VOLUME I. No 4. NEW YORK, JULY, 1910 PRICE 2 c OUR HISTORIC MEETING AT MADISON SQUARE GARDEN The unique spectacle of fifteen [thousand cloak workers gathered tinder one roof, and twenty-five thousand more outside clamoring for admission, ipr the purpose of hearing encouraging messages from veil-known labor men in their ef- jforts to improve their working con- ditions, provided the press and the Community at large with much food (for thought. What does a monster demonstra- tion such as this signify? It sig- nifies an unmistakable determina- tion on the part of the workers to lolcrate no more an evil system of pverwork and under-pay which for any years has been gnawing at Iheir vitals and destroying their pelf-respect and their capacity of fcontemplating their degraded con- dition. Even the most abject slaves may •t times be roused from their stu- or, from that hopeless state of nind into which a human being is kpt to fall under certain evil sur- roundings. We believe that the lloak maker has at last been roused from his numbness and stupor and fa&^rcalized the power he may at- ain by a strong and permanent Organization. It has been suggested in certain luarters that this is a sudden povement for a general strike and her., fore its issue is rather doubt- u '- It is believed, rightly or frongly, that sudden movements m ong the workers in the cloak in- |ustry especially, have no staying °wer; that their force is ex- aii-tcd before they reach the goal. However, much the past may jus- |fy such a cold, nay cruel reflec- jon, in the present case it all seems ' tl!ri \.on the assumption of "sud- denness." These cold observers seem to be utterly unfamiliar with the history of this movement. For it certainly has a history. A sudden movement it may be to them, because, for some reason, they chose not to countenance it when it first originated, and failed to recognize its gradual develop- ment among the rank and file. To us it is no more "sudden" than sunrise heralded by a flaming red horizon, or a great storm pre- saged by gathering black clouds. We of the inner circle, who have been arguing the pros and cons of the question for weeks, nay, for months; who have first opposed it and then found ourselves unable to resist its gathering force, who have heard it discussed in all its bearings „ in the shops, at local meetings and executive councils, at the homes of . the workers and at street corners; and who have even prevented the locals concerned fropi coming to a rash decision before threshing it out in all its details oh the floor of our recent convention at Bos- ton—we say that if ever the ground was well prepared for a-, mighty movement, it was so in this case. Why, as far back as January last we have circularized our local unions upon the question of a two- dollar tax to provide the nucleus of a strong strike fund. We have thus consulted the feelings of our mem- bers and found them all solid for a general strike. Past failures have taught us to proceed with circumspection, and every step we have since taken has been twice considered. Even this monster demonstration at Madison Square Garden is evi- dence of our desire to apply a much" wider test to the feeling of the masses in favor of a strike. And with what result ? Why, this: That an overwhelming opinion has been found to range itself on the side of firm and resolute action. For what did forty thousand peo- ple come to this vast hall, on a hot. sultry day, hours before the meet- ing commenced ? What caused them to fill every nook and corner, in- cluding the gangways, standing packed close together like herrings in a barrel? They came to utter a vigorous protest against the inhu- man conditions under which they labor; against the home work which deprives them of the much needed leisure to be good husbands and loving parents; against the evil .system of sub-contracting which fosters fraternal strife, hatred and all uncharitablcness. "In these United States of ours," said Samuel Gompers, the grand old man of American labor, m t this country, so rich, so bountiful, it is an indictment to work under such conditions, to eke out such a miserable existence as you cloak makers are doing." The vast sea of human heads, concentrating their minds and hearts upon the plalfitrm, and eager for words of advice and encourage- ment, must have inspired Gompers and Frank Morrison, secretary of the American Federation of Labor, no less than the luminaries of the East Side wlio were present. Here were Ab. Cahan, the vet- eran advocate of socialism among the Jewish workers; Meyer Lon- don, the aspirant for a seat in Con- gress; Jacob Pankcn, the well- known orator; Carotti, the Italian, who was much applauded by the Italian-speaking section of the an- dience; Dr. Ingerman, who spoke in Russian; S. Yanofsky, an East Side editor