Which statement best describes the beliefs of the Enlightenment thinkers? 1. They had faith that absolute monarchs would govern wisely and fairly. 2. They.

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Which statement best describes the beliefs of the Enlightenment

thinkers?1. They had faith that absolute

monarchs would govern wisely and fairly.

2. They believed that science and reason could improve people’s lives.

3. They believed religion alone could answer all questions about life.

4. They believed that the ancient Greeks and Romans knew all there was to know.

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Which groups played the greatest role in the Enlightenment?

1. peasants and farmers 2. soldiers and military

leaders 3. scientists and scholars4. explorers and

adventurers

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How did the Enlightenment differ from the Renaissance?

1. During the Enlightenment, kings and queens no longer held power.

2. During the Enlightenment, governments always treated the poor and the rich equally.

3. During the Enlightenment, Europe became less powerful than America.

4. During the Enlightenment, people increasingly looked to science to answer their questions about the natural world

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In which part of the world did the Enlightenment begin?

1. Europe2. Asia 3. the United States 4. South America

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Which of the following best describes lsaac Newton?

1. influential scientist 2. father of democracy 3. friend of the poor

peasants 4. leader of religious thought

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Newton’s theory of gravity draws what conclusions?

1. People descended from apes.

2. A natural force pulls Objects toward Earth.

3. The monarch does not rule by- divine right.

4. Eating at least one apple each day promotes good health

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Why was Rene Descartes known as the “father of modern

philosophy?”1. He wrote a new

constitution for his country

2. He plotted to overthrow the monarch.

3. He used reason to ask questions and find truths.

4. He discovered medicines that improved health and increased life expectancy.

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Descartes encouraged people to doubt everything except

1. the word of the church. 2. a monarch’s right to rule. 3. their own existence4. the law.

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Which of the following ideas is associated with Thomas Hobbes?

1. I think, therefore I am. 2. tabula rasa 3. life, liberty, and pursuit of

happiness 4. the need for a strong

government

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Which statement best describes Thomas Hobbes’s conclusions

about human nature?1. People are naturally

selfish and greedy.2. Given a choice, people

will help one another.3. People in society are

naturally peaceful.4. Given a choice, people

will help only family members.

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Which type of government did Thomas Hobbes support?

1. an absolute monarchy 2. a monarch whose power

is limited by a parliament 3. democracy with

government officials elected by the people

4. no government

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Which did Hobbes consider most important for a strong society?

1. human rights 2. law and order 3. exploration and discovery 4. scientific research

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What did ]ohn Locke consider a government’s most important duty?1. to force all citizens to

practice a single religion 2. to expand the nation’s

borders 3. to avoid war and promote

world peace 4. to protect the natural

rights of citizens

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Locke believed that a good government gets its power from ____?

1. God. 2. the people. 3. military strength. 4. a strict monarch.

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According to Locke, which of the following is true?

1. People are born naturally greedy and selfish.

2. People are born with no rights whatsoever

3. Some people are born good while others are born evil.

4. People develop their nature through life experiences.

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Both Locke and Hobbes lived through a period in English history

that brought1. many political struggles

between the Parliament and the crown.

2. a better way of life for all citizens.

3. the collapse of the British Empire.

4. total democracy

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How did john Locke feel about England’s Glorious Revolution?

1. He was against it because it gave too much power to the monarch.

2. He supported it because it brought a stronger Parliament and a Bill of Rights.

3. He opposed any form of rebellion.

4. He was disappointed because it did not provide total democracy

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Locke’s ideas were considered radical because he ____?

1. said that people had the right to overthrow a bad government.

2. was a friend and tutor to King Charles II.

3. left his home in England to live in Paris.

4. had ideas that differed from those of Thomas Hobbes.

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What was Montesquieu’s purpose in writing The Persian Letters?

1. to promote friendship between Persia and France

2. to encourage Persian travelers to visit France

3. to criticize French government and society

4. to encourage a revolution in Persia

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Why did Montesquieu write under a pseudonym

1. He could get in trouble for speaking against the crown.

2. He didn’t think anyone would buy a book he had written.

3. He was embarrassed by his ideas.

4. French noblemen weren’t allowed to write books

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Which of the following did Voltaire most value?

1. an orderly society with strictly enforced laws

2. the freedom to express one’s opinions

3. living according the religious teachings of the church

4. loyalty to the crown

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The French philosophes were?

1. scholars and thinkers who considered ways to achieve a better society.

2. monarchs who refused to give up total control.

3. peasants and slum dwellers who launched a revolt against the crown.

4. noble men and women of the French court.

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Which of John Locke’s ideas influenced the American patriots’ decision fight a war for

independence from Great Britain?1. People are the way they are

because of their experiences in life.

2. One’s mind at birth is like a blank sheet of paper.

3. People should rebel against a government that does not protect their rights.

4. People learn about their world through their senses of sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch.

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Who was known as an American philosophe?

1. George Washington 2. Benjamin Franklin 3. Thomas Jefferson 4. James Madison

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Which of Montesquieu’s ideas greatly influenced the organization of the U.S.

government, as outlined in the Constitution?1. A government needs strict

laws to keep people in order2. The use of reason helps

people understand the world.3. A separation of powers will

keep any one branch of government from becoming too strong.

4. People must question everything except their own existence.

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