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www.sti-innsbruck.at © Copyright 2008 STI INNSBRUCK www.sti-innsbruck.at
The Google Knowledge Graph
Ioan Toma
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Agenda
• What is the Google Knowledge Graph (GKG)?• How it is used?• Data sources• The Google Knowledge Graph and the Web of Data
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What is it?
• “A huge knowledge graph of interconnected entities and their attributes”.
Amit Singhal, Senior Vice President at Google
• “A knowledge based used by Google to enhance its search engine’s results with semantic-search information gathered from a wide variety of sources”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_Graph
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• Based on information derived from many sources including Freebase, CIA World Factbook, Wikipedia
• Contains 570 million objects and more than 18 billion facts about and relationships between these different objects
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What is it?
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GKG enhances Google Search in three main ways:•Find the right thing
– deals with the ambiguity of the language
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What is it?
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GKG enhances Google Search in three main ways:•Summaries
– summarize relevant content around that topic, including key facts about the entity
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What is it?
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GKG enhances Google Search in three main ways:•Deeper and broader information
– reveal new facts– anticipate what the next questions and provide the information beforehand
(based on what other users asked before)
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What is it?
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How it is used?
• Search for a person, place, or thing• Facts about entities are displayed in a knowledge box on the right side
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How it is used?
• Explore your search
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• CIA World Factbook
• Freebase
• Wikipedia
• and many others …
Data sources
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GKG and CIA World Factbook
• CIA World Factbook is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.
• GKG integrates information about geography, government, economy, etc. from CIA World Factbook
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GKG and Freebase
• Freebase is large collaborative knowledge base, developed by Metaweb and acquired by Google in 2010.
• GKG uses UIDs directly from the Freebase; detective work of Andreas Thalhammer showing how to get from GKG UIDs to Freebased UIDs using base64 and gzip
• Check the “Knowledge Graph links to Freebase” thread on w3c mailinglist http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/semantic-web/2012Jun/0028.html
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• For most search results first sentences come from Wikipedia
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GKG and Wikipedia
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Other sources
• GKG also considers the information Google retrieves from the volume of queries done by the users and the links those users have clicked on the results presented for those queries
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GKG and other Google products
• GKG is integrated with other Google products e.g. Google+
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Web of Data
Hypertext
Hypermedia
Web
Web of Data
Semantic Web
Picture from http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/194507/bush
?Picture from [4]
“As We May Think”, 1945
SemanticAnnotations
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Web of Data
• Characteristics:– Links between arbitrary things
(e.g., persons, locations, events, buildings)
– Structure of data on Web pages is made explicit
– Things described on Web pages are named and get URIs
– Links between things are made explicit and are typed
• Web of Data
“Things”
Typed Links
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GKG and the Web of Data
• A closed implementation of Web of Data principles– is not about documents, but objects such as people, places and things
– objects are interlinked in the GKG
– objects have structured information which is obtained from the web
• The Google Knowledge Graph is the basis for transforming Google’ core search product from an information engine to a knowledge engine (entity search engine)
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References
• http://www.google.com/insidesearch/features/search/knowledge.html• http://googleblog.blogspot.co.at/2012/05/introducing-knowledge-graph-
things-not.html• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_Graph• http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/semantic-web/2012Jun/0028.html
• http://www.stateofsearch.com/search-in-the-knowledge-graph-era/
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Questions?
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