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VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie 6 Wierk Avenue Liberty, New York 12754 Tel. (845) 295-4000 Fax (845) 292-8694 Jodie E. Pillius-MacKrell, Ed.D Education Research & Evaluation Analyst 845-295-4051 [email protected] Sullivan County Board of Cooperative Education Services
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Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Apr 29, 2018

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Page 1: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

VISABLE LEARNINGBY John Hattie

6 Wierk Avenue Liberty, New York 12754 Tel. (845) 295-4000 Fax (845) 292-8694Jodie E. Pillius-MacKrell, Ed.DEducation Research & Evaluation Analyst

[email protected]

Sullivan County Board of Cooperative Education Services

Page 2: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Visible Learning by John Hattie

Page 3: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Background•John Hattie is a Professor of Education and the Director of Visible Learning Labs at the University of Auckland in New Zealand

•His book is a synthesis of over 800 meta‐analyses relating to achievement

Page 4: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

THE STRUGGLE TO INCREASE STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT

Page 5: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

We Pass Laws…•About structural concerns such as…

•Class size•School choice•Social promotion

“as if they are clear winners among the top‐ranking influences on student learning.”

Page 6: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

We Make School-Based Decisions About…

•Ability grouping•Tracking•Social promotion

“…Again appealing to claims about influences on achievement.”

Page 7: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

For Teachers – Teaching is a Private Matter

“…it occurs behind a classroom door, and it is rarely questioned or challenged.  We seem to believe that every teacher’s stories about success are sufficient justification for leaving them alone.”

Page 8: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

The Problem•We set the achievement bar to zero!•This means that every educator CAN claim s/he is making a difference. 

•Setting the bar to zero means we do not need any changes to our system

•We need to set the bar to at least an average gain

Page 9: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

The Magic Number

•An average gain is an effect size of .40 

•.40 is the hinge point for identifying what is and what is not effective

Page 10: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Half…•Half of the influences on achievement are above this hinge point

•This means….•Half of what we do to ALL students has an effect of greater than .40

•Half of our students are in classes that get this effect of .40 or greater

Page 11: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

HATTIE’S SCALE –KNOW THY IMPACT!

Page 12: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

The Scale•Hattie analyzes 800+ meta‐analyses and determines how the major results from these studies can be placed along a single continuum of achievement.

•The scale uses effect sizes.  An effect size of d=1.0 indicates an increase of one standard deviation in improving school achievement.

Page 13: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

What Is a 1.0 Effect Size?

An effect size of 1.0 means, on average, that students receiving that treatment would exceed 84% of students not receiving the treatment.

Page 14: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

A d=1.0 increase is typically associated with advancing 

children’s achievement by two to three years!

Page 15: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Scale of Effects

Page 16: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

For Example…What is the Effect of Reducing Class Size on Achievement?

•Using hundreds of studies, including meta‐analysis, longitudinal, cross‐cohort, from many different countries which reduced the class size from about 25 to 15.

Page 17: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

0.20

Page 18: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Why?

•Excellent teaching means delivering content in different ways based on the situation, including class size.

•When a teacher gets smaller classes, most will not change the way they teach, thereby losing opportunities to reach the students in a different way. They deliver instruction in the same way regardless of the size of their class.

Page 19: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Rank the following 10 effects:

•Reducing disruptive behavior in the class  •Feedback •Summer School   •Acceleration of gifted students  •Retention (Holding back a year)   • Integrated Curriculum Programs • Individualized Instruction•Ability Grouping•Students Grade Themselves •Peer Tutoring  

(1 = highest effect, to 10 = lowest effect)

Page 20: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

How did you do?

•Students Grade Themselves  1.44(Self Reporting Grades)

•Acceleration of gifted students    .88•Feedback   .73•Peer Tutoring    .55•Reducing disruptive behavior in the class   .53 • Integrated Curriculum Programs    .39•Summer School     .23• Individualized Instruction   .23•Ability Grouping     .12•Retention (Holding back a year)     ‐.16

Page 21: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

EFFECTS ON STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT

Page 22: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Six Factors Which Influence Student Achievement

•The Child•The Home•The School•The Curriculum•The Teacher•The Approaches to Teaching

Page 23: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

The Child•Background•Attitudes and Dispositions•Physical Influences•Preschool Experiences

Page 24: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

The Home•Socioeconomic status•Welfare Policies•Family Structure•Home Environment•Television•Parental Involvement•Home Visiting

Page 25: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

The School•Attributes of the School such as finances•School compositional Effects•Leadership•Classroom Compositional Effects•School Curriculum•Classroom Influences

Page 26: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

The Teacher•Teacher Effects•Teacher Training•Microteaching•Teacher subject matter knowledge•Quality of teaching•Teacher‐Student Relationships•Professional Development•Expectations•Not Labeling Students•Teacher Clarity

Page 27: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

The Curriculum

•Reading•Mathematics and Science•Other Curricula Programs

Page 28: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Teaching Approaches•Paying deliberate attention to learning intentions and success

•Setting challenging tasks•Providing multiple opportunity for practice•Knowing when one is successful in obtaining these goals

•Understanding the critical role of teaching appropriate learning strategies

•Planning and talking about teaching•Ensuring the teacher constantly seeks feedback information as to the success of his or her students

Page 29: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Can a Teacher Really Make a Difference?

•Yes!•Teachers may not have control of the child, the home, the school, and possibly the curriculum, yet there are many ways they can affect student achievement more than any other factor!

