Wireless Computing Practical One-to-One Access On a Budget National School Boards Conference Denver, 2004.

Wireless ComputingWireless Computing

Practical One-to-One AccessPractical One-to-One AccessOn a BudgetOn a Budget

National School Boards ConferenceNational School Boards ConferenceDenver, 2004Denver, 2004

Two Factors that Determine Two Factors that Determine Student Success with TechnologyStudent Success with Technology

AccessAccess Type of useType of use

Questions for LeadersQuestions for Leaders

How to best resource our school/districtHow to best resource our school/district How to implement technology in such a How to implement technology in such a

way that its use is aligned with curriculum way that its use is aligned with curriculum and effective practiceand effective practice

How to help teachers teach effectively How to help teachers teach effectively Help teachers teach more effectively through Help teachers teach more effectively through

appropriate use of technologyappropriate use of technology

Our Questions for the DayOur Questions for the Day

Resource allocationResource allocation Mobile wireless versus traditional labs and Mobile wireless versus traditional labs and

center-based classroomscenter-based classrooms Usage / Implementation ModelUsage / Implementation Model

How does implementation model affect How does implementation model affect access and useaccess and use

Many other questionsMany other questions Handhelds, take-home, instructional Handhelds, take-home, instructional

strategies, other modelsstrategies, other models

AgendaAgenda

One-to-one accessOne-to-one access Budget and access challenges Budget and access challenges How wireless can help meet challengesHow wireless can help meet challenges Considerations for wireless Considerations for wireless Where wireless can helpWhere wireless can help Hardware and standards for wireless Hardware and standards for wireless

LANsLANs Specific hardware and budgetsSpecific hardware and budgets

One-to-OneOne-to-One

True one-to-one is for every student, all True one-to-one is for every student, all the timethe time Very expensiveVery expensive Complete curriculum re-designComplete curriculum re-design A long and arduous process (just ask!)A long and arduous process (just ask!)

Practical one-to-one in the real worldPractical one-to-one in the real world One-to-one access on a regular, ongoing One-to-one access on a regular, ongoing

basisbasis

Why 1-1?Why 1-1?(or other high-access models)(or other high-access models)

Supports project/inquiry-based classroomsSupports project/inquiry-based classrooms Collaboration, communication, research, Collaboration, communication, research,

analysis, productionanalysis, production Supports dynamics of everyday classroomSupports dynamics of everyday classroom

Teachable momentsTeachable moments Tech matches the ebb and flow of classroom Tech matches the ebb and flow of classroom

discussion/lessondiscussion/lesson EngagingEngaging Increases achievement ??Increases achievement ??

Why Not 1-1 ?Why Not 1-1 ?(or other high-access models)(or other high-access models)

Technology emphasized over teaching and Technology emphasized over teaching and learninglearning

Distracting from the learning processDistracting from the learning process Commonly there is insufficient training for Commonly there is insufficient training for

teachers and students to be successfulteachers and students to be successful Cost – benefitCost – benefit Insufficient research on effectInsufficient research on effect

Some indication that high levels of access decrease Some indication that high levels of access decrease scores on standardized tests – at least initiallyscores on standardized tests – at least initially

Implementation ModelsImplementation Models

Research has not certainly shown the type Research has not certainly shown the type of model that maximizes student of model that maximizes student achievementachievement Center-based / model classroomsCenter-based / model classrooms Traditional labsTraditional labs One-to-one accessOne-to-one access

Are there ways to realize the benefits of a Are there ways to realize the benefits of a true one-to-one model at lower cost?true one-to-one model at lower cost?

ChallengesChallenges(the case for practical one-to-one with mobile wireless)(the case for practical one-to-one with mobile wireless)

Shrinking budgetsShrinking budgets Provide adequate computer access when Provide adequate computer access when

needed (ex: NCLB)needed (ex: NCLB) Limited availability of spaceLimited availability of space More accountability for use of equipmentMore accountability for use of equipment Results – greater alignment of technology Results – greater alignment of technology

with curriculumwith curriculum

Can Wireless Help the Budget?Can Wireless Help the Budget?

Wireless labs Wireless labs maymay be be lessless expensive to expensive to install but install but maymay be be moremore expensive to expensive to maintain (watch the TCO!)maintain (watch the TCO!)