and lecturer; Ab. Ros- enberg, the president; J. A. Dyche, the general secretary treasurer; S, Polakoff, Jesse Grcenberger, and many others of the International Union, who are directing the for- tunes of this wonderful movement for the uplifting of the sweated and underpaid cloak maker. Rising to the occasion President Gompers exclaimed: "I earnestly hope that the em- ployers will concede your demands without a strike. But it must be understood that this is no longer a mere protest or a plain strike. When a movement has grown to the strength of your organization it means no longer a strike, but on i ndust riot-revolution." Jacob Panken struck a note which was as true as it was original, when uttering words to this effect. "I no longer cherish the pessi- mistic views shared in by some ob- servers regarding the cloak makers. True, their past conduct has been a blot on the history of the labor movement of the East Side. But the cloak maker of the past haa mostly disappeared. This tremen- dous concourse shows that the pres- ent generation of cloak makers are mostly young men and young wo- men, who have been through the throes of the Russian revolution, and who realize the meaning of freedom. It is evident from their keen and determined faces that not only do they mean to make a brave fight for proper conditions of labor, but also that the issue of the strtig- gle will be a great and lasting sug. cess."
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VOLUME I. No 4. NEW YORK, JULY, 1910 PRICE 2c
OUR HISTORIC MEETING AT MADISON SQUARE GARDEN The unique spectacle of fifteen
[thousand cloak workers gathered tinder one roof, and twenty-five thousand more outside clamoring for admission, i p r the purpose of hearing encouraging messages from veil-known labor men in their ef-
jforts to improve their working conditions, provided the press and the Community at large with much food (for thought.
What does a monster demonstration such as this signify? I t signifies an unmistakable determination on the part of the workers to lolcrate no more an evil system of pverwork and under-pay which for
any years has been gnawing at Iheir vitals and destroying their pelf-respect and their capacity of fcontemplating their degraded condition.
Even the most abject slaves may •t times be roused from their stu-or, from that hopeless state of nind into which a human being is
kpt to fall under certain evil surroundings. W e believe that the lloak maker has at last been roused from his numbness and stupor and fa&^rcalized the power he may at-ain by a strong and permanent
Organization. It has been suggested in certain
luarters that this is a sudden povement for a general strike and her., fore its issue is rather doubt-u'- It is believed, rightly or frongly, that sudden movements
mong the workers in the cloak in-|ustry especially, have no staying °wer; that their force is ex-aii-tcd before they reach the goal. However, much the past may jus-
|fy such a cold, nay cruel reflec-jon, in the present case it all seems ' t l ! r i\.on the assumption of "sud
denness." These cold observers seem to be utterly unfamiliar with the history of this movement. For it certainly has a history.
A sudden movement it may be to them, because, for some reason, they chose not to countenance it when it first originated, and failed to recognize its gradual development among the rank and file.
To us it is no more "sudden" than sunrise heralded by a flaming red horizon, or a great storm presaged by gathering black clouds.
We of the inner circle, who have been arguing the pros and cons of the question for weeks, nay, for months; who have first opposed it and then found ourselves unable to resist its gathering force, who have heard it discussed in all its bearings „ in the shops, at local meetings and executive councils, at the homes of
. the workers and at street corners; and who have even prevented the locals concerned fropi coming to a rash decision before threshing it out in all its details oh the floor of our recent convention at Boston—we say that if ever the ground was well prepared for a-, mighty movement, it was so in this case.
Why, as far back as January last we have circularized our local unions upon the question of a two-dollar tax to provide the nucleus o f a strong strike fund. W e have thus consulted the feelings of our members and found them all solid for a general strike.
Past failures have taught us to proceed with circumspection, and every step we have since taken has been twice considered.
Even this monster demonstration at Madison Square Garden is evidence of our desire to apply a much"
wider test to the feeling of the masses in favor of a strike. And with what result ? Why, this: That an overwhelming opinion has been found to range itself on the side of firm and resolute action.
