Wind Energy

Wind PowerPresented by:

Ratnesh Jaiswal(50803030)MBA (Energy)

L.M.Thapar School of ManagementThapar University

Introduction Wind energy is mainly used to generate electricity. Wind

is called a renewable energy source because the wind will blow as long as the sun shines.

Wind energy is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed,

clean, and reduces greenhouse gas emissions when it displaces fossil-fuel-derived electricity.

The History of Wind American colonists used windmills to grind wheat and corn,

to pump water, and to cut wood at sawmill. In the 1920s, Americans used small windmills to generate

electricity in rural areas without electric service. The oil shortages of the 1970s changed the energy picture

for the country and the world. It created an interest in alternative energy sources,

covering the way for the re-entry of the windmill to generate electricity.

In the early 1980s wind energy really took off in California, partly because of state policies that encouraged renewable energy sources.

How Wind Machine Work

Wind machines use blades to collect the wind’s kinetic energy. The wind flows over the airfoil shaped blades causing lift, like the effect on airplane wings, causing them to turn. The blades are connected to a drive shaft that turns an electric generator to produce electricity.

TYPES OF WIND MACHINES

Horizontal–axis wind machines.

Vertical-axis wind machines.

Horizontal–axis Wind Machines

Horizontal-axis wind machines have blades like airplane propellers.

A horizontal wind machine stands as tall as a 20-story building and has three blades that span 200 feet across. The largest wind machines in the world have blades longer than a football field! Wind machines stand tall and wide to capture more wind.

Vertical-axis Wind Machines

Vertical–axis wind machines have blades that go from top to bottom and the most common type (Darrieus wind turbine) looks like a giant two-bladed egg beaters.

The type of vertical wind machine typically stands 100 feet tall

and 50 feet wide. Vertical-axis wind machines make up only a very small percent of the wind machines used.

Wind Turbine Installation

Financial Benefits

80% Depreciation in the first year.Operation and maintenance costs are low.Zero input fuel cost.Pay back in shorter duration.Cost of generation is almost zero after pay back

period.Zero import duty on certain parts.Tax holidays for newer power projects for 5 years.Wheeling to SEB is easy, so no marketing

problems.

RENEWABLE SOURCES COST OF GENERATION

Sources CAPITAL COST(Rs. Crores / MW )

GENERATION COST(Rs. / KWH )

WIND POWER 3.5   2.25

SMALL HYDRO 3.5 -6.0   1.50 -3.50

SOLAR 30.0   15.00-20.00

PHOTOVOLTAIC 9.0   5.80

SEA WAVE 2.4   1.10

Installed Wind Power Capacity(MW)

Rank Nation 2005 2006 2007

1 Germany 18,415 20,622 22,427

2 United States 9,149 11,603 16,813

3 Spain 10,028 11,615 15,145

4 India 4,430 6,270 8,000

5 China 1,260 2,604 6,050

6 Denmark 3,136 3,140 3,195

7 Italy 1,718 2,123 2,726

8 France 757 1,567 2,726

9 United kingdom 1,332 1,963 2,389

10 Portugal 1,022 1,716 2,150

10 Billion tonne saving in CO2 possible with Wind Energy by 2020

Wind power is key technology to prevent dangerous climate change.

Wind power could produce 12% of the world’s energy needs and save 10 billion tones of CO2 within 12 years.

Wind Energy Programme in India

The Wind power programme in India was initiated towards the end of the Sixth Plan, in 1983-84.

The Wind Resources Assessment Programme is being implemented through the State Nodal Agencies, Field Research Unit of Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM-FRU) and Centre for Wind Energy Technology (C-WET).

Installed Capacity per state in India

States March 2008

Tamilnadu 3873.4 MW

Karnataka 1011.4 MW

Maharashtra 1755.9 MW

Rajasthan 538.8 MW

Andhra Pradesh 122.5 MW

Madhya Pradesh 187.7 MW

Kerala 10.5 MW

Gujarat 1252.9 MW

West Bengal 1.1 MW

Total 8754.0 MW

General Information about Wind Energy.

In India Wind Turbines of 250 KW to 1650 KW systems are being manufactured for power generation.

Wind speed of about 2.5 m/s to 30 m/s velocity to generate.

Rate of power generation depends on air density, direction of wind, wind speed and number of blades etc.

1 MW wind turbine generates about 28 to 30 lakh units of electricity which costs Rs 4.5 to 5 crores for installation.

Asia's largest Wind Turbine generator of 2 MW capacity has been installed at CHETTIKULAM in TIRUNELVELI district of Tamilnadu.

Wind Power-International Scenario Nearly 75% of development in Europe.

Germany leading with more than 14,000 MW of installed capacity.

180 GW projected by 2012.

Wind power can meet 12% of world electricity requirements-EWEA.

International majors such as BP, SHELL, UNILEVER, GE are involved in Wind Power development.

Thank you