Women, War, Peace: Politics in Peacebuilding

7/30/2019 Women, War, Peace: Politics in Peacebuilding

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Gepei Gi}hg`h

Ilgi Seseidi Vph{

Ephdh ^id}eiajQjghd, Qip idm Vhinh; ]bh Vjle}en~ jc Vhinh`xelmeda


2/29

Mhleshphm jd }bh }bh 92}b jc Jn}j`hp, 0663 i} }bh

kjid `$ opjn ed~}e}x}h cjp vhinh # kx~}enh

Xdeshp~e}u jc îd Mehaj

îd Mehaj, Nilecjpdei

Gepei Gi}hg`h, Ilgi Seseidi Vph{, Ephdh îd}eiaj

Qjghd, Qip idm Vhinh;

]bh Vjle}en~ jc Vhinh`xelmeda

Hme}jp Hgeoj Djgi

Vpjapig Jcnhp Meidi Ox}ljq


3/29

>

Vbj}j;Ipnbe}hn}xpilVbj}japivbu,

Edn$

NJD]HD]^

Kjid @$ Opjn Ed~}e}x}h cjp Vhinh # Kx~}enh =

Kjid @$ Opjn Me~}edaxe~bhm Lhn}xph ^hpeh~ 3

@ejapivbu jc Gepei Gi}hg`h 96

@ejapivbu jc Ilgi Seseidi Vph{ 90

@ejapivbu jc Ephdh îd}eiaj 9=

Qhlnjgh ù Kjunh Dhx 93

Ed}pjmxn}ejd ù Mhh Iohp 06

Lhn}xph Qjghd, Qip idm Vhinh; ]bh Vjle}en~ jc Vhinh`xelmeda 0>

Yxh~}ejd~ idm Id~qhp~ >2

Phli}hm Ph~jxpnh~ =2

I`jx} }bh Xdeshp~e}u jc îd Mehaj 86


4/29

= 8

KJID @$ OPJN ED^]E]X]H CJP VHINH # KX^]ENH

]bh ge~~ejd jc }bh Kjid @$ OpjnEd~}e}x}h cjp Vhinh # Kx~}enh "EVK%e~ }j cj~}hp vhinh, nxl}esi}h kx~}enhidm nphi}h i ~ichp qjplm$ ]bpjxabhmxni}ejd, ph~hipnb idm vhinhgioedain}ese}eh~, }bh EVK jcchp~ vpjapig~}bi} imsidnh ~nbjlip~bev idmvpin}enh ed njdclen} ph~jlx}ejd idmbxgid peab}~$ ]bh Ed~}e}x}h cjpVhinh # Kx~}enh, ljni}hm i} }bhXdeshp~e}u jc îd Mehaj, mpiq~xvjd Ni}bjlen ~jneil }hinbeda }bi}~hh~ vhinh i~ ed~hvipi`lh cpjgkx~}enh idm in}~ }j vphshd} idmph~jlsh njdclen}~ }bi} }bphi}hd ljnil,di}ejdil idm ed}hpdi}ejdil vhinh$

]bh EVK qi~ h~}i`le~bhm ed 0666 }bpjxab i ahdhpjx~ aec} cpjg }bh li}h Kjid@$ Opjn }j }bh Xdeshp~e}u jc îd Mehaj }j nphi}h id ed~}e}x}h cjp }bh ~}xmuidm vpin}enh jc vhinh idm kx~}enh$ Vpjapiggeda `haid ed hiplu 0669 idm }bh`xelmeda qi~ mhmeni}hm ed Mhnhg`hp 0669 qe}b i njdchphdnh, Vhinhgioedaqe}b Kx~}enh; Vjlenu cjp }bh 09~} Nhd}xpu$

]bh Ed~}e}x}h cjp Vhinh # Kx~}enh ~}pesh~, ed Kjid @$ Opjn~ qjpm~, }j dj} jdlu}ilo i`jx} vhinh, `x} }j gioh vhinh$ ]bh EVK jcchp~ e}~ ~hpsenh~ }j vip}eh~ed njdclen} }j vpjsemh ghmei}ejd idm cinele}i}ejd, i~~h~~ghd}~, }piededa idmnjd~xl}i}ejd~$ E} imsidnh~ vhinh qe}b kx~}enh }bpjxab qjpo qe}b ghg`hp~ jcnesel ~jneh}u ed {jdh~ jc njdclen} idm bi~ i cjnx~ jd gied~}phigeda qjghd edvhinh vpjnh~~h~$

]bh Qjghd VhinhGiohp~ Vpjapig `peda~ ed}j ph~emhdnh i} }bh EVK qjghdqbj bish `hhd in}eshlu hdaiahm ed vhinhgioeda ed njdclen} iphi~ ipjxdm }bh

qjplm }j mjnxghd} }bhep ~}jpeh~, ~biph hrvhpehdnh~ qe}b j}bhp~ qjpoeda edvhinhgioeda idm illjq }egh cjp phclhn}ejd jd }bhep qjpo$

I gi~}hp~ vpjapig ed Vhinh idm Kx~}enh ^}xmeh~ }pied~ cx}xph lhimhp~ ed }bhcehlm idm qell `h hrvidmhm ed}j }bh Kjid @$ Opjn ^nbjjl jc Vhinh ^}xmeh~,~xvvjp}hm ù i -86 gellejd hdmjqghd} cpjg }bh h~}i}h jc Gp~$ Opjn$

QjplmLedo, i uhip'pjxdm hmxni}ejdil vpjapig cjp beab ~nbjjl ~}xmhd}~ cpjgîd Mehaj idm @iki Nilecjpdei njddhn}~ ujx}b }j aljìl icciep~$

Njxd}pu vpjapig~, ~xnb i~ }bh Dhvil vpjkhn}, jcchp qemh'pidaeda njdclen}i~~h~~ghd}~, ghmei}ejd idm njdclen} ph~jlx}ejd }piededa qjpo~bjv~$

Njggxde}u jx}phinb ednlxmh~ ~vhiohp~, celg~, ip} idm jvvjp}xde}eh~ cjpme~nx~~ejd `h}qhhd njggxde}u ghg`hp~, inimhgen~ idm vpin}e}ejdhp~ jd e~~xh~jc vhinh idm ~jneil kx~}enh, i~ qhll i~ meiljaxh qe}b di}ejdil idm ed}hpdi}ejdillhimhp~ ed ajshpdghd}, djd'ajshpdghd}il jpaide{i}ejd~ idm }bh gele}ipu$


