War of1812

Susan M. PojerSusan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua,

NYNY

Susan M. PojerSusan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua,

NYNY

Jeffersonian DemocracyJeffersonian Democracy

• Inaugural AddressInaugural Address

• ““But every difference of opinion is But every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle. We not a difference of principle. We have called by different names have called by different names brethren of the same principle. We brethren of the same principle. We are all Republicans, we are all are all Republicans, we are all Federalists.”Federalists.”

Jeffersonian DemocracyJeffersonian Democracy• Small Government is BeautifulSmall Government is Beautiful

• cut army & Navycut army & Navy

• Eliminated internal taxesEliminated internal taxes

• Reduce Federal BankReduce Federal Bank

• Push for free tradePush for free trade

Jeffersonian DemocracyJeffersonian Democracy• Westward ExpansionWestward Expansion

• Louisiana Purchase – Louisiana Purchase – Constitutional?Constitutional?

• Why do it? (Agrarian Republic)Why do it? (Agrarian Republic)

1. Napoleonic Wars1. Napoleonic Wars1. Napoleonic Wars1. Napoleonic Wars

Q 1808-1811 1808-1811 Britain impressed Britain impressed over over 6,000 American 6,000 American sailors. sailors.

2. Chesapeake-Leopard 2. Chesapeake-Leopard “Affair”“Affair”

2. Chesapeake-Leopard 2. Chesapeake-Leopard “Affair”“Affair”Q June 21, 1807.June 21, 1807.

Q Br. Captain fired on Br. Captain fired on the USS Chesapeake.the USS Chesapeake.

Q 3 dead, 18 wounded.3 dead, 18 wounded.

Q Br. Foreign Office Br. Foreign Office said it was a mistake.said it was a mistake.

Q Jefferson’s Response:Jefferson’s Response:

Forbade Br. ships to dock in Forbade Br. ships to dock in American ports.American ports.

Ordered state governors to call up Ordered state governors to call up as much as 100,000 militiamen.as much as 100,000 militiamen.

3. The Embargo Act 3. The Embargo Act (1807)(1807)

The “OGRABME” TurtleThe “OGRABME” Turtle

3. The Embargo Act 3. The Embargo Act (1807)(1807)

The “OGRABME” TurtleThe “OGRABME” Turtle

Presidential Election of Presidential Election of 18081808

Presidential Election of Presidential Election of 18081808

James Madison James Madison Becomes PresidentBecomes President

James Madison James Madison Becomes PresidentBecomes President

Dolly Madison: The Dolly Madison: The President’s Greatest President’s Greatest

AssetAsset

Dolly Madison: The Dolly Madison: The President’s Greatest President’s Greatest

AssetAsset

4. The Non-Intercourse 4. The Non-Intercourse Act Act (1809)(1809)

4. The Non-Intercourse 4. The Non-Intercourse Act Act (1809)(1809)Q Replaced the Embargo Act.Replaced the Embargo Act.

Q Remained U. S. policy until 1812.Remained U. S. policy until 1812.

Q Unexpected ConsequencesUnexpected Consequences::

N. Eng. was forced to become self-N. Eng. was forced to become self-sufficient again [old factories sufficient again [old factories reopened].reopened].

Laid the groundwork for US Laid the groundwork for US industrial power.industrial power.

Jefferson, a critic of an industrial Jefferson, a critic of an industrial America, ironically contributed to America, ironically contributed to Hamilton’s view of the US!!!Hamilton’s view of the US!!!

5. Br. Instigation of 5. Br. Instigation of IndiansIndians

5. Br. Instigation of 5. Br. Instigation of IndiansIndians

British General Brock Meets with British General Brock Meets with TecumsehTecumseh

British General Brock Meets with British General Brock Meets with TecumsehTecumseh

Q General William HenryGeneral William HenryHarrison Harrison governor of governor ofthe Indiana Territory.the Indiana Territory.

Q Invited Native IndianInvited Native Indianchiefs to Ft. Wayne, INchiefs to Ft. Wayne, INto sign away 3 mil. acres to sign away 3 mil. acres of land to the US of land to the US government.government.

Q Tecumseh organized a confederacy of Tecumseh organized a confederacy of Indian tribes to fight for their homelands.Indian tribes to fight for their homelands.

Q Tecumseh’s brother fought against Tecumseh’s brother fought against Harrison and was defeated at Tippecanoe.Harrison and was defeated at Tippecanoe.

Q This made Harrison a national hero!This made Harrison a national hero![1840 election [1840 election Tippecanoe & Tyler, Tippecanoe & Tyler, too!too!]]

Battle of Tippecanoe, Battle of Tippecanoe, 18111811

Battle of Tippecanoe, Battle of Tippecanoe, 18111811

““War Hawks”War Hawks”““War Hawks”War Hawks”

Henry Clay Henry Clay [KY][KY]

Henry Clay Henry Clay [KY][KY]

John C. Calhoun John C. Calhoun [SC][SC]

John C. Calhoun John C. Calhoun [SC][SC]

Presidential Election of Presidential Election of 18121812

Presidential Election of Presidential Election of 18121812

““Mr. Madison’s War!”Mr. Madison’s War!”““Mr. Madison’s War!”Mr. Madison’s War!”

American ProblemsAmerican ProblemsAmerican ProblemsAmerican ProblemsQ The US was unprepared militarily:The US was unprepared militarily:

Had a 12-ship navy vs. Britain’sHad a 12-ship navy vs. Britain’s800 ships.800 ships.

Americans disliked a draft Americans disliked a draft preferred to enlist in the preferred to enlist in the disorganized state militias.disorganized state militias.

Q Financially unprepared:Financially unprepared:

Flood of paper $.Flood of paper $.

Revenue from import tariffs Revenue from import tariffs declined.declined.

Q Regional disagreements.Regional disagreements.

OvervieOvervieww

of theof theWarWarofof

18121812

OvervieOvervieww

of theof theWarWarofof

18121812

3 U. S. Invasions of 3 U. S. Invasions of 18121812

3 U. S. Invasions of 3 U. S. Invasions of 18121812

Campaigns of 1813Campaigns of 1813Campaigns of 1813Campaigns of 1813

Battle of Fort Battle of Fort McHenry,McHenry,

18141814

Battle of Fort Battle of Fort McHenry,McHenry,

18141814

Oh Say Can You SeeOh Say Can You SeeBy the Dawn’s Early Light…By the Dawn’s Early Light… -- -- Francis Scott KeyFrancis Scott Key

Gave proof through the Gave proof through the night,night,

That our flag was still That our flag was still there..there..

Gave proof through the Gave proof through the night,night,

That our flag was still That our flag was still there..there..

Attack on Ft. Oswego, Attack on Ft. Oswego, 18141814

Attack on Ft. Oswego, Attack on Ft. Oswego, 18141814

Hartford ConventionHartford ConventionDecember, 1814 – December, 1814 –

January, 1815January, 1815

Hartford ConventionHartford ConventionDecember, 1814 – December, 1814 –

January, 1815January, 1815

Treaty of GhentTreaty of GhentDecember 24, 1814December 24, 1814

Treaty of GhentTreaty of GhentDecember 24, 1814December 24, 1814

The Battle of New The Battle of New Orleans, 1815Orleans, 1815

The Battle of New The Battle of New Orleans, 1815Orleans, 1815

The Battle of New The Battle of New Orleans, 1815Orleans, 1815

The Battle of New The Battle of New Orleans, 1815Orleans, 1815

Jackson’s Florida Jackson’s Florida CampaignsCampaigns

Jackson’s Florida Jackson’s Florida CampaignsCampaigns