EXTRACTION OF DNA FROM ONION CELL AND CHICKEN LIVER BY: NUR SHUHADA NABILLA BINTI MOHD YUNUS NUR LAILI BINTI YEOP IDRIS RAIHAN IZZATI BINTI ROSANIZAN NUR ATIELIA BINTI PRESHAHDIN NURUL AFIFA BINTI ABDUL RAHMAN SUPERVISOR: DR. ZAKIAH BINTI NOR HASHIM
EXTRACTION OF DNA FROM ONION CELL AND CHICKEN LIVER
BY:NUR SHUHADA NABILLA BINTI MOHD YUNUS
NUR LAILI BINTI YEOP IDRISRAIHAN IZZATI BINTI ROSANIZANNUR ATIELIA BINTI PRESHAHDIN
NURUL AFIFA BINTI ABDUL RAHMAN
SUPERVISOR:DR. ZAKIAH BINTI NOR HASHIM
PROBLEM STATEMENT
1.Can we observed DNA strand with naked eyes?
2. Can we obtained the DNA strand by using conventional method?
HYPOTHESIS
Conventional method is more reliable compared to various commercial offerings
INTRODUCTIONDNA : Deoxyribonucleic acid, self replicating material present in nearly all living organisms, as the main constituents of chromosomes and carrier of genetic information.
DNA Extraction: Removal of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from cells of sample.
General Structure: • Double helix (composed of 2 chain)• Strands of nucleotide held together by
hydrogen bond
Background of studyDNA is present in every cell of plants and
animals
The long and thick fibers of DNA
Can be extracted using common,
everyday materialsExtraction buffer
OBJECTIVES
1. To learn the steps of preparing chicken liver and onion
cell for DNA extraction.
2. To understand the general structure of these living
tissues.
3. To extract DNA from cells at a simple, reasonable cost
and no hazardous chemicals are involved by using
conventional method.
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
1. Can gain foundation knowledge for lesson in biology,
evolution, and biotechnology and health technology.
2. Conventional method able to produce high yield, less
time consuming and reliability of the analysis should
be maximal, while minimizing the risk of
contamination
LITERATURE REVIEW
Titles References Methods
DNA extraction Karen, 1999 • “DNA Extraction” are to isolate DNA from plant and animal cells.
• Serves as a spectacular example of the complexity of biochemical structure
DNA extraction from animal and plant tissues
Karen, 1999 • Plant genomic DNA is more difficult to extract.
• The metabolites present in the plant cell may interfere with genomic DNA extraction.
Methods of DNA extraction
Shepherd, 2002 • Several commercial kits are available that allow rapid and reliable isolation of total DNA from a wide of variety of plant species and tissues.
Estimation of DNA quantity
K.K Vinod, 2004 • Most DNA extracts are not reasonably pure and therefore estimates of concentration using spectrophotometric measurements of UV absorption may be misleading.
METHODOLOGY
Preparation of DNA extraction of chicken liver cell
Preparation of DNA extraction of onion cell
Preparation of DNA extraction of onion cell
Chopped the onion
Poured water, salt and detergent
Poured the solution into the blender
Heat the mixture Filtered heated mixture
Poured the sample into ethanol
Preparation of DNA extraction of chicken liver cell
Grind the chicken liver Poured the water, salt and detergent
Stir the mixture
well
Filtered the mixturePoured mixture into ethanolThe DNA strand observed
Chicken liver cell DNA strand result
Under 10x magnification
Onion cell DNA strand results
CONCLUSION1. We are able to learnt the steps of
preparing chicken liver and onion cell for DNA extraction.
2. The general structure of these living tissues were well defined.
3. We are able to extract DNA from cells at a simple, reasonable cost and no hazardous chemicals are involved by using conventional method.
RECOMMENDATION
1. Spectrophotometer To measure the purity of the DNA extraction
2. Agarose gel electrophoresis Separation of DNA fragments according to
size, based on movement, through a gel medium when an electric field is applied.
The End