Fewer classroom computers neededFewer classroom computers needed Traditional labs may not be needed – Traditional labs may not be needed –

including the common ‘lab facilitator’including the common ‘lab facilitator’ Wireless labs do not occupy a classroom – Wireless labs do not occupy a classroom –

possibly saving on portable/modular possibly saving on portable/modular building costbuilding cost

Cost ComparisonCost ComparisonTraditional Center/Lab vs. Mobile Wireless – 30 classroomsTraditional Center/Lab vs. Mobile Wireless – 30 classrooms

Traditional Center/LabTraditional Center/Lab Center-based Center-based

classrooms with one classrooms with one fixed labfixed lab

5 classroom 5 classroom computers, computers, NetTV/projectorNetTV/projector

177 computers177 computers

$ 231,550.00$ 231,550.00

Mobile WirelessMobile Wireless 2 classroom 2 classroom

computers computers 3 wireless mobile labs 3 wireless mobile labs

with 27 computers with 27 computers eacheach

No fixed labNo fixed lab 141 computers141 computers

$ 170,973.00$ 170,973.00

Access ComparisonAccess Comparison(Assumes wireless labs scheduled by 100% of teachers)(Assumes wireless labs scheduled by 100% of teachers)

TraditionalTraditional 1-1 access 1-1 access 1 hr/1.2 1 hr/1.2

daysdays in groups of 5 in groups of 5

1 hr/week1 hr/week whole-class whole-class in lab in lab

Mobile WirelessMobile Wireless 2 classroom 2 classroom

computers available computers available for teachable for teachable moments/individual moments/individual workwork

1-1 access 1-1 access 1 hr. every 1 hr. every 2.25 days2.25 days in in whole whole classclass

2-1 access 2-1 access 1 hr. every 1 hr. every 1.251.25 days in small days in small group for group for whole classwhole class lessonlesson

Increased Access of WirelessIncreased Access of Wireless

Potential to increase access to networked Potential to increase access to networked computers for computers for allall students students (NCLB)(NCLB)

Up budget to 5 wireless labs Up budget to 5 wireless labs Access goes to 1-1 for 1 hour every 1.5 days and 1 Access goes to 1-1 for 1 hour every 1.5 days and 1

hr. every .75 days with 2-1 accesshr. every .75 days with 2-1 access Cost is Cost is $ 231,550.00$ 231,550.00 for traditional vs. for traditional vs.

$ 236,675.00$ 236,675.00 for mobile wireless for mobile wireless • 177 computers for traditional / 195 wireless mobile177 computers for traditional / 195 wireless mobile• No duplication of projection devices/printersNo duplication of projection devices/printers

Add handheld labs and access goes much Add handheld labs and access goes much higherhigher

Usage/Alignment ComparisonUsage/Alignment Comparison

TraditionalTraditional Small group and whole Small group and whole

class activities difficult to class activities difficult to synchronize and manage synchronize and manage for the long term – for the long term – occasional projects okoccasional projects ok

Lab work does not fit into Lab work does not fit into day-to-day class workday-to-day class work

Centers sit idle when Centers sit idle when technology not used – technology not used – inefficient use of resourcesinefficient use of resources

Mobile WirelessMobile Wireless Unused classroom Unused classroom

computers do not sit idle – computers do not sit idle – maximizes use of maximizes use of resourcesresources

““Just in Time” technology -Just in Time” technology -access where and when access where and when neededneeded

Integral to dynamics of Integral to dynamics of classroom lesson – classroom lesson – technology can ebb and technology can ebb and flowflow

Usage more closely Usage more closely aligned with the day-to-day aligned with the day-to-day curriculum / contentcurriculum / content

Don’t Forget the Staff Don’t Forget the Staff Development!Development!

Instructional technology SD same for most Instructional technology SD same for most modelsmodels

Center and lab-based environments Center and lab-based environments require SD on teaching in and managing require SD on teaching in and managing those environmentsthose environments

Mobile lab requires special considerations Mobile lab requires special considerations that impact SDthat impact SD

Before Using the Lab, the Teacher Before Using the Lab, the Teacher Should Think About…Should Think About…

What specific goal will the mobile lab help my students What specific goal will the mobile lab help my students accomplish?accomplish?

How many computers will I need for the number of students How many computers will I need for the number of students that I have in my class?that I have in my class?

How do I plug in the mobile lab so that everything works?How do I plug in the mobile lab so that everything works? Do I need to check out a single computer to check/preview Do I need to check out a single computer to check/preview

the software and web sites?the software and web sites? How will students save their work?How will students save their work? How much time will it take to distribute and gather the How much time will it take to distribute and gather the

computers and lab?computers and lab? How will I physically locate the student computers?How will I physically locate the student computers? Do I need to use the projector? If so, do I have a screen? Do I need to use the projector? If so, do I have a screen? How long will the students need to have access to the How long will the students need to have access to the

computers? Will the activity require multiple days?computers? Will the activity require multiple days? Will I need to charge the batteries before using the lab?Will I need to charge the batteries before using the lab?