For what did forty thousand people come to this vast hall, on a hot. sultry day, hours before the meeting commenced ? What caused them to fill every nook and corner, including the gangways, standing packed close together like herrings in a barrel? They came to utter a vigorous protest against the inhuman conditions under which they labor; against the home work which deprives them of the much needed leisure to be good husbands and loving parents; against the evil
.system of sub-contracting which fosters fraternal strife, hatred and all uncharitablcness.
"In these United States of ours," said Samuel Gompers, the grand old man of American labor, mt
this country, so rich, so bountiful, it is an indictment to work under such conditions, to eke out such a miserable existence as you cloak makers are doing."
The vast sea of human heads, concentrating their minds and hearts upon the plalfitrm, and eager for words of advice and encouragement, must have inspired Gompers and Frank Morrison, secretary of the American Federation of Labor, no less than the luminaries of the East Side wlio were present.
Here were Ab. Cahan, the veteran advocate of socialism among the Jewish workers; Meyer London, the aspirant for a seat in Congress; Jacob Pankcn, the well-known orator; Carotti, the Italian, who was much applauded by the
Italian-speaking section of the an-dience; Dr. Ingerman, who spoke in Russian; S. Yanofsky, an East Side editor and lecturer; Ab. Ros-enberg, the president; J. A. Dyche, the general secretary treasurer; S, Polakoff, Jesse Grcenberger, and many others of the International Union, who are directing the fortunes of this wonderful movement for the uplifting of the sweated and underpaid cloak maker.
Rising to the occasion President Gompers exclaimed:
"I earnestly hope that the em-ployers will concede your demands without a strike. But it must be understood that this is no longer a mere protest or a plain strike. When a movement has grown to the strength of your organization it means no longer a strike, but on i nd ust riot-revolution."
Jacob Panken struck a note which was as true as it was original, when uttering words to this effect.
" I no longer cherish the pessimistic views shared in by some observers regarding the cloak makers. True, their past conduct has been a blot on the history of the labor movement of the East Side. But the cloak maker of the past haa mostly disappeared. This tremendous concourse shows that the present generation of cloak makers are mostly young men and young women, who have been through the throes of the Russian revolution, and who realize the meaning of freedom. It is evident from their keen and determined faces that not only do they mean to make a brave fight for proper conditions of labor, but also that the issue of the strtig-gle will be a great and lasting sug. cess."
THE LADIES" G A R M E N T WORKER
M.
it *
LABOR NEWS A MILLION DOLLAR LABOR
BUILDING
There !» »l»ut to be dedicated in Cleveland, Ohio, what is said to be the greatest monument to organized labor in the world—the new million-dollar building of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineen.. At it* dedication there will be at least five thousand persons from all parts of the United States, Canada and Mexico, besides a large gathering of Cleveland folk. No labor organization has ever attempted so elaborate a headquarters before.
The building is twelve stories high. It is of white terra cotta and is fireproof. Its ground space is 124 by 178 feet. Tn the building there are four hundred offices, and the floor space, aside from the auditorium, aggregates 161,000 square feet. . One of the features of the new building is an auditorium, which will seat 1,400 people, and which will be one of the littcst in the city. The seats will be large anil leather-covered and like those of a modern theater. A Urge organ will be installed.
The Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, which has a membership of more than sixty-five thousand at the present time, was organized just forty-seven years ago this month.
LABOR TEMPLE FOR CHICAGO
Plans have been accepted and the ground broken for a tabor temple in Chicago to cost $100,000, and to be ready for occupancy by fall. The building will be five stories high, with basement, and will be built of pressed brick and terra cotta. The first floor will lie rented out for store rooms, while the other floor will be lodge rooms, banquet halls and offices for business agents. Carpenters' Local No. 6a took the initiative in the matter and will build the temple.
A. F. OF L FOR "CARD MEN." Washington—The American Federa
tion of Labor will make a strong campaign this fall for the election of Congressmen who carry union cards. Efforts will be made to elect a group of forty unionists to the House of Representatives, as it is believed here that
• i t will require that number in order to have a good working minority.