5/29

3 1

KJID @$ OPJN ME^]EDAXE^BHM LHN]XPH ^HPEH^

Hdmjqhm ed 066> `u i ahdhpjx~ aec} }j }bh Kjid @$ Opjn Ed~}e}x}h cjp Vhinh# Kx~}enh cpjg }bh li}h Kjid Opjn, vbelid}bpjve~} idm ed}hpdi}ejdil vhinhvpjvjdhd}, }bh Kjid @$ Opjn Me~}edaxe~bhm Lhn}xph ^hpeh~ e~ i cjpxg cjpbeab'lhshl di}ejdil idm ed}hpdi}ejdil lhimhp~ idm vjlenugiohp~ }j ~biph }bhepodjqlhmah idm vhp~vhn}esh~ jd e~~xh~ phli}hm }j vhinh idm kx~}enh$ ]bh ajil jc}bh ~hpeh~ e~ }j mhhvhd xdmhp~}idmeda jc bjq }j vphshd} idm ph~jlsh njdclen}idm vpjgj}h vhinh qe}b kx~}enh$

]bh Me~}edaxe~bhm Lhn}xph hpeh~ jcchp~ }bh njggxde}u i} lipah id jvvjp}xde}u}j hdaiah qe}b lhimhp~ qbj iph qjpoeda }j cjpah dhq meiljaxh~ qe}b vip}eh~ed njdclen} idm qbj ~hho }j id~qhp }bh yxh~}ejd jc bjq }j nphi}h id hdmxpedavhinh cjp }jgjppjq$ ]bh ~hpeh~, qbenb e~ bhlm i} }bh Kjid @$ Opjn Ed~}e}x}h cjpVhinh # Kx~}enh i} }bh Xdeshp~e}u jc ^id Mehaj, hrigedh~ dhq mhshljvghd}~ ed}bh ~hipnb cjp hcchn}esh }jjl~ }j vphshd} idm ph~jlsh njdclen} qbelh vpj}hn}edabxgid peab}~ idm hd~xpeda ~jneil kx~}enh$


6/29

2 5

Ch`pxipu 96, 0668 ]bh Bjdjpi`lh Lljum Irqjp}bu, Vb$M$Vph~emhd}, Xdeshp~e}u jc Qeddevha

]bh Ph~vjd~eèle}u }j Vpj}hn}; Vph~npev}ejd cjp i Aljìl Vx`len Mjgied

Gipnb >9, 0668 Gipu Pjèd~jdCjpghp Vph~emhd} jc Ephlidm idm Xde}hm Di}ejd~Beab Njgge~~ejdhp cjp Bxgid Peab}~

Bxgid Peab}~ idm H}benil Aljìle{i}ejd

Jn}j`hp 01, 0668 Be~ Hrnhllhdnu Oh}xgelh Gi~ephCjpghp Vph~emhd} jc }bh Phvx`len jc @j}~qidiVhp~vhn}esh~ ed}j }bh Njdclen} ed }bh Mhgjnpi}en Phvx`len jc }bh Njdajidm Njd}hgvjpipu Vhinh`xelmeda Hccjp}~

Kidxipu 01, 0663 Igì~~imjp Nbpe~ }jvbhp P$ BellX$^$ Mhvip}ghd} jc ^}i}hX$^$ Vjlenu ed Hi~} I~ei idm }bh Vinecen

Gipnb 5, 0663 Qelleig C$ ^nbxl{Hrhnx}esh Mephn}jp Igdh~}u Ed}hpdi}ejdil XÎ]ied}hm Lhainu; 5*99 idm }bh Pxed jc Bxgid Peab}~

^hv}hg`hp 1, 0663 ^beped Hìme066> Dj`hl Vhinh Lixphi}hEpid Iqiohdeda; Bxgid Peab}~, Qjghd idm E~lig

Jn}j`hp 92, 0663 Gepei Gi}hg`h, Ilgi Seseidi Vph{, Ephdh îd}eiajQjghd, Qip idm Vhinh; ]bh Vjle}en~ jc Vhinh`xelmeda

ME^]EDAXE^BHM LHN]XPH ^HPEH^ ^VHIOHP^

Ivpel 98, 066> Pj`hp} Hmaip, Vb$M$Ahdhpil hnph}ipu, Di}ejdil Njxdnel jc Nbxpnbh~]bh Pjlh jc }bh Nbxpnb ed X$^$ Cjphead Vjlenu

Giu 2, 066> Bhlhd Nilmenj}}, G$M$Vph~emhd}, Dxnlhip Vjlenu Ph~hipnb Ed~}e}x}h]bh Dhq Dxnlhip Midahp

Jn}j`hp 98, 066> Penbipm K$ Ajlm~}jdhKx~}enh jc }bh Njd~}e}x}ejdil Njxp} jc ^jx}b Icpeni

]bh Pjlh jc Ed}hpdi}ejdil Liq ed Vphshd}eda Mhimlu Njdclen}

Kidxipu 9=, 066= Igì~~imjp Mjdilm O$ ^}hed`hpaX$^$ Mhvip}ghd} jc ^}i}h

Njdclen}, Ahdmhp idm Bxgid Peab}~; Lh~~jd~ Lhipdhm cpjg }bh Cehlm

Ivpel 9=, 066= Ahdhpil Id}bjdu N$ [eddeXde}hm ^}i}h~ Gipedh Njpv~ "ph}ephm%

Cpjg }bh @i}}lhcehlm }j }bh Dhaj}ei}eda ]i`lh;Vphshd}eda Mhimlu Njdclen}

Djshg`hp =, 066= Bidid I~bpiqe, Vb$M$^hnph}ipu Ahdhpil Vilh~}edeid Ede}ei}esh cjp }bhVpjgj}ejd jc Aljìl Meiljaxh idm Mhgjnpinu

Njdnhv}, Njd}hr} idm Vpjnh~~ ed Vhinhgioeda;]bh Vilh~}edeid'E~pihle Hrvhpehdnh

Djshg`hp 91, 066= Djhlhhd Bhu{hp, Vb$M$Hrhnx}esh Mephn}jp Xde}hm Di}ejd~ Mhshljvghd}Cxdm cjp QjghdQjghd, Qip idm Vhinh; Gjèle{eda cjp ^hnxpe}uidm Kx~}enh ed }bh 09~} Nhd}xpu