Where to Use Wireless andWhere to Use Wireless andWhere Not to Use WirelessWhere Not to Use Wireless

Wireless is a viable solution for difficult to wire Wireless is a viable solution for difficult to wire installationsinstallations

Wireless allows mobility of technology resourcesWireless allows mobility of technology resources Library, mobile labs, science labs, faculty meetings/training, Library, mobile labs, science labs, faculty meetings/training,

conference rooms, temporary sites, etc.conference rooms, temporary sites, etc. At this time, wireless is not a substitute for wiringAt this time, wireless is not a substitute for wiring

Speed - shared 11mb/54 mb vs. switched 100mbSpeed - shared 11mb/54 mb vs. switched 100mb ReliabilityReliability SecuritySecurity

Use wireless when mobility is the priority or cost is an Use wireless when mobility is the priority or cost is an issueissue

Do not use wireless just because Do not use wireless just because

Hardware Hardware

Basic wireless LANBasic wireless LAN Access PointAccess Point Wireless NICWireless NIC WireWire

Wireless can be ‘painted’ over an entire campusWireless can be ‘painted’ over an entire campus Point-to-point wireless between buildingsPoint-to-point wireless between buildings Wireless can be integrated into existing wired Wireless can be integrated into existing wired

LANLAN Labs in wired classroomsLabs in wired classrooms

Wireless LabWireless LabIntegrated EnvironmentIntegrated Environment

ComponentsComponents Notebook computers with wireless cardsNotebook computers with wireless cards Access pointAccess point Network-able printerNetwork-able printer Storage cartStorage cart Projector – optional but highly recommendedProjector – optional but highly recommended CAT5 patch cable and available dropCAT5 patch cable and available drop Application softwareApplication software

Check-Out LabsCheck-Out Labs

Great way to ease into wirelessGreat way to ease into wireless Very PortableVery Portable

6-8 computers6-8 computers Projector (Optional but HIGHLY recommended)Projector (Optional but HIGHLY recommended) Digital cameraDigital camera Printer (optional) Printer (optional)

Things to considerThings to consider Provide short trainingProvide short training Establish prioritiesEstablish priorities Establish firm procedures and follow themEstablish firm procedures and follow them

StandardsStandards

802.11b (Wi-Fi) will still serve the majority of 802.11b (Wi-Fi) will still serve the majority of needsneeds don’t buy this now – go to 11.gdon’t buy this now – go to 11.g 11 mb shared bandwidth11 mb shared bandwidth InexpensiveInexpensive Wide availability of componentsWide availability of components

502.11g for higher bandwidth needs502.11g for higher bandwidth needs Slightly more expensive Slightly more expensive Backward compatible at 11mbBackward compatible at 11mb New standard – rapidly replacing 802.11bNew standard – rapidly replacing 802.11b

Wireless StandardsWireless StandardsStandard

NameMaximum

Link SpeedExample Ranges:

Depends on environment

FrequencyMaximum

Comments

802.11bWi-Fi

11Mbps 150 ft indoors;2,000 ft.

outdoors

2.4GHz Large number of products, limited number of channels

may cause interference.

802.11a 54Mbps 60 ft indoors;1,600 ft.

outdoors

5GHz Limited number of products, faster speeds, potentially less interference, shorter

range.

802.11g 54MbpsSimilar to 802.11b

5.4GHz and

2.4GHz

Faster speeds with potential backward compatibility to

802.11b

Things to Keep in MindThings to Keep in Mind

Security Security Use 128 bit encryptionUse 128 bit encryption Change access point defaultsChange access point defaults Security policySecurity policy

Site surveySite survey Software installationSoftware installation School Network issuesSchool Network issues TestTest Training – both teacher and studentTraining – both teacher and student Scheduling – battery lifeScheduling – battery life

How Much Does a Lab Cost?How Much Does a Lab Cost? Networking a single notebook can be as little as Networking a single notebook can be as little as

$75$75 Additional computers at $ 50 each for wireless cardAdditional computers at $ 50 each for wireless card

Most labs are in the $30,000 range – add Most labs are in the $30,000 range – add $ 1-2,000 for a projector$ 1-2,000 for a projector

Office and Inspiration are about $ 2,000.Office and Inspiration are about $ 2,000. Misc. supplies can run another $ 100 or soMisc. supplies can run another $ 100 or so You may need a projector screen at $ 100You may need a projector screen at $ 100 Total for a 27 station lab will be about Total for a 27 station lab will be about $ 35,000$ 35,000 Check-out labs (6) - about $ 10,000 w/projectorCheck-out labs (6) - about $ 10,000 w/projector Don’t forget training costs!Don’t forget training costs!