And so has this gigantic move
ment emerged from its first stage of
agitation and debate on to a broad
field of immediate and determined
action. It has not only converted
its internal opponents, but also its
external enemies.
We hail with deep gratitude, not
only the expression of sympathy
and support of President Gompcrs
and Frank Morrison, speaking in
the name of the American Federa
tion of Labor, but also the sym
pathy and promised support of
such Influential leaders of the East
Side a s Ab. Cahan, the editor of
"Vonvarts," and S. Yanofsky, edi
tor of the "Frcic Arbeit cr Slim me."
We, on our part, undertake with
the human powers at our disposal,
to guide this movement with vigor,
tact and discretion and to leave no
stone unturned until we have se
cured improved conditions for the
cloak makers and a great victory
for unionism. Our watchword is:
Forty-eight hours of labor per
I week, a living wage and a powerful
Aland effective organization.
A. R.
SAYS 'FRISCO BEST UNION LABOR TOWN.
Mayor McCarthy Declares Building Trades (Jet All Work and Highest
Scale of Wages.
"Since the quake San Francisco has expended fo75.ooo.ooo in rebuilding, every stick and every stone of which has been put in place under union conditions."
This remarkable statement was made by P . H . McCarthy, Frisco's labor mayor, now in Washington with the Pacific Coast delegation asking Congress to authorize the holding of the Panama Exposition at the Golden Gate.
McCarthy's stories of conditions in the city where union labor holds political power, were listened to with deep interest by the Building Trades Council in Washington.
"There is no city in the United States, nor as a matter of fact in the whole world, where the wage workers' standard of living is as high as in San Francisco.
McCarthy's claims for a wonderful working class prosperity in this western city arc borne out by the table of building trades wages prepared by William T. Spencer, secretary of the Building Trades Department of the American Federation of Labor. Here are some of his comparative wage scales in different cities for 1009, and the present year docs not materially alter the comparison:
Bricklayers in Chicago received, per hour, 62J4 cents; in New York,. 70 cents; in San Francisco, 8"'/i cents; plumbers, in the same cities, respec-. tively, got 65. 62jj and 75 cents; carpenters, in the same order, got s6!d, Sayi and 62H cents; laborers and hod-carriers got in Chicago, 35 cents; in New York, 35 cents, and in San Francisco, from 37.' j to 50 ccntst-per hour.
IT IS NO CRIME TO DISTRIBUTE STRIKE LITERATURE.
A decision of the utmost importance to labor organiat ionj throughout the country was rendered by the Court of Special Sessions in Brooklyn, N. Y„ a few days ago, when a full bench sustained the right of the Butchers' Union to circulate literature concerning unfair shops.
Seven members of the Brooklyn Union of butchers were haled into court on conspiracy charges for asking the public to withhold patronage from a local packer and two storekeepers, who operated establishments dealing in provisions produced by an unfair firm. The pork packer had supplied the stores with provisions, and he consequently joined in the prosecution of the butcher workmen.
The notices sent out by the union .mil distributed in the hallways and doorways throughout the district simply, stated that a strike for fair wages was on in the packing plant, and that the two storekeepers were handling the products of the establishment. The consumers were requested to not patronize the stores until the strike had been adjusted.
In announcing the findings of the court Judges O'Kcc, Mclnerney and Wilkin held that the defendants had a legal right to distribute the circulars in a peaceable manner. Inasmuch as they were not charged with the exercise of force, threats or intimidation, the facts set forth were not sufficient to constitute a crime. The court held that the circulars in themselves were proper and sanctioned by law, and ordered the prisoners discharged from custody.
The decision gives to members of trade unions the right, by peaceful measures, to notify the public of controversies existing between them and their employers, and to request the public not to deal with their employers or with persons who sell the produots of their employers.
FARMERS T O AID UNIONS.
Organized laborers and organized farmers will work together hereafter in "preserving the rights and liberties of both classes of workers," under the provisions of a resolution unanimously adopted at the SC Louis convention by the executive committee of the Farm- . ers' Educational and Co-operative Union.