7/29

96 99

@EJAPIVBU JC GEPEI GI]HG@H

Gepei Gi}hg`h e~ i nj'cjxdmhp jc In}ejd cjp Mhshljvghd} "INCJMH%ed Oigvili, Xaidmi, idm i cjpghp ghg`hp jc viple ighd} phvph~hd}eda }bhG`i`ipi me~}pen} jc Xaidmi xd}el 9525$ ^bh il~j phvph~hd}hm bhp njxd}pu i~i ghg`hp jc }bh Vid'Icpenid Vipleighd}, qbhph ~bh ~hpshm i~ nbiepvhp~jd jce}~ Njgge}}hh jd Pxlh~$ I~ cjpghp Gede~}hp jc H}ben~ idm Ed}hape}u cpjg9552 }j 066>, ~bh cjpgxli}hm }bh ajshpdghd}~ vjlenu jd njppxv}ejd idmbhlvhm ~h} ~}idmipm~ jc h}ben~ cjp vpjch~~ejdil~ ed vx`len jccenh$ I cjpghp

njgge~~ejdhp jc }bh Xaidmi Njd~}e}x}ejdil Njgge~~ejd, ~bh li}hp ~hpshmi~ mhlhai}h }j }bh Njd~}e}xhd} I~~hg`lu }bi} vpjgxlai}hm }bh dhq di}ejdilnjd~}e}x}ejd ed 9558$ Ed 0660, ~bh vx`le~bhm i ghgjep hd}e}lhm Ahdmhp,Vjle}en~ idm Njd~}e}x}ejd Gioeda ed Xaidmi, ed qbenb ~bh mjnxghd}~ bhphrvhpehdnh ed `pedaeda ahdmhp e~~xh~ }j }bh cjphcpjd} jc di}ejdil vjl e}en~$ Iliquhp qbj bi~ cjnx~hm jd bxgid peab}~ liq, njd~}e}x}ejdil liq idm `x~edh~~liq, Gi}hg`h bi~ vph~hd}hm dxghpjx~ vivhp~ i} njdchphdnh~ ed Icpeni idm }bhXde}hm ^}i}h~$ ^bh qi~ i chlljq i} }bh Di}ejdil Hdmjqghd} cjp Mhgjnpinued Qi~beda}jd, M$N$ Gi}hg`h phnheshm bhp LL$@$ cpjg Giohphph Xdeshp~e}u,Xaidmi idm bhp LL$G$ cpjg }bh Xdeshp~e}u jc Qipqeno, Xde}hm Oedamjg$

Gepei Gi}hg`h jc Xaidmi


8/29

90 9>

@EJAPIVBU JC ILGI SESEIDI VPH[

Ilgi Seseidi Vph{, njd~xl}id} }j }bh Njljgèid Gede~}pu jc CjpheadIcciep~, }bh Jccenh jc }bh Vph~emhd}eil Imse~hp jd Qjghd idm AhdmhpHyxile}u idm }bh Njljgèid Iahdnu cjp Ed}hpdi}ejdil Njjvhpi}ejd, qjpo~}j pie~h iqiphdh~~ jc ahdmhp vhp~vhn}esh~ idm }j egvlhghd} Xde}hm Di}ejd~^hnxpe}u Njxdnel Ph~jlx}ejd 9>08$ ^bh qi~ }bh cep~} ~hnph}ipu jc }bhNjljgèid Ge~~ejd }j }bh Xde}hm Di}ejd~ cpjg 0669 }j 066> idm bi~bhlm vj~e}ejd~ ed }bh Gede~}pu jc Cjphead Icciep~ i~ i ~vhneil imse~hp }j

}bh gede~}hp, ahdhpil mephn}jp jc }bh Ighpeni~, mhvx}u mephn}jp jc phaejdiled}hapi}ejd apjxv~ idm mhvx}u mephn}jp cjp Li}ed Ighpeni idm }bh Nipe``hid,igjda j}bhp~$ Vph{ bi~ qjpohm jd cjphead vjlenu i~ i njd~xl}id} }j `xelm`pemah~ `h}qhhd ajshpdghd}, nesel ~jneh}u idm qjghd~ jpaide{i}ejd~ }bi}iph qjpoeda jd 9>08 ed Njljgèi$ Vph{ bi~ vip}enevi}hm ed dxghpjx~njdchphdnh~, vx`le~bhm ip}enlh~ jd Njljgèi~ vjle}enil ~e}xi}ejd idm e~ ighg`hp jc }bh cinxl}u jc cedidnh, ajshpdghd} idm ed}hpdi}ejdil phli}ejd~ i}Xdeshp~emim Hr}hpdimj mh Njljgèi$

Ilgi Seseidi Vph{ jc Njljgèi


9/29

9= 98

@EJAPIVBU JC EPHDH ÎD]EIAJ

Ephdh îd}eiaj e~ }bh nbiep idm nbehc hrhnx}esh jccenhp jc }bh GedmidijNjgge~~ejd jd Qjghd idm nj'cjxdmhp jc }bh Gj}bhp~ cjp Vhinh Gjshghd}ed }bh Vbelevvedh~$ ^bh e~ i ~hdejp imse~jp }j }bh Vph~emhd}eil Imse~jp jd}bh Vhinh Vpjnh~~ qbhph ~bh i~~e~}~ ed vjlenu idm ~}pi}hau cjpgxli}ejd,~vhnecenillu jd mhgjèle{i}ejd, me~ipgighd} idm phed}hapi}ejd$ îd}eiaj e~jdh jc }qj qjghd jd }bh Vbelevvedh ajshpdghd} vidhl dhaj}ei}eda vhinhqe}b }bh Gjpj E~ligen Le`hpi}ejd Cpjd} "GELC%$ Ed }be~ pjlh, ~bh bi~ pjxab}

ahdmhp e~~xh~ ed}j }bh vhinh }ilo~$ Ed 0668, îd}eiaj qi~ djgedi}hm i~ jdhjc 9,666 Qjghd cjp }bh Dj`hl Vhinh Vpe{h$ ^bh bi~ `hhd i ahdmhp imsjni}hcjp }bh vi~} >6 uhip~ idm bi~ njd~xl}hm cjp }bh Qjplm @ido idm dxghpjx~ed}hpdi}ejdil ed~}e}x}ejd~, jpaide{i}ejd~ idm ajshpdghd}~$ îd}eiaj ~hpshm i~}bh hrhnx}esh mephn}jp jc }bh DAJ Cjpxg jd Qjghd qbenb qi~ jpaide{hm edvipillhl qe}b }bh 9558 X$D$ Cjxp}b Qjplm Njdchphdnh jd Qjghd ed @hekeda$

