CHAPTER 8.5: NERVOUS
SYSTEM
SPINAL CORD INJURIES General paralysis Severe damage to spinal cord Loss feeling from injury down Quadriplegia—lose control of both arms
and legs
SPINAL INJURIES CONT… Paraplegia Lose control of just the legs Repair Impossible naturally No cell division of neurons Trying artificial division Uses stem cells
THE BRAIN About 35 billion neurons About 3 pounds Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Brain floats in this Makes brain light Transports nutrients, neurotransmitters,
and wastes Lumbar puncture—useful in determining
CNS disease Replaced every 8 hours
THE CEREBRUM Largest part of the brain Conscious Thought Intelligence Gray matter—superficial layer White matter—deep layer Contains axons Gyri—grooves that increase the surface
area Left and Right Lobes Control opposite sides of the body
FIGURE 8.16A
CEREBRUM CONT… Parietal Lobe Primary motor cortex Directs voluntary movements Primary sensory cortex Receives somatic sensory information Ex: Touch, pressure, pain, temperature
FIGURE 8.16B
CEREBRUM CONT… Occipital Lobe Visual cortex All visual information
FIGURE 8.16B
CEREBRUM CONT… Frontal Lobe Gustatory cortex Taste sensations
FIGURE 8.16B
CEREBRUM CONT… Temporal Lobe Auditory cortex—hearing Olfactory cortex—smell
FIGURE 8.16B