Affiliation of the American Federation of Labor and the Farmers' Union has been a favorite project of Samuel Gompers, president of the American Federation of Labor, and the adoption of the resolution followed a four-day conference between Mr. Gompers, assisted by several labor leaders, and the farmers' committee.
The Farmers' Union claims a membership of 3,000,000.
CIGARMAKERS' U N I O N DETER-— MINE TO PROTECT T H E I R
L A B E L - C O U N T E R F E I T AND IMITATION.
G. W. Perkins, of Chicago, president of the Cigarmakers' International Union, and Eugene Clifford, of the same city, general counsel for the national body, were in York last month, where they were met by General Organizer I. B. Kuhn and officers of Union 316 of McCherrystown and 242 York and were in conference with J. S. Black, in relation to litigation and prosecutions which are to be brought against users of counterfeit and imitation union labels in York and Adams counties. W. C. Shcely, Esq , of Gettysburg, with Mr. Black, will represent the union in the Adams County cases.
The Iron Molders' Union is beginning a comprehensive- insurance plan that is likely to enlist the entire trade. The start is being made in Ohio, where 500 members will incorporate under the laws, and then one state after another will be attached to the organization. The molders claim they win pay benefits of $500 to $1,000 at less cost than
any insurance company in the world.
MAINTAIN YOUR ORGANIZATION
HOW T O CREATE . \ ; , MAINTAIN F A I R W.ViES AND GOOD CONDIT )\s IN OUR TRADE.
THE L A D I E S ' GARMENT WORKER readily realize that the employer Iocs not want union help. We also realize that such answers are made by the individual from selfish motives, who feels that for the time !>cing they are satisfied with conditions, not realizing the fact that through thorough organization their conditions would be improved. Then again we realize that these \ ery persons are too weak-kneed to do as they believe. I am convinced that these persons working in the garment working trade know that the organization is of material benefit, to them, but lacking the courage to join the organization of their craft with their fellow workers they remain free-lances and by so doing they help the employers who arc' at all times trying to get as much work for as little as possible to accomplish their aims. Finally these workers wake up and find a condition confronting them that they never thought existed then they feel that the time has come when they must do something to improve their condition then they decide to join the union. Now then we find that some of the members of our organizations are always finding fault with either the officers, members or the organization in general for actions that do not meet with their approval and then we find in the majority of cases where the members are so dissatisfied that tfiey are of the same class as those that from selfish motives do not join the organizations of their craft, moreover wc find that these members so dissatisfied are also distrustful and from experience we find that their actions are very injurious to oth :
ers as well as themselves. Members who are so distrustful, if thev would only stop and think what injury may come to themselves and «hcir fellow workers by their actions they would change fheir actions. To the members J want *o say that they must help their union at all times in their efforts to increase wages and get fair working conditions so they may be in a position to make proper provisions for the benefit of them selves and their families. W e must not allow conditions that may be •njunons to the members of our wg ciizations to exist and if such
''• 'itions do exist we must at the _ Proper time and place, and in the Pr"ier manner t ry and have such " * s enacted that would be in the 'merest of the organizations. If thete are laws that do nfc meet W n h t h e approval of the members " the organizations they should
not sever their connection with the organization or denounce the offi ccrs or the organization on the out side, but they should try in a manner as prescribed by the constitution of our organizations and en act such laws that they may deem advisable for the interest of the organizations because the injury done by the actions will only reflect or themselves. It is an undisputed fact that labor unions are in existence for the purpose of upliftiiu humanity and by so doing means increase of wages and fairer conditions to the workers. I desin to, at this time to say that the members of our organizations lend their assistance in building up our respective organizations so that our rank would be impregnable. Further want to say that some of our members of our respective organi zations ought to get a little more active in getting new members to join their unions because we fee that some men and women believe that they may lose their opportunities of such affiliation. To those people I want to say that by joining labor organizations they have actually nothing to lose and everything to gain. I further desire tc say the opportunity for action on the part of the ladies' garment workers to improve their conditions increase wages and decrease hours have never been better than at the present time. In conclusion I want to say that it ought to be the proudest moment of a working man's or a working woman's life the time that they join a labor union. So don't wait for the other fellow to join but join yourself and the other fellow will follow.