Ephdh id}eiaj jc }bh Vbelevvedh~


10/29

93 91

QHLNJGH @U KJUNH DHX, HRHNX]ESH MEPHN]JP "JDLHISH% JC ]BH KJID @$ OPJN ED^]E]X]H CJP VHINH# KX^]ENH

Ajjm hshdeda, hshpujdh$ E} e~ gu vlhi~xph }j qhlnjgh ill jc ujx }j }bh Kjid @$Opjn Me~}edaxe~bhm Lhn}xph ^hpeh~ bhph i} }bh Kjid @$ Opjn Ed~}e}x}h cjp Vhinh# Kx~}enh i} }bh Xdeshp~e}u jc îd Mehaj$ ]be~ uhip gipo~ }bh cec}b iddeshp~ipujc }bh mhmeni}ejd jc }be~ `hix}ecxl `xelmeda }bi} ujx iph ~e}}eda ed$ Cesh uhip~iaj, qh qhph `x~u ah}}eda phimu }j mhmeni}h }be~ cinele}u$ Qh djq bish cesh uhip~xdmhp jxp `hl} idm E }bedo yxe}h i lj} }j ~bjq cjp e}$ Jdh jc }bh qiu~ ujx nid~hh qbi} qh bish }j ~bjq cjp e} e~ ù qiloeda ipjxdm idm ljjoeda i} ~jgh jc}bh vbj}japivb~ jd }bh qill~ }j ~hh }bh mecchphd} hshd}~ qh bish bhlm, `x} gjph,e~ }j }ilo ~jgh jc }bh vhjvlh ed }bh ixmehdnh qbj bish }iohd vip} ed mecchphd}in}ese}eh~ i} }bh ed~}e}x}h, he}bhp ed}hpdi}ejdil in}ese}eh~ }bi} qh bish hhd hdaiahmed jp ljnil in}ese}eh~ ed }hpg~ jc jxp jx}phinb$ Qh iph shpu }bidocxl }j ill jc ujxqbj bish `hhd jxp vip}dhp~ cjp }bh li~} cesh uhip~ idm qh ljjo cjpqipm }j bisedaujx i~ vip}dhp~ nhp}iedlu i} lhi~} cjp }bh dhr} cesh uhip~, bjvhcxllu i aphi} mhilljdahp$ Qhlnjgh$

E odjq }bi} Kjid Opjn, qhph ~bh bhph }jmiu, qjxlm `h phillu mhleab}hm }j ~hh ujxill idm }j ~hh }bh vhjvlh qbj bish `hhd njgeda }j }bh ed~}e}x}h jshp }bh li~} ceshuhip~ }j lhipd i`jx} i qjplm i} vhinh, i~ jvvj~hm }j i qjplm i} qip$ Xdcjp}xdi}hlu,qbhd ~bh qi~ mueda ed 066>, }bh qip ed Epiy qi~ lixdnbhm, idm hshd }bhd ~bhqi~ jd }bh vbjdh nilleda ~jgh jc jxp hlhn}hm jcceneil~ }j ì~enillu }hll }bhg }bhuqjxlm dhshp ah} idj}bhp megh jc bhp gjdhu ec }bhu sj}hm cjp qip ed Epiy$

Xdcjp}xdi}hlu, i~ ~jgh jc ujx giu ilphimu odjq, jxp vliddhm ~vhiohp cjp }be~hshdeda, Hle~i`h}b Phbd, }bh cjpghp mhchd~h gede~}hp jc Cedlidm, bi~ hhd xdi`lh}j }pishl bhph }j îd Mehaj mxh }j i ìno edkxpu }bi} cliphm xv jshp }bh qhhohdm$^bh shpu ivjljah}enillu bim }j nidnhl bhp ivvhipidnh bhph }be~ hshdeda, x} qh iphshpu, shpu cjp}xdi}h idm shpu api}hcxl }j }bphh jx}~}idmeda qjghd qbj i} }bh li~}gedx}h qhph qelleda }j ~vhio }jdeab} jd }be~ e~~xh, Qjghd, Qip idm Vhinh; ]bhVjle}en~ jc Vhinh xelmeda$


11/29

92 95

]bh~h ed}hpsehq~ djq cjpg vip} jc id jpil be~}jpu le`pipu jd qjghd cpjg ipjxdm}bh qjplm$

Mp$ Iohp, }bh ed}hpeg mephn}jp jc }bh ed~}e}x}h qbelh E ig jd lhish, e~ }bh mephn}jpidm ed~vepi}ejd `hbedm }bh Qjghd VhinhGiohp~ Vpjapig idm `hbedm }be~njdchphdnh$ Mp$ Iohp e~ i v~unbjljae~} idm id id}bpjvjljae~} qe}b hrvhpehdnh ed}bh cehlm idm ed }bh nli~~pjjg$ ^bh qi~ i Vhinh Njpv~ sjlxd}hhp ed Njljgèi

~bh pie~hm pi`è}~, E `hlehsh$ E ig dj} ~xph bjq }bi} hrvhpehdnh bi~ ivvlehm }jbhp nxpphd} qjpo? giu`h qh njxlm i~o bhp$ ^bh bi~ phnheshm dxghpjx~ iqipm~ cjpbhp ~hpsenh }j }bh îd Mehaj njggxde}u$ Vlhi~h kjed gh ed qhlnjgeda Mp$ Iohp,qbj qell ed}pjmxnh jxp vidhl }be~ hshdeda$

]jdeab}~ vidhl, ed imme}ejd }j `heda i vip } jc }bh Me~}edaxe~bhm Lhn}xph ^hpeh~,il~j ~hpsh~ i~ }bh jvhdeda jc }bh ed~}e}x}h~ }bepm iddxil Qjghd VhinhGiohp~Njdchphdnh,9 qbenb e~ cxdmhm ù i apid} jc }bh Cphm K$ Bid~hd Cjxdmi}ejd$Hinb uhip, }be~ njdchphdnh e~ vliddhm mxpeda }bh ph~emhdnu jc }bh cjxp qjghdvhinhgiohp~ ~hlhn}hm ù }bh ed~}e}x}h }j `h ed ph~emhdnh bhph cjp heab} qhho~ edjpmhp }j mjnxghd} }bhep ~}jpeh~ jc vhinhgioeda, vhinh`xelmeda idm bxgid peab}~imsjninu$ Qh iph il~j shpu vlhi~hm }j qhlnjgh mhlhai}h~ cpjg }bh Xde}hm ^}i}h~idm ipjxdm }bh qjplm qbj bish njgh }j kjed x~ ed jxp me~nx~~ejd~ jd ahdmhpìlidnh ed mhne~ejd gioeda ed vhinhgioeda idm vhinh`xelmeda vpjnh~~h~$ Qhqid} }j }bido }bh ghd idm qjghd qbj bish njgh cpjg cip idm dhip }j bishme~nx~~ejd~ cjp }be~ qjpoeda njdchphdnh }j }pu }j ceaxph jx} bjq qh nid mj i `h}}hpkj` i} ahdmhp ednlx~ejd ed vhinh vpjnh~~h~$

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12/29

06 09

ED]PJMXN]EJD @U MHH IOHP, ED]HPEG MEPHN]JPJC ]BH KJID @$ OPJN ED^]E]X]H CJP VHINH #KX^]ENH

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Vidhle~}~ "l'p% Ephdh îd}eiaj, Ilgi Seseidi Vph{, Gepei Gi}hg`h idm gjmhpi}jp Mhh Iohp

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13/29

00 0>

Qjghd, Qip idm Vhinh;

