkat ym. 39 167 585 5 %Sisävesien kalasatama- ja käsittelytilainvestoinnit 24 803 153 22 %Vesiviljelyinvestoinnit 18 151 556 4 %Kalanjalostusinvestoinnit 29 357 574 10 %Uusien markkinoiden ja menekin edistäminen 2 12 115 0 %Kalatalousryhmän toimintakulut ja rahoittamat hankkeet 23 798 829 22 %
328 3 636 012 100 %
Tourism - one of the key industries in Lapland Direct economic
impacts: over 630 M€ and 5 000 jobs.
40 % of all the overnight stays are international.
The average annual growth rate in overnight stays has been 4-5 % with the exception year 2013, when it was negative -2 %.
Strong seasonality is characteristic of tourism in Lapland. Christmas is still the most popular season, summer tourism has also had positive development.
15Note: Only about 1/3 of all the overnight stays are registered.
Source: Regional Council of Lapland
Tourism in Lapland -Main market areas
2014: Russia -22,4 %, UK -1,6 %, Japan -21,1 %, Norway 8,4 % , Sweden 10 % , China 30 % 16Source: Regional Council of Lapland
Santa’s hotel Aurora in Luosto © Regional Council of Lapland
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