ALEX. BLOCH.
The Living Skeleton and The Stout Reformer
T e a c h e r * O r g a n i z e
Delegates from 57 Buffalo, N. Y.. grammar schools have organized a teachers union, which is frankly along the lines of the ordinary labor union and which will be affiliated with the American Federation of Labor. A charter from the latter organization, it is said, will lie received within a day or two.
By GKRTRIDE BARNV.M.
The Living Skeleton paced up and down her loom alley, in an old-fashioned cotton mill. Steam, curling up from grids in the floor, folded around her like a winding sheet. The noise of machinery descended upon her in a perpetual storm. Her fellow-weavers in other loom alleys were talking together in "lip signs,"—the deaf and dumb language of the mill.
"The relief and aids got money to put up consumption shacks on the county farm," said a rosy-faced girl.
"There's plenty to fill "em," said the Living Skeleton.
"The new mill president gave the cash," continued the rosy-faced girl, who had missed the comment. "They say he will do a lot for the poor working people.
Pray for their souls when they are dead! Most likely!" said the Living Skeleton.
"What ' s eating you?" "Consumption," said the Skele
ton. "Ugh! You sure need a vaca
tion." "I'll soon take it," said the Skele
ton. That evening a stout reformer
sat in an easy chair in the committee room of the Young Men's Christian Association building.
The union will be called the Teachers' Educational League. A demand will be made for a salary increase all along the line. If the union wins its campaign no teacher will receive less than $600 a year, with the maximum for grammar grade teachers fixed at $1,200.
It is reported that the 7,000 organized school teachers of Colorado are going to follow ilic example of their Chicago colleagues and join the A. F. of L. The teachers are becoming imbued with the idea that it gets them nothing to wait for-the politicians to assist them and that they must join with other working people and learn to help
themselves.
Telephone 2697 Orchard
RODMAN & BLUM One Price -
Clothiers and Merchant Tailors 117 CANAL STREET ]
NEW YORK
while the secretary of the Relief and Aid Society" submitted building estimates and architect's plans; and members of the Tuberculosis Committee made comments.
"Plenty of fresh air is what I'm after in our new tuberculosis shacks," the stout reformer was saying cheerily, when the committee room door opened and admitted? the Living Skeleton. Her presence, and the few remarks she made, deprived the committee meeting of alt cheerfulness.
^ The next day in the mill, as the weavers were "mending," making 'quick-cuts" and "changing cuts" of cloth, as usual, a "learner" tried to thread a bobbiu in the customary way, with her lips and tongue. The Living Skeleton caught her hand.
"Where's your patent threader?" she motioned.
"They never gave me none," said the learner.
"Well, don't you know the bobbins are full of germs and you're seeking sure death "
Before the sentence was finished there appeared, suddenly, in the passage, a stout reformer, with a wilted collar and a shocked, perspiring face, advancing through the cloud-wraits of steam.
"Get onto the swell!" cried the rosy-faced girl.
"He's the new mill president,' said the Living Skeleton. "It 's his first visit and may save you youngsters from getting like mc.
The stout reformer came to the alley of the Living Skeleton and took her shinny hand in his fat one.
"By George, I won't stand for all this," he shouted above the roar. "You were dead right. , We're manufacturing death faster than cloth. I guess this is about the best place to begin the fresh air cure for tuberculosis."
And the Living Skeleton smiled down tendenrly upon the young, rosy faced girls around her.
Cigarmakers to Celebrate
Cigarmakers' Union No. 4, Cincinnati, is making extensive arrangements to Celebrate its fiftieth anniversary next August. A committee of fifteen has lieen appointed to make the nececessary arrangements for the event. This is the first union under the banner of the Cigarmakers' International Union to celebrate its fiftieth anniversary, and the occasion will be made a memorable one.