]bh Vjle}en~ jc Vhinh`xelmeda

Gepei Gi}hg`h

Ilgi Seseidi Vph{Ephdh îd}eiaj

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Qe}b }bi}, E qjxlm ljsh }j ed}pjmxnh Ephdh îd}eiaj$


14/29

0= 08

}bhph qi~ i ~}pjda qjghd~ }hig nillhm Hyxevj }bi} aphq jpaidenillu cpjg }bhphaejdil vpjnh~~$ Qh nid }pxlu ~iu }bi} }bh @hekeda Vli}cjpg cjp In}ejd qe}b e}~90 ~}pi}haen iphi~ jc njdnhpd qi~ i dhaj}ei}hm mjnxghd}, dj} kx~} igjda }bhajshpdghd}~, `x} il~j `h}qhhd }bh ajshpdghd}~ idm }bh qjghd$ E} qi~ i bipm'

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EPHDH ÎD]EIAJ

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15/29

03 01

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16/29

02 05

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17/29

>6 >9

ILGI SESEIDI VPH[

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Ilgi Seseidi Vph{ jd Kjid @$ Opjn Me~}edaxe~bh m Lhn}xph ^hpeh~ vidhl


18/29

>0 >>

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19/29

>= >8

GEPEI GI]HG@H

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ajjm cjp x~$ ]bh DPG _Di}ejdil Ph~e~}idnh Gjshghd}W ajshpdghd} qi~shpu phnhv}esh? e} qi~ le~}hdeda `hnix~h ~jgh qjghd bim il~j vip}enevi}hm ed }bhqip~ }j `peda e} ed}j vjqhp$ ]bh DPG h~}i`le~bhm mhgjnpi}en ed~}e}x}ejd~ idmnbipahm }bhg qe}b }bh ph~vjd~eèle}eh~ }j mhgjnpi}e{h }bh njxd}pu$ Jdh jc }bh~hed~}e}x}ejd~ qi~ }bh Xaidmi Njd~}e}x}ejdil Njgge~~ejd$ ]bi} njgge~~ejdqi~ nbipahm qe}b }bh ph~vjd~eèle}u jc vx}}eda ed vlinh i dhq njd~}e}x}ejd }bi}qjxlm gioh i dhq Xaidmi$ @hnix~h }bhph qhph i lj} jc qjghd, qh ~iem }bi} qhdhhm }j `h }bhph jd }be~ `jmu il~j$ ]bh ajshpdghd} ivvjed}hm }qj qjghd jx}jc i 09'ghg`hp njgge~~ejd$ Mjd} qjppu, E qi~ jdh jc }bj~h qjghd? qh qhph}qj liquhp~$ E nid i~~xph ujx ù }bh hdm jc }bh njd~}e}x}ejd'gioeda hrhpne~h,ill }bj~h ghd ~hi}hm }bhph, }bh 95, qhph shpu ahdmhp ~hd~e}esh$ Ed cin}, ~jgh jc}bhg cjxdm }bhep qiu ed}j }bh njd~}e}xhd} i~~hg`lu qbenb vpjgxlai}hm }bh

Gepei Gi}hg`h ~vhioeda i} Qjghd VhinhGiohp~ Njdchphdnh


20/29

>3 >1

njd~}e}x}ejd, idm }bhu qhph phillu }iloeda cjp x~, leoh }bhu qhph vxpnbi~hm _ùx~W$ @x} jc njxp~h }bhu bim _jdluW `hhd edclxhdnhm$

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Ujx ~hh, ec }bh~h vhjvlh qhph }j illjq x~ }j ~e} qe}b }bhg i} }bh vhinhdhaj}ei}ejd }i`lh~, vhinh njxlm `h phinbhm yxenolu `hnix~h qjghd odjq }bhlidaxiah$ Ujx odjq, Ajm aish x~ }bh ph~vjd~eèle}u jc dj} jdlu gj}bhpedabxgid `heda~, `x} dxp}xpeda }bhg$ Bi~ e} jnnxpphm }j ujx }bi} e} }ioh~ jdhgedx}h jp i ~hnjdm }j gioh i ìù, `x} `j}b gid idm qjgid vip}enevi}hhyxillu ed }bi} ~hnjdm jp gedx}h: @x} }bhd, ic}hp }bi}, }bh qbjlh jc bxgidnphi}ejd idm dxp}xpeda e~ lhc} }j }bh qjgid$ Dedh gjd}b~ }bi} bxgid heda e~njggxdeni}eda }j ujx, idm }bhd jd }j `phi~}chhmeda, idm }bhd jd }j dxp}xpedaidm `pedaeda xv$ Qh odjq bxgid lech gjph }bid }bhu mj idm E qe~b }bhu njxlmlh} x~ gioh }bh mhne~ejd~ }bi} njdnhpd bxgid lech$ Ec qh ~i} qe}b }bhg i} }bh}i`lh~, E ig ~xph }bhu qjxlm nbidah bhip} idm giu`h }beda~ qjxlm nbidah$]bhphcjph, phillu, qh gx~} `h }bhph$

^j, cjp }bh qjghd ed Xaidmi, qh ~iem, Ljjo, qh gx~} vip}enevi}h ed }be~njd~}e}x}ejd'gioeda hrhpne~h, idm qh mem$ Qh mem i a phi} kj $ Ill jc }bi} e~nhp}iedlu mjnxghd}hm ed gu `jjo$8 E qid} }j }hll ujx }bi} qh hg`pinhm }bhnjd~}e}x}ejd'gioeda hrhpne~h `hnix~h qjghd ljjohm i} }be~ njd~}e}x}ejd i~ }bhep~isejp$ ]bhu }bjxab} e} qi~ }bh vidinhi }j ill }bh vpj`lhg~ }bhu qhph edsjlshmed, }bh vpj`lhg~ jc ì}}hpeda idm edhyxile}u$ ]bhphcjph, qh vip}enevi}hm cxllu$Qh phillu jpaide{hm idm vip}enevi}hm, idm i~ i ph~xl} qh nigh jx} qe}b i shpuqjdmhpcxl, ahdmhp'~hd~e}esh idm ph~vjd~esh njd~}e}x}ejd$

3 I~ vip} jc }bh ed~}e}x}h~ Qjghd VhinhGiohp~ Njdchphdnh, Gi}hg`h ~vjoh mxpeda }bh Ajshpdidnh Vlhdipu ^h~~ejd$Bhp vph~hd}i}ejd qi~ hd}e}lhm, Nbillhdah~ }j ahdmhp kx~}enh; @h}piuil jc Xaidmi~ iccepgi}esh in}ejd njd~}e}x}ejd$Edimme}ejd, Gi}hg`h cinele}i}hm i qjpoeda ~h~~ejd jd Qpe}eda qjghd ed}j njd~}e}x}ejd~ nid e} qjpo: Cjpgjph edcjpgi}ejd, vlhi~h ~hh }bh njdchphdnh phvjp} i}; b}}v;**vhinh$~idmehaj$hmx*phvjp}~*NjdchphdnhPhvjp}~*QbjE~GioedaVjlenu$b}gl$

