Who figured this Genetics Stuff Out? Biology Standards 3a and b Genetic s.

Who figured this Genetics Stuff Out?

Biology Standards 3a and b

Genetics

Introduction• Genetics:

study of heredity

• Heredity: DNA passes

to each generation.

Traits

• Specific characteristics that are coded from DNA

Golden Fur

Black Chin

4 limbs

2 white ears

2 eyesTPS:

Describe traits of this animal

Genes Control Traits

• Genes: sequences of DNA

• Has 2 contrasting forms called alleles

Alleles

• Can either be dominant (shows up in phenotype) or recessive (does not show

up in presence of a dominant allele)• Called principle of dominance

HIStory• Gregor Mendel,

a botanist monk, worked on pea plants.

• Performed crosses of plants: pollen on female part of plant.

Sexy Pea

Plants!

P vs F1 vs F2 Generations

• P = Parents

• F1 = 1st Generation

• F2 = 2nd Generation

Laws!• Alleles

separate during formation of sex cells (gametes). Law of segregation

• Law of independent assortment

• Genes for diff. traits assort independently of each other.

• Ex: if you have brown hair does not mean you will get brown eyes…. traits separate independently

Laws!