Toledo (Ohio) policemen wear cap* and uniforms bearing the union label So thoroughly does the union sentiment prevail in that town that even the fire department horses wear shoes with the union label.
4*. CO C O
oo C O CJ1
.ISSUED 8V AUTHORITY OF Q5 _
THE LADIES* GARMENT WORKER
The International Molders' Union
«-sgsss Msintmo
THE LADIES' GARMENT WORKER PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY T H E
INTERNATIONAL LADIES' GARMENT WORKERS' UNION AFFILIATED WITH THE AMERICAN FEDERATION OP LABOR.
A- ROSENBERG, Pint / . A. DYCHE, Qtn'l Stc'y'Cna,.
GENERAL OFFICE, 11 WAVERLY PLACE, NEW YORK CITY
S U B S C R I P T I O N
a C a n t s P « r C o p y . 2 5 C c n t l P a r Y e n
The International Molders' Union of North America, which has been celebrating its fiftieth anniversary last year, has a history of exceptional interest. In its early years the molders* condition was a deplorable one. Work began long before sunrise ; the hours of labor were irregular and indefinite, wages were low, and but a small portion of these were paid in money; store, checks, truck and due bills taking its place.
It was not until 1855 that a permanent local organization was established. As a result of a strike the molders of Philadelphia organ-
WHAT WE STRIKE AT! EXACT REPRODUCTION OF ORIGINAL COPY IN OUR POSSESSION.
. This agreement entered Into this first day of February 1910 by and betwen Sam Rosansky operator of eloaK's and suits and Hirsch &. Bro.manufacturers of cloaks and suits at 826Broadway.Manhattan:
WITNESSETH as follows: 1. . For and in consideratio of the premises; and of the sum of one Dollar($1.) to Sam RoaansKy in hand paid he agrees to perform the work of an operator of cloaks and suits, or similar work on the premises of Hirsch & Bro.for the stipulated salary of Eight Dollars(Sa per weekfrom this date to February 1,1911. 2tw- That the first weeks salary of Eight DollarsCf6. ) will be left with Hirsoh & Bro. as security that Sam Bos-ansky will do the work to the entire satisfaction Pt Hirsch ft Bro. and that he will fulfill his obligations as stipulated in this agreement. 3, That before May 1st. said Sam Rosansky agrees to add Thirty-two Dollars($S2. ) more to the above Eight Dollars*$8,) so as to make his security amount to Forty DollarsfMO,) 4, This security is to be returned to Sam Rosansky at the expiration of the term of this agreement if Hirsch l Bro. have no claims .against Sam Rosansky and if he has acquitted himself of his services to their entire satisfaction., 5, The hours of work of Sam Rosansky 'shall be from T.SO A. M. to 6.50 P.M. with a recess of half an hour for lunch, every day in t he weeK including Sundays but exoluding Saturdays. •• "X Ih ease Sam Rosansky leaves the employ of Hirsch t Bro*before the expiration of this agreement the entire amount of his security shall be forfeited for the benefit of Hirsch & Bro. as well as any salary due
Vim shall be forfeited, • If Sam Bosansky fulfills all his work duties and obligations in accordance with this contract Hirsch ft Bro. are responsible for the balance of wages that may be due to Sam Rosanahy.
Tn witness whereof the above parties have hereto affixed their signatures iters* 1st day of February isio.
Signed
COMMENT 18 NEEDLESS. •
ized a union in that year. This has since been in continuous existence, being known to-day as Union No. i.
This union became the nucleus around which the others rallied.
In 1858 a number of trioleins' unions were in existence, each of these endeavoring to improve o n-ditions and correct abuses, and in the fall of that year a call for a convention was issued, and thirty-five delegates were present.
The financial basis then provided for the working of the organization was peculiar to those times; the income being hardly sufficient to cover incidental expenses. The revenue was fixed at $10.00 annually from each local union and $10.00 for each delegate the union was entitled to at conventions. No definite strike benefits were provided, and for mutual assistance in time of trouble the president was authorized to levy assessments.