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Hshd}xillu qh nigh jx} qe}b }be~ qjdmhpcxl njd~}e}x}ejd$ I~ i ph~xl} jc }be~njd~}e}x}ejd qbenb axipid}hh~ iccepgi}esh in}ejd idm hyxil peab}~ idm giduj}bhp }beda~, }bh qjghd ed Xaidmi iph vip}enevi}eda ed vjle}en~ qe}b ajjmvhpnhd}iah~$ E ghid, 02$2 vhpnhd} ed vipleighd} e~ dj} ~j ìm njgviphm }jIghpeni, }bh nhd}hp jc nesele{i}ejd idm ill vjqhp$ Ed }bh nièdh} idm j}bhpbeab mhne~ejd'gioeda vj~e}ejd~, e} e~ `h}qhhd 06 idm >6 vhpnhd}, idm ed ljnilajshpdghd}, e} e~ >6 vhpnhd}$ Qh bish }bh vpednevlh jc ahdmhp ìlidnh qbenbmhgidm~ }bi} ed ivvjed}eda vhjvlh }j vj~e}ejd~ jc ph~vjd~eèle}u, }bhph gx~}`h ìlidnh$ @x}, qh x~h i mhchn}esh ghi~xpeda _mhsenhW$ Jxp~ e~ ~j mhchn}esh }bi}ec i njgge~~ejd e~, cjp ed~}idnh, ~hshd vhjvlh, }bhd }qj iph qjghd idm cesh iphghd$ Ec }bhph iph cjxp, jdh e~ i qjgid, idm }bh ìlidnh e~ }el}eda _}j jdhW ~emh

`x} e} e~ `h}}hp }bid dj}beda$

^j, E ig bhph }j }hll ujx }bi} qh bish ill }bh~h vjle}en~ idm qjghd iph

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8 ^hh Phli}hm Ph~jxpnh~$


21/29

>2 >5

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IV; Ec E giu, lh} gh ~}ip} ù ~iueda }bi} gj~} qjghd bish }bh `hlehc }bi}

ed jpmhp }j ~xnnhhm ed }bh vhinh idm ~hnxpe}u qjplm, }bhu dhhm }j `hbish leohghd$ ]bi} e~ }bh cep~} vpj`lhg$ Gj~} jc }bhg hshd `hlehsh hshd ec }bhu iphnjdsednhm }bi} }bhu qell mj e} idj}bhp qiu qbhd }bhu iph ed }bh ~hi} }bi} edjpmhp }j ah} }bh ~hi}, }bhu dhhm }j `hbish leoh ghd, in} i~ ghd$ ]bi}~ dj} }pxh$Ed }bh qjplm iph vlhd}u jc qjghd mjeda njggxde}u qjpo }bpjxab dj} jdlu}bh ed}hpdi}ejdil iphdi, `x} }bh di}ejdil idm }bh phaejdil jdh$ ^j, qbhd ujx iph}iloeda i`jx} }hnbdenil vhjvlh, E i~o ujx, qbj iph }bh }hnbdenil vhjvlh: Ujx illiph }bh }hnbdenil vhjvlh$ Ah} }bh }phi}eh~, ah} mjnxghd}~, ah} }bh edcjpgi}ejdidm i~o$ Qbelh ujx iph i~oeda cjp ahdmhp hyxile}u, qbelh ujx iph ghi~xpeda e},ujx iph }bh }hnbdenil vhjvlh, ~j ujx iph }bh vhjvlh qh dhhm }j `hnjgh$

YXH^]EJD^ IDM ID^QHP^

]bh ixmehdnh ~x`ge}}hm yxh~}ejd~ qbenb qhph phim ù }bh vidhl gjmhpi}jp,Mhh Iohp$

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E^; Bjvh$ Ujx bish }j bjvh$ ]bh hdhpau }bi} qi~ ~j vilvi`lh ed @hekeda E }bedobi~ `hhd }iohd jshp ù qbi} E nill }hnbdenil vhjvlh$ ]bh qbjlh mudige~g}bi} njgh~ cpjg i gjshghd} i~ qh aj ed}j ahdmhp gied~}phigeda `hnjgh~}hnbdenil$ ^j, vhjvlh qbj odjq i`jx} gjmxlh~ idm }piededa idm nbhnole~}~ ah}ed}j }bh cjphcpjd} `hnix~h djq qh iph }pueda }j gied~}phig ahdmhp? e} `hnjgh~i }hnbdenil vpj`lhg idm }bh }hnbdenil vhjvlh njgh$ ]bhph~ i mecchphdnh `h}qhhdi gjshghd} idm }bh }hnbdenil ~emh jc }beda~$ E ig dj} ~iueda }bh }hnbdenil ~emhjc }beda~ e~ dj} ajjm, `x} qbi} E nill }bh ednidmh~nhd} egvh}x~ e~ qbi} E }bedoe~ lj~} qbhd i vjle}enil vpj`lhg `hnjgh~ i }hnbdenil jdh$ E }bedo qh bish ~jp}jc ajdh ed}j }bi} idm i ilidnh dhhm~ }j h gimh$ E ig 38 uhip~ jlm? bjq gidujc }bh ujxda vhjvlh bhph ed }be~ pjjg iph ajeda }j }ioh jshp }bh gjshghd}: E}bedo gj~} jc x~ iph djq }bedoeda jc }bh ~xnnh~~jp ahdhpi}ejd qbj gx~} njghxv qe}b }bhep jqd e~~xh~$ ]bhu iph dj} }bh ~igh e~~xh~ i~ jxp ahdhpi}ejd, `x}}bh ujxda vhjvlh bish }j njgh xv idm mhcedh }bhep jqd e~~xh~ iaied$ E }bedoqh gx~} dj} lj~h ~eab} jc qbi} i gjshghd} e~ idm qbi} i gjshghd} nid mj, ed}bh px~b }j mjeda }bh }hnbdenil ~emh jc ahdmhp gied~}phigeda$

GG; E kx~} qid} }j ~iu }bi} qh dhhm }bh ujxdahp ahdhpi}ejd }j `h gj}esi}hmidm dj} }j `h njgvlinhd}$ Cjp ed~}idnh, i} }be~ iah, E mjd} }bedo E nid bish}bi} ~vepe} E bim qbhd _MhhW gh} gh 06 uhip~ iaj nid E phsesh }bi}: E }bedogu mixab}hp jp gu mixab}hp'ed'liq jx} }bhph bi~ }j `h vpjsjohm jp nbillhdahm}j gjsh jd$ Jc njxp~h, hdsepjdghd} idm nepnxg~}idnh~ iph shpu mecchphd}$ E mj


