Warm-Up: Answer the question on the back of your video guide:

Warm-Up:Answer the question on the back of your video guide: • Was the war inevitable?

Could it have been avoided? Why was compromise so unsuccessful?

Students will review the beginning events of the Civil War

Students will understand the significance of key people, events and battles in the Civil War

Students will complete a document analysis of the Emancipation Proclamation and the Gettysburg Address

Objectives:

Nickname: Union or Yankees

Uniform Color: Blue

Reasons for Fighting: ◦Preserve the union◦End slavery

Characteristics of the North

1)Larger population2)Banks/more money available3)Industry4)Railroads5)Established military6)Established central government

Advantages of the North

North: Key Generals

2) George McClellan1) Ulysses S. Grant

4) Ambrose Burnside3) William T Sherman

You must KNOW Ulysses S. Grant! (I will be President

in a few years)

Look at my lovely sideburns…

…..wait for it)

President Lincoln fires me

after an epic fail.

They still curse me in the South.

Nickname: ConfederatesUniform Color: Grey Reasons for fighting:

◦Defend slavery◦Defend states’ rights◦Preserve their way of life

Characteristics of the South

1)Fighting on home turf2)Had a cause to fight for3)Strong military leaders (Robert E.

Lee)4)Knew how to ride horses and use

firearms5)Possibility of foreign aid (Cotton

diplomacy)

Advantages of the South

South: Key Generals

2) “Stonewall” Jackson1) Robert E. Lee

3) George Pickett

You must KNOW Robert E. Lee – a Virginian and a

brilliant general!

Ever driven on Lee-Jackson

highway? (Rt 50)Ever been on Pickett Rd in

Fairfax?

Fort Sumter, SC (April 1861) – First shots fired in the Civil War◦Confederates capture Union fort

Virginia secedes 5 days later; splits into two states as a result

Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina follow VA soon after

The Civil War Begins

Southern states that seceded from the Union: ◦South Carolina (SC-1st) ◦Mississippi (MS)◦Florida (FL)◦Alabama (AL)◦Arkansas (AR)

To secede or not to secede….

oTennessee (TN)oLouisiana (LA)oTexas (TX)oGeorgia (GA)oVirginia (VA)

Border states that still practiced slavery but that remained in the Union: ◦Delaware (DE)◦Kentucky (KY)◦Missouri (MO)◦Maryland (MD)

To secede or not to secede….

1) Two-pronged blockade of Confederacy’s Atlantic and Gulf coast ports

Northern strategy: Anaconda Plan

Atlantic ports

Gulf po

rts

2) Send naval gunboats down Mississippi River to capture New Orleans

This would cut off the south geographically

and economically

Northern strategy: Anaconda Plan

Miss. River

3) Armies would then capture theConfederate capital of Richmond,

Virginia

-BUT the Southern coastline had 180 ports – the Union navy had few ships to spare

-Plan was approved by Lincoln

but was unsuccessful

Northern strategy: Anaconda Plan

Virginia, 1861: First major battle of the war; Confederate victory

Union soldiers march from Washington D.C. towards Richmond

◦They are cut off by Confederates and retreat towards D.C.

Battle of Manassas (Bull Run)

Before this point, Northerners assumed it would be a quick war; picnickers gathered at the battle site

Outcome: After the battle, both the North and South realized this would be a long and bloody war

Battle of Manassas (Bull Run)

Maryland, 1862: Lee invades the North in an attempt to surprise Washington D.C.

His plans are intercepted by Union troops under General McClellan

Battle of Antietam (MD)

The battle is a stalemate, but the South is able to retreat.

The Union counts it as a victory, but

McClellan is fired for letting Lee get

away.

You’re fired!

Outcomes: Is considered the bloodiest single day of the Civil War (26,000 + casualties)

Britain decides not to help the South

Gives Lincoln opportunity to issue the Emancipation Proclamation

Battle of Antietam

The Sunken Road, Antietam

Issued by Lincoln after Union victory at Antietam

Abolished slavery in every Confederate state; however it freed only the slaves in rebellion states

Allowed black soldiers to enlist in the Union army

Gave the North a ‘human cause’ to fight for

Emancipation Proclamation