Water Induced Disaster Risk Management

Water Induced Disaster Risk Management

Some DefinitionsHazard: Condition or a phenomenon that has potential to create loss of life and property

Vulnerability: Extent to which the community will be affected by an impact of certain hazard.

Capacity: Ability of certain community to mitigate, prepare foror quickly recover from a disaster

Disaster: Tragic event causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life and property or drastic change in the environment.

Risk: Probability that the hazard will cause damage to life, property and environment

R = HAZARD x VULNERABILITY

CAPACITY

Water induced disaster risks are the risks which arise due to actions of water on the existing hazard.

Avalanche

Flood

Tsunamii

Landslide

GLOF

Water Induced Disaster Risk Management: Systematic process of using administrative decisions, organizations, operational capacities to implement policies, strategies and coping capacities to lessen the impacts of hazards.

It comprises of the following components:

1. Mitigation: Measures taken prior to the disaster to minimize its effects.

2. Preparedness: Measures taken in anticipation of a disaster.

3. Response: Measures taken aftermath of disaster.

4. Recovery: Re-establishments of services and provisions.

The Study Area

Ramche VDC of Sindhupalchowk District

Features of Ramche Located at the boundary of Lesser Himalayas and Higher Himalayas.

Main Central Thrust (MCT) passes through this area. Has Kunchha formation consisting of thinly bedded phyllites, gritty phyllites with thin

intercalation of white quartzite. Highly vulnerable to the water induced disasters such as landslide, soil erosion, slope

failure, mass movement etc. due to• poor geological condition• high relief and steep slopes • active geology and • intense monsoon rainfall.

Was struck by a BIG landslide known as Jure Landslide on August 2, 2014 which claimed lives of 156 people.

Ramche

Jure Landslide

To observe the potential risks of Ramche VDC and people who will be affected by it.

To propose mitigation measures which can be adopted to minimize or eliminate those risks.

To propose a safe habitable area for the people of Ramche VDC currently residing in the vulnerable area.

To study the social, economic and psychological impacts of the Jure landslide.

To propose plans and strategies to minimize or eliminate the problems being faced by local people due to the landslide.

Landslide Risk of

Ramche

Attention of concerned authority needed.

Risk management needed ASAP.

If not managed,Ramche will face another Jure Landslide

People live in constant fear of imminent landslide.

Study of Jure Landslide

To know the capabilities of a disaster

To know social impacts of the Landslide

To know economic impacts of the Landslide.

To know the psychological impacts.

Methodology

Methods of Data Collection

Primary Method

Secondary Method

A questionnaire was prepared to meet the requirements of the project.

Concerned informants were interviewed and their answers were recorded.

Thorough study of the present state of Nepal in the context of its vulnerability towards the water-induced disasters.

Different journals and research papers were referenced

Methods of Data Analysis

Consisted of examining the surveys for correctness and completeness.

The information collected by the enumerators was compiled and studied.

Finally the refined data was analyzed with the help of construction of the bar graph created using Excel 2013

Discussions

Landslide Risks of Ramche

Dhad-Kharka Khakre Hill


Chepe Gaun Scouring by Sunkoshi River


Earthquake: Recent major earthquake of

25 April and its aftershocks have

weakened the fragile rocks of Ramche. Cracks have been

developed at various places.

Dhad-Kharka Khakre Hill Crown of Jure Landslide

202

14 15

Hazard Areas and Households at Risk

Dhad-Kharka Khakre Hill Crown of Jure Landslide

Hazard Areas

Num

ber

of h

ouse

hold

s at

ris

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Mitigation

.

To drain out the excess water and prevent it from entering the rock cracks.

Surface Drainage

Consists of

Drainage Collection Works To collect surface flow by installing corrugated half pipes or lined U-ditches along the slopes.

Drainage Channel Works To remove the collected water out of the landslide zone as quickly as possible .

Surface Erosion Control

It can be achieved by the use of geomats and steel wire mesh.

Geomat Steel Wire Mesh

Anchors

Reinforcement Measures

Network of micropiles

Soil Nailing

Anchors Micropiles Nailing

Retaining Walls Designed and constructed to resist the lateral pressure of soil.

Prevent smaller sized and secondary landslides that often occur along the toe portion of the larger landslides.

Bio-engineering

Application of engineering design and technology to living systems. Offers environmental friendly and highly cost and time effective solution to slope instability and problems in mountainous and hilly areas.

Weak geology Poor economy

Political instabilityLack of skilled manpower

Surface Drainage

Geomats

Steel Wire Mesh

Bio-Engineering

Preparedness

Landslide hazard zonation of Ramche. Awareness of the local people.

Organization of communication, information and warning system.

Stock of foods, drugs and other essential commodities.

Development of evacuation plans.

Provision of landslide insurance

Response

Emergency response to a landslide should be pre-planned

Resources needed to cope with the disaster should be amassed

Search and rescue of affected persons is paramount

Jure Landslide

Social Impacts

Economic Impacts

Destruction of 2 km section of Arniko Highway. Inundation of power house of the Sanima Hydropower Project. Washing away of two gates of Sunkoshi Hydropower dam Destruction of huge amount of property worth millions.

Problems due to Jure Landslide

People are still living in the tents and temporary huts. No nearby water resources is available in those areas.Problems of irrigation due to destruction of low scale irrigation channels.

Problems of frequent power cuts due to damaging of electric supply lines. No plans from government to migrate the people living in risky areas.

The displaced people should be relocated out of the camps. Small huts with necessary sanitation can be constructed.

Water supply pipelines should be laid as soon as possible.

Irrigation channels should be reconstructed

Electricity supply poles should be erected and supply lines should be established.

People from affected area should be provided jobs to support them.

People of Ramche VDC living in the risky areas should be relocated. If relocation is not possible, then the geological threats should be minimized.

Water induced disaster risks are common in the scenario of Nepal.

Ramche VDC which suffered a major landslide in recent times is vulnerable to further disasters.

It is necessary to adopt disaster risk management schemes in this village to avoid imminent disasters.

The mistakes carried out in the past should not be repeated and safety of villagers of Ramche be ensured as soon as possible.

For Listening

of course!

Dipendra Man Rajak Gokul Saud Himalay

ShahKamlesh

Yadav Manoj Kafle Raj Kumar Khadka