Page 30: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

The top 10 Effects1. Self‐Report Grades 1.442. Piagetian Programs 1.283. Providing formative evaluation 0.904. Micro Teaching 0.885. Acceleration 0.886. Classroom behavioral 0.807. Interventions for LD students 0.778. Teacher clarity 0.759. Reciprocal Teaching 0.7310.Feedback 0.73

Page 31: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

The Bottom 10 Effects1. Student Mobility ‐0.342. Leisure Time Television Viewing  ‐0.183. Retention ‐0.164. Welfare Status of the Family ‐0.125. Summer Vacation ‐0.096. Open vs. Traditional Teaching 0.017. Student Control over Learning 0.048. Multi‐grade/age classes 0.049. College halls of residence (Higher Ed) 0.0510.Whole Language 0.06

Page 32: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Some Surprises•Extra‐curricular programs 0.17•Mentoring 0.15•Teacher training programs 0.11•Teacher subject knowledge 0.09•Distance education 0.09•Family structure (divorced, etc.) 0.17•Comprehensive teaching reforms 0.22•Teacher‐student relationships 0.72•Professional development 0.62•Not labeling students 0.61

Page 33: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

The Top Ten Effects

Page 34: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Self-Reported Grades 1.44•This is a student’s estimate of their own performance,  and students tend to have a remarkable understanding of what high quality work is.  

• It involves the teacher finding out what the student’s expectations are and pushing the learner to exceed them.

Page 35: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Piagetian Programs 1.28

•Teaching methods based on Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development and his concept of children’s stages of learningESPECIALLY IN MATH!

Sensorimotor Stage (Newborn to 2 years old)Pre‐Operational Stage (2‐7 years old)Concrete Operations Stage (7‐12 Years old)Formal Operational Stage (12 years and older)

Page 36: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Providing Formative Evaluation 0.90•Any activity used as an assessment of learning progress before or during the learning process itself.  This is in contrast with summative assessment which evaluates what students know or have learned at the end of teaching, after all is done.

• It is suggested that teachers spend the same amount of time, or even more time, on formative assessment as they do on summative assessment.

Page 37: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Microteaching 0.88•Microteaching is when you video your lesson and follow with a debriefing.  The lesson is reviewed in order to improve the teaching and the learning experience.

•Under the guidance of a supervisor, the teacher is first asked to present self feedback of a lesson and then a team gives feedback to provide positive reinforcement and constructive criticism.

Page 38: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Acceleration 0.88

•An alternative for special classes for gifted students, the teacher accelerates students through the curriculum.  Accelerated instruction enables bright students to work with their mental peers on learning tasks that match their abilities.

•Acceleration can also be used for at‐risk students.  Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program which involves high expectations, specified deadlines for meeting educational requirements, stimulating instructional programs, planning by all staff, and using all available community resources. 

Page 39: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Classroom Behavioral 0.80

•Covers classroom influences such as classroom management, climate of the classroom, decreasing disruptive behavior, and peer influences

•The classroom should be a place where students feel safe and where everyone is working towards a common goal.  Negative behaviors should be dealt with quickly and the teacher should be aware of potential issues. There should be well articulated rules. Peer influence is huge, so teachers should promote those students who influence learning and success.

Page 40: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Comprehensive Interventions for Learning Disabled Students 0.77•Teachers providing learning disabled students with the tools and strategies to organize themselves, as well as: • new materials• techniques to use while reading, writing and doing math• systematic steps to follow when working through a learning task or reflecting upon their own learning 

•There is evidence that this works for those who are not learning disabled as well.

Page 41: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Teacher Clarity 0.75

•Teachers must clearly communicate the intentions of the lesson and the success criteria.  Clear learning intentions describe the skills, knowledge, attitudes, and values that the student needs to learn.  

Page 42: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Reciprocal Teaching 0.73

•The emphasis is on teachers enabling their students to learn by using cognitive strategies such as summarizing, questioning, clarifying, and predicting,  which are supported through dialogue between teacher and students as they attempt to gain meaning from the text.

•Each student takes a turn at being the teacher.•Students check their understanding of the material by generating questions and summarizing.

Page 43: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Feedback 0.73•One of the most powerful influences on learning and achievement, but it can be positive or negative depending on how it is used.

•Feedback on task, process, and self‐regulation level is far more effective than on the Self‐Level (praise which contains no learning information).  

•The most powerful feedback is that given from the students to the teacher.  This allows teachers to see learning through the eyes of the students.

Page 44: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Conclusion•What was presented is just an overview of effective approaches – Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

•It is important for educators to see that they have so much power to influence a student’s education and they can have more effect than the issues they feel helpless to overcome

Page 45: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

There are so many powerful influences that are

completely in the hands of educators, such as:

Page 46: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Teacher Student relationships (.72)Vocabulary programs (.67)Creativity programs (.65)Self‐Questioning (.64)Problem Solving Teaching (.61)Study Skills (.59)Worked Examples (.57)Peer tutoring (.55)Cooperative vs. Competitive Learning (.54)Second/third chance programs (.50)Small Group Learning (.49)Early Intervention (.47)Writing programs (.47)Expectations (.43)Social Skills Programs (.40)

Page 47: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Meanwhile – less effort and importance should be

placed on these:

Page 48: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

Extra‐Curricular Programs (.17)Mentoring (.15)Teacher Training (.11)Student Personality (.19)Co/Team Teaching (.19)Class size (.21)Teaching test taking (.22)Summer school (.23)School Finances (.23)Homework (.29)Mainstreaming (.28)Home Visiting (.29)Family Structure (.17)

Page 49: Visable Learning - DATAG · VISABLE LEARNING BY John Hattie ... Levin created the Accelerated Learning Program ... effective approaches –Hattie ranks 131 influences in his book

KNOW THY EFFECT!


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