22/29

=6 =9

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^j, }bhu iph ~iueda }bi} djq }bi} qh iph biseda idj}bhp pjxdm jc vhinhdhaj}ei}ejd~ qe}b }bh Gjpj E~ligen Le`hpi}ejd Cpjd}, odjqeda }be~ _edcjpgi}ejdi`jx} ph~jxpnh illjni}ejd ic}hp vhinh iaphhghd}~W, bjq mj ujx djq imsjni}hqe}bed idm qe}bjx} ed jpmhp }j gioh }bi} bivvhd: E }bedo }bh Gx~leg qjghdiph ~iueda qh bish }j ~vhio qe}b jxp jqd sjenh djq idm dj} bish }bh ghd~vhio cjp x~$ E }bedo }bhu lhipdhm cpjg }bi}$ Il~j, _}bhu qid}W }j gioh ~xph}bi} }bhep pjlh qe}bed }bh ~}pxaalh e~ mhcedhm i~ vip} jc id ed}hapil vip} jc}bh ~}pxaalh$ ]bhphcjph, jdh jc }bh }beda~, cjp hrigvlh, }bi} qh bish `hhd

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E^; Jdh jc }bh `jjo~ }bi} ujx geab} leoh }j phim e~ i `jjo ù Qelleig Xpu,qbj qe}b Pjahp Ce~bhp, qpj}h Ah}}eda }j Uh~ }bhu iph cpjg }bh BipsipmDhaj}ei}ejd Vpjkhn}$ @x} Qelleig Xpu jd be~ jqd qpj}h i `jjo nillhm ]bh]bepm êmh$ Ujxph nillhm i }bepm ~emhp `hnix~h }bhph e~ i ~emh I idm ~emh @, }bh}qj me~vx}id}~ jp vhjvlh ed njdclen}, idm ujx }ioh }bh }bepm ~emh$ Bh le~}~ 96pjlh~ }bi} i vhp~jd qbj qid}~ }j mj vhinh nid }ioh$ ]bphh jc }bj~h pjlh~ iphpjlh~ }bi} ujx nid x~h }j vphshd} njdclen}, cjxp }j ph~jlsh njdclen} idm }bphh }jnjd}ied njdclen}$

Ec ujx qid} }j vphshd}, qbenb e~ }bh yxh~}ejd, ujx bish }j `h i }hinbhp, ivpjsemhp idm i `pemah `xelmhp$ ^jgh`jmu dhhm~ }j lhipd ~jgh}beda, ~j ujx}hinb$ ]bhph iph ì~en dhhm~ }bi} iph dj} gh}, ~j ujx vpjsemh idm E }bedo

}bi} e~ qbi} Uxdx~ qi~ mjeda, bh qi~ mjeda `j}b }hinbeda idm vpjsemeda$ Idm}bh li~} e~ `heda i `pemah `xelmhp$ ^j }bj~h iph qiu~ }j vphshd}$ ]bj~h iph~vhnecen ~oell~$ Qbhd ujx qid} }j ph~jlsh njdclen}~, }bhd ujx `hnjgh id ipè}hp,i ghmei}jp, id hyxile{hp idm i bhilhp$ ]bj~h qbj qid} }j njd}ied njdclen}`hnjgh vhinhohhvhp~, phchphh~ idm qe}dh~~h~$ ^j, }bhph iph 96 mecchphd} pjlh~,idm }bj~h iph mhcede}hlu 96 mecchphd} ~oell~$ Jdh jc }bh }beda~ }bi} bivvhd~ }jx~ i~ vhinhgiohp~ e~ }bi} qh ah} ~j nixab} xv ed }bh nxl}xph jc vhinh i~ i silxh,`x} qh mjd} lhipd }bh ~oel l~ ec qh nid} mecchphd}ei} h }bh ~oell~$


23/29

=0 =>

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24/29

== =8

IV; Qhll, E mjd} odjq }bh Lu~e~}pi}i gjshghd} ed Njljgèi, `x} qbi} Enid }hll ujx e~ }bhph iph i bxah dxg`hp jc qjghd~ gjshghd}~ ed Njljgèiqjpoeda cjp vhinh$ ]bi} aesh~ gh }bh jvvjp}xde}u }j ~iu }bi} qh odjq bjq }jmj vhinh ed }bh gemmlh jc }bh njdclen}$ Qh bish `hhd i} e} cjp 86 uhip~$ Qh bishi ahdhpi}ejd jc Njljgèid~ qbj bish dhshp leshm ed vhinh, idm ~}ell qh bishqjghd idm ghd imsjni}eda cjp vhinh $ Qh iph ed }bh gemmlh jc qip, idm }bjxabqh giu bish ~jgh ajshpdidnh ed }bh njxd}pu, ~}ell qh bish vhjvlh i~oeda cjpbxgide}ipeid iaphhghd}~, idm }bhph iph qjghd~ gjshghd}~ imsjni}eda cjpbxgide}ipeid iaphhghd}~$

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2 Njpi{jd Iyxedj qi~ vph~emhd} jc }bh Vbelevvedh~ cpjg 9523 }j 9550$ Aljpei Giniviail Ippjuj bi~ `hhd vph~emhd}~ednh 0669$ ^bh e~ nxpphd}lu ~hpseda i ~er'uhip }hpg qbenb `haid ed 066=$


25/29

=3 =1

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26/29

=2 =5

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27/29

86 89

I@JX] ]BH XDESHPÊ]U JC ÎD MEHAJ

Nbip}hphm ed 95=5, }bh Xdeshp~e}u jc îd Mehaj e~ i Pjgid Ni}bjlen ed~}e}x}ejdjc beabhp lhipdeda ljni}hm jd 926 inph~ jshpljjoeda îd Mehaj~ Ge~~ejd @iu$]bh Xdeshp~e}u jc îd Mehaj e~ njgge}}hm }j vpjgj}eda inimhgen hrnhllhdnh,hrvidmeda le`hpil idm vpjch~~ejdil odjqlhmah, nphi}eda i meshp~h njggxde}u, idmvphvipeda lhimhp~ mhmeni}hm }j h}benil idm njgvi~~ejdi}h ~hpsenh$