Description Qty Unit Price Total Price

HP Compaq nx9020, with Pentium M340 1.5 GHz Processor, 15" TFT XGA Color Display, 256MB RAM, 40GB HD, 24X DVD/CD-RW Drive, 56K Modem, 10/100 Ethernet, Integrated 802.11b/g Wireless

27 999.00 26,973.00

Hewlett Packard Procurve Wireless b/g Access Point 420wl

1 299.00 299.00

HP Compaq 30 User Laptop Storage Cart 1 1,560.00 1,560.00

5-Port Ethernet switch 1 25.00 25.00

Hewlett Packard LaserJet 1300N Laser Printer, 20 Pages Per Minute, 16MB Memory, Parallel, USB and JetDirect 200m Ethernet Connectivity

1 465.00 465.00

Dell 2200 LCD projectorDell 2200 LCD projector 1 950.00950.00 950.00

HP/Compaq Louisiana State Contract Price

$ 30,282.00

HP Lab HP Lab (low end)(low end)

Dell LabDell Lab(mid-range)(mid-range)

Description Qty Unit Price Total Price

Latitude D505, Celeron M 330 (1.4Ghz), 15.0 XGA, English (221-5825 30 1,350.81 39,778.56

30-Module Notebook Security Cart (A0193635) 1 1,413.001,413.00 1,413.001,413.00

Hewlett Packard LaserJet 1300N Laser Printer, 20 Pages Per Minute, 16MB Memory, Parallel, USB and JetDirect 200m Ethernet Connectivity 1 465.00465.00 465.00

TrueMobile 1170 (802.11b/g) Wireless Access Point (221-4111) 11 246.00246.00 246.00246.00

Dell 2200 LCD projectorDell 2200 LCD projector 11 950.00 950.00

Total $ 42,852.56

ResourcesResources http://www1.us.dell.com/content/topics/global.aspx/vehttp://www1.us.dell.com/content/topics/global.aspx/ve

ctors/en/2001_wireless_security?c=ctors/en/2001_wireless_security?c=us&csus&cs=RC962228&l==RC962228&l=en&sen&s=k12=k12

http://www.cdwg.com/wirelessguidehttp://www.cdwg.com/wirelessguide http://www.cdwg.comhttp://www.cdwg.com http://www.apple.com/education/cart/http://www.apple.com/education/cart/ http://www.wired.com/news/school/0,1383,45809,00.hhttp://www.wired.com/news/school/0,1383,45809,00.h

tmltml http://www.gateway.com/work/ed/wirelesslab.shtmlhttp://www.gateway.com/work/ed/wirelesslab.shtml http://www.dell4k12.com/offers/resource_624.pdfhttp://www.dell4k12.com/offers/resource_624.pdf http://www.education-world.com/a_tech/tech/tech194.http://www.education-world.com/a_tech/tech/tech194.

shtmlshtml

www.rapides.k12.la.us/nsba2004www.rapides.k12.la.us/nsba2004

Performance Goal 3:Performance Goal 3: Technology is integrated throughout Technology is integrated throughout the curriculumthe curriculum

Performance Indicator 3.1:Performance Indicator 3.1: The number of schools in which all students The number of schools in which all students are able to work from a networked computer.are able to work from a networked computer.

Student Access to TechnologyStudent Access to TechnologyDuring the 2003-2004 school year, did ALL students in your school During the 2003-2004 school year, did ALL students in your school have access to a networked computer have access to a networked computer andand were ALL students in were ALL students in your school regularly given the opportunity to do meaningful work your school regularly given the opportunity to do meaningful work from these networked computers, beyond use for drill and practice?from these networked computers, beyond use for drill and practice?

Note:Note: For a school to answer “ For a school to answer “YESYES” to this question would mean ” to this question would mean that the school environment is such that all students have regular that the school environment is such that all students have regular use of a networked computer for learning and research and that the use of a networked computer for learning and research and that the use is across multiple disciplines and classrooms and is consistent use is across multiple disciplines and classrooms and is consistent with the Louisiana K-12 Educational Technology Standards. with the Louisiana K-12 Educational Technology Standards. (Computer use for drill and practice activities in a lab or classroom (Computer use for drill and practice activities in a lab or classroom environment alone would not meet this condition.)environment alone would not meet this condition.)