Why are electrons important? • Electrons are responsible for HOW ELEMENTS REACT • That is why we learned how to: – Write electron configurations – Draw electron orbital diagrams • When we understand electrons – we can predict how elements will behave (what we can do with them) – Understand the structure of the
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Why are electrons important? Electrons are responsible for HOW ELEMENTS REACT That is why we learned how to: – Write electron configurations – Draw electron.
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Transcript
Why are electrons important?
• Electrons are responsible for HOW ELEMENTS REACT
• That is why we learned how to:–Write electron configurations–Draw electron orbital diagrams
• When we understand electrons–we can predict how elements will behave
(what we can do with them)–Understand the structure of the periodic table
Valence Electrons
• The specific electrons responsible for the chemical properties of an element
• Electrons in an atoms outermost orbitals
• They are in the highest energy levels
Valence Electrons
• Identify number of valence electrons using…–Electron Shell Diagrams–Electron Configurations–Periodic Table
Electron Shell Diagrams
Electron Shell Diagram
Element Symbol F Cl Br I# Protons
# Total Electrons
# Valence Electrons
997
17177
35357
53537
Electron Shell Diagrams• Rules–Draw the nucleus (label
number of protons)–Determine number of
total electrons–The 1st shell can only hold
2 electrons–The 2nd and 3rd shells can
only hold 8 electrons
9
Fluorine9 protons9 electrons
Electron Shell Diagrams
Electron Shell Diagram
Element Symbol B# Protons
# Total Electrons
# Valence Electrons
5
553
Electron Shell Diagrams
Electron Shell Diagram
Element Symbol C# Protons
# Total Electrons
# Valence Electrons
6
664
Electron Shell Diagrams
Electron Shell Diagram
Element Symbol N# Protons
# Total Electrons
# Valence Electrons
7
775
Electron Shell Diagrams
Electron Shell Diagram
Element Symbol O# Protons
# Total Electrons
# Valence Electrons
8
886
Electron Configuration
1. Write the electron configurationO 1s2 2s2 2p4
2. Circle the subshells in the highest energy levels
O 1s2 2s2 2p4
3. Count the electrons in those orbitalsO 1s2 2s2 2p4
2 4+ = 6
O
Electron ConfigurationElement Symbol Electron Configuration # Total