Which of the following words describes change according to the principle of uniformitariansim? 1. Sudden 2. Rare 3. Global 4. Gradual.

Ch. 3 The Rock and Fossil Record Review

Which of the following words describes change according to the principle of uniformitariansim?

Sudden

Rare

Global

Grad

ual

4%

88%

4%4%

1. Sudden2. Rare3. Global4. Gradual

Scientists who study past life including fossils of plants and animals are called . . .

Archeologis

ts

Anthro

pologists

Unifo

rmita

rianist

s

Paleontologist

s

0%

88%

4%8%

1. Archeologists2. Anthropologists3. Uniformitarianist

s4. Paleontologists

Determining whether an object is older or younger than other objects is called . .

Relative dating

Superp

osition

Absolute

dating

Geologic

dating

76%

0%8%

16%

1. Relative dating2. Superposition3. Absolute dating4. Geologic dating

Molten rock that squeezes into existing rock and cools is called

Fold

Fault

Intru

sion

Unco

nformity

0% 4%

92%

4%

1. Fold2. Fault3. Intrusion4. Unconformity

Fossils are most often preserved in

Ice

Rock

Amber

Tar pits

0%4%

17%

79%1. Ice2. Rock3. Amber4. Tar pits

A cavity in rock where a plant or animal was buried is called

Cast M

old

Imprin

t

Trace fo

ssil

44%

0%

12%

44%1. Cast2. Mold3. Imprint4. Trace fossil

What is an index fossil?

A naturally

preserve

d foss.

.

Tracks,

burrows,

nests of..

.

A fossi

l of a

n organism ...

A fossi

l that r

eprese

nts a...

19%10%

62%

10%

1. A naturally preserved fossil that shows evidence of animal activity.

2. Tracks, burrows, nests of extinct animal.

3. A fossil of an organism that lived during a relatively short well-defined time span.

4. A fossil that represents a missing part of the geologic column

Erosion and nondeposition cause

Folding

Cross

cutti

ng

Intru

sions

Unco

nformities

5%

82%

5%9%

1. Folding2. Cross cutting3. Intrusions4. Unconformities

All of the following are types of unconformities EXCEPT . . .

Angular u

nconfo

rmities

Anticonfo

rmities

Disc

onform

ities

Nonco

nform

ities

10%5%5%

80%

1. Angular unconformities

2. Anticonformities3. Disconformities4. Nonconformities

Which of the following is in the correct order from largest to smallest amounts of time?

Eon, e

ra, p

eriod

Epoch

, era, p

eriod

Epoch

, perio

d, era

Period, e

ra, eon

52%

29%

14%

5%

1. Eon, era, period2. Epoch, era, period

3. Epoch, period, era

4. Period, era, eon

The Cretaceous, Jurassic and Triassic time periods were in what era?

Cenzoic

Paleozoic

Phanerozo

ic

Meso

zoic

4%

50%

4%

42%

1. Cenzoic2. Paleozoic3. Phanerozoic4. Mesozoic

Which of the following were NOT in the Paleozoic Era?

Permian

Archeon

Siluria

n

Ord

ivicia

n

23%

14%14%

50%1. Permian2. Archeon3. Silurian4. Ordivician

What eon, era and period do we live in?

Prote

rzoic,

Cenozoic,

Ter...

Phanerozo

ic, Cenozo

ic, ...

Paleozoic,

Quart

ernary,

...

Hadeon, P

hanerozo

ic, Q

...

25%

15%

30%30%

1. Proterzoic, Cenozoic, Tertiary

2. Phanerozoic, Cenozoic, Quarternary

3. Paleozoic, Quarternary, Tertiary

4. Hadeon, Phanerozoic, Quarternary

The principle that outlines how rocks like undisturbed sequences with the older rocks on the bottom is called . . .

Relative dating

Radiometric d

ating

Superp

osition

Law of c

ross

cutti

ng

0% 5%

86%

9%

1. Relative dating2. Radiometric dating3. Superposition4. Law of cross cutting

An unstable isotope is called the . .

Son is

otope

Daughte

r isoto

pe

Gran

dparent is

otope

Parent is

otope

20% 20% 20%20%20% 1. Son isotope2. Daughter isotope3. Grandparent isotope4. Parent isotope

0 of 27

Of the following isotopes, which is stable?

uranium-238

carb

on-12

potassium-40

carb

on-14

20%

48%

8%

24%

1. uranium-238 2. carbon-123. potassium-40 4. carbon-14

Which method of radiometric dating is used mainly to date the remains of organisms that lived within the last 50,000 years?

carb

on-14 dating

potassium-arg

on dating

uranium-le

ad dating

rubidium-st

rontium dating

52%

14%19%

14%

1. carbon-14 dating2. potassium-argon

dating3. uranium-lead dating4. rubidium-strontium

dating

The largest divisions of geologic time are called . . .

Periods

Eons

Eras

Epoch

s

10%5%5%

80%1. Periods2. Eons3. Eras4. Epochs

To determine the most accurate and precise age of Earth’s oldest rocks, geologists would use

Relative dating

The uranium-le

ad meth

od

The carb

on-14 meth

od

Index f

ossils

55%

15%

5%

25%

1. Relative dating2. The uranium-lead

method3. The carbon-14 method4. Index fossils

Which of the following processes always occurs at a steady rate?

Erosio

n

Deca

y of org

anic matter

Sedim

ent depositi

on

Radioactive

decay

11%

74%

11%5%

1. Erosion2. Decay of organic

matter3. Sediment

deposition4. Radioactive decay

Which of the following is correct from oldest to youngest?

3, 1, 6

, 5, 4

, 2

2, 4, 5

, 3, 6

, 1

4, 5, 2

, 3, 6

, 1

5, 4 , 2

, 6, 1

, 3

25% 25%25%25%

1. 3, 1, 6, 5, 4, 22. 2, 4, 5, 3, 6, 13. 4, 5, 2, 3, 6, 14. 5, 4 , 2, 6, 1, 3

If a rock started with 260 g of potassium and 0 g of argon and had a half life of 10 years, how much potassium would be left after 4 half lives?

40 years

54 grams

32.5 grams

16.25 grams

14%

71%

5%10%

1. 40 years2. 54 grams3. 32.5 grams4. 16.25 grams

If after 3 half lives there was only 8 grams of parent carbon 14 left, how much carbon was there to start with if the half life of carbon is 5,715 years long?

1 gram

64 grams

17,415 years

32 grams

0%

29%

38%33%

1. 1 gram2. 64 grams3. 17,415 years4. 32 grams

How many years would it take for a 120 kg of a radioactive isotope to decay to 3.75 kg if the half life for that isotope was 3 years?

15 years

12 years

40 years

32 years

25%

20%

30%

25%1. 15 years2. 12 years3. 40 years4. 32 years