X^M e~ ~}himci~} ed e}~ mhmeni}ejd }j }bh hrigedi}ejd jc }bh Ni}bjlen }pime}ejd i~}bh ì~e~ jc i njd}edxeda ~hipnb cjp ghideda ed njd}hgvjpipu lech$ Aljìl vhinhidm mhshljvghd} idm }bh ivvleni}ejd jc h}ben~ idm silxh~ iph hrigedhm }bpjxabnigvx~ nhd}hp~ idm ed~}e}x}h~ , ~xnb i~ }bh Kjid @$ Opjn Ed~}e}x}h cjp Vhinh # Kx~}enh,}bh Silxh~ Ed~}e}x}h, }bh ]pid~@jpmhp Ed~}e}x}h, }bh Nhd}hp cjp Vx`len Ed}hph~} Liq,}bh Ed~}e}x}h cjp Liq idm Vbelj~jvbu, idm }bh Ed}hpdi}ejdil Nhd}hp cjp Nbipin}hpHmxni}ejd$ Cxp}bhpgjph, }bpjxab ~vhneil nigvx~ hshd}~ ~xnb i~ }bh ^jneil E~~xh~Njdchphdnh, }bh Kigh~ @jdm ^}jnomilh Lhimhp~bev idm H}ben~ ûgvj~exg, idm }bh

Kjid @$ Opjn Me~}edaxe~bhm Lhn}xph ^hpeh~, qh edse}h }bh njggxde}u }j kjed x~ edcxp}bhp hrvljpi}ejd jc }bh~h silxh~$

Ed phnhd} uhip~, }bh Xdeshp~e}u jc îd Mehaj bi~ bj~}hm gidu me~}edaxe~bhm axh~}~,ednlxmeda Dj`hl Vhinh Lixphi}h~ idm cjpghp Vph~emhd}~ Keggu Nip}hp idm J~nip Ipei~,^xvphgh Njxp} kx~}enh~, Xde}hm Di}ejd~ idm Xde}hm ^}i}h~ ajshpdghd} jcceneil~, i~qhll i~ igì~~imjp~ cpjg njxd}peh~ ipjxdm }bh qjplm$ Ed 9553, }bh xdeshp~e}u bj~}hm i

mhì}h `h}qhhd vph~emhd}eil nidmemi}h~ @ell Nled}jd idm @j` Mjlh$

]bh X^M nigvx~, njd~emhphm jdh jc }bh gj~} ipnbe}hn}xpillu xdeyxh ed }bh di}ejd,e~ odjqd i~ Ilnil Vipo$ Leoh }bh ne}u jc îd Mehaj, }bh nigvx~ }ioh~ e}~ dighcpjg îd Mehaj mh Ilnil, i Cpidne~nid `pj}bhp qbj ~hpshm i~ }bh edcepgipeid i}Ilnil mh Bhdiph~, i gjdi~}hpu dhip Gimpem, ^vied$ ]bh ^vide~b Phdie~~idnhipnbe}hn}xph }bi} nbipin}hpe{h~ }bh cesh'nhd}xpu jlm Xdeshp~e}u jc Ilnil ~hpsh~ i~}bh ed~vepi}ejd cjp }bh `xelmeda~ jd }bh Xdeshp~e}u jc îd Mehaj nigvx~$ ]bhipnbe}hn}xph qi~ ed}hdmhm ù }bh cjxdmhp~, @e~bjv Nbiplh~ Cpidne~ @xmmu idmGj}bhp Pj~ileh Bell, }j hdbidnh }bh ~hipnb cjp }px}b }bpjxab `hix}u idm bipgjdu$

Phnhd} imme}ejd~, ~xnb i~ }bh ~}i}h'jc'ip} Mjdilm V$ ^belhu Nhd}hp cjp ^nehdnhidm ]hnbdjljau idm ~jjd }bh dhq ^nbjjl jc Lhimhp~bev idm Hmxni}ejd ^nehdnh~`xelmeda, nippu jd }bi} }pime}ejd$

I ghg`hp jc }bh vph~}eaejx~ Vbe @h}i Oivvi, X^M e~ pidohm igjda }bh di}ejd~}jv 966 xdeshp~e}eh~$ X^M jcchp~ e}~ 1,866 xdmhpapimxi}h, apimxi}h idm liq~}xmhd}~ peajpjx~ inimhgen vpjapig~ ed gjph }bid 36 cehlm~ jc ~}xmu }bpjxab ~erinimhgen mese~ejd~, ednlxmeda }bh Njllhah jc Ip}~ idm nehdnh~ idm }bh ~nbjjl~ jc@x~edh~~ Imgede~}pi}ejd, Lhimhp~bev idm Hmxni}ejd ^nehdnh~, Liq, idm Dxp~edaidm Bhil}b ^nehdnh$ ]bh Kjid @$ Opjn ^nbjjl jc Vhinh ^}xmeh~ e~ ~nbhmxlhm }jjvhd Cill 0661$


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@H I VHINHGIOHP$

^xvvjp} }bh Kjid @$ Opjn Ed~}e}x}h cjp Vhinh # Kx~}enh$

Ujx nid ~xvvjp} }bh hmxni}ejdil, ph~hipnb idm vhinhgioeda in}ese}eh~

jc }bh Kjid @$ Opjn Ed~}e}x}h ù gioeda i ~hnxph, }ir'mhmxn}e`lh, jdledh

mjdi}ejd i} b}}v;**vhinh$~idmehaj$hmx jp gi eleda }bh mjdi}ejd cjpg `h ljq

qe}b i nbhno viui`lh }j;

Kjid @$ Opjn Ed~}e}x}h cjp Vhinh # Kx~}enh

Xdeshp~e}u jc îd Mehaj

8552 Ilnil Vipo, îd Mehaj, NI 50996'0=50

Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z

ZZ E qjxlm leoh }j kjed }bh Ed~}e}x}h~ Lhimhp~bev Nepnlh qe}b i aec} jc -9666 jp gjph idm phnheshedse}i}ejd~ }j ~vhneil phnhv}ejd~ idm hshd}~$ Ednlxmh~ phnjade}ejd ed X^M Vph~emhd}~ Nlx`$ZZ Hdnlj~hm e~ i nbhno cjp gu aec} ZZ ^hh nphme} nipm edcjpgi}ejd `hljq

ZZ E qjxlm leoh }j ~xvvjp} }bh Ed~}e}x}h~ vpjapig~ qe}b i aec} jc;ZZ -866 ZZ -086 ZZ -966 ZZ -86 J}bhp -ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ Hdnlj~hm e~ i nbhno cjp gu aec} ZZ ^hh nphme} nipm edcjpgi}ejd `hljq

Vlhi~h nbipah gu nphme} nipm; ZZ Ighpenid Hrvph~~ ZZMe~njshp ZZGi~}h p Nipm ZZSe~i

Inn}$ . ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ Hrv$ ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

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Digh ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

Immph~~ ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

Ne}u*^}i}h*[ev*Njxd}pu ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

Vbjdh "Miu% "ZZZZZZ%ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ "Hsh% "ZZZZZZ%ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

Hgiel ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

ZZ Vlhi~h imm gh }j ujxp gieleda le~} cjp edcjpgi}ejd i`jx} Ed~}e}x}h vpjapig~ idm xvnjgeda hshd}~$


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Women, War, Peace: Politics in Peacebuilding

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