At the second convention in i8*o, forty-five delegates were present, and the basis of revenue to the national organization was changed to 5 cents per capita annually, and tlic regulations relative to assessments for strike benefits amended to sonic extent.
During those years stubbornly fought strikes occurred in New-York State and St. Louis, Mo., and these prompted the delegates to strengthen the laws pertaining to the sanctioning of strikes. The need of a more centralized and powerful international union was then clearly appreciated.
The conventions immediately following made more or less important changes in the constitution, giving the officers more authority and greater responsibility and th M
changes proved to be the turning point in the history of the international Molders' Union. The president for the time being, William II-Sylvis, took full advantage of his newly-acquired authority to undertake practically without the requisite financial means much needed organizing work and he succeeded in organizing within two years sixty-four unions and reorganizing twenty-four.
When the convention was called to order in 1866, in New York City, eighty-nine delegates, representing sixty-five unions were present. Radical changes were made in the constitution and the revenue of the national union was changed fr «• 5 cents to $4.00 per capita annua y this income placing the organization, for the first time, on a practical financial basis.
In 1866 extensive lock-outs and
THE LADIES' GARMENT WORKER other troubles occurred, and considerably weakened the union. These vicissitudes continued for seven) decades until the convention which met in Chicago in iStyj. There, one hundred and seventy-six
delegates, representing one hundred and twenty-eight local unions, were present.
The constitution was subjected to a radical revision. The dues were increased to twenty-five cents per week, ten cents of this going directly into the International treasury to provide strike benefit, and eight cents being held in trust by the locals as the sick benefit fund.
For a time as a result of these changes a loss of membership occurred, but this was followed by a most rapid growth, as the members began to appreciate the great benefits which were resulting from the higher dues.
The revised constitution and the conference boards with the National Founders' Association,. established by the officers of the union, proved to be sources of strength, stability and progress.
The Chicago convention in 1895 made it compulsory on every member to pay 25 cents a week and provided that if he allowed a period of twelve weeks to elapse without paying dues he would stand suspended. From the revenue o f ' 2 5 cents a week, 32 per cent., o r . 8 cents a week, was devoted to-lhe payment of S5.00 sick benefit per week for a period of thirteen weeks in any one year. This had the effect of increasing the membership. In 1899 the membership was 34,000. In 1902 it was 59,500, and in 1907 it grew •« 99.930-'
The sick benefit paid from 1896 to 1909; totaled ^660 ,079 .00 ; out of work benefits, $179,530.00; death benefits, $619,886.00; disability ben-efits, $45,225.00. These figures i'e.ik louder than words.
Says the president, Joseph" F. \ alcntine in his congratulations:
To-day our organization is Wronger, better equipped, and a "more thoroughly united body than ever before; and it faces the future with the confidence which comes •Torn the knowledge that its princi-l'i> - and policies have been tried and n"t found wanting.
"Ont motto has been conciliation ai»i defense, not defiance, and we can choose no better one for the future. It is in the field of concili-a!" it. the adoption of the principles " ' justice and fair play, the recogni-l "n of the mutual rights of en4loy-tT and employees that we Have '"ade most marked progress
THINGS WORTH REMEMBERING
was only gained through Unionism, Fraternity and Co-operation.—Paters' Herald.
MEANING OF CHEAP LABOR.
Cheap labor means poverty and degradation for the masses of the people. It means low prices for the products of the farm and factory. The consuming power of the people is measured by their earnings and cheap labor means the lessening of their purchases. The sooner the retail merchant looks at these facts in the right way the better off he will be both in sales of factory and farm products.—Labor Herald.
The closed shop is the only shop where reasonable business terms can be agreed upon by proper representatives of both capital and labor. It has been happily named by Miss Jane Addams "The Contract Shop." This issue of the "closed" or "contract shop" is the issue which manufacturers refuse to arbitrate. Surely public opinion must continue to sup|x>rt those workers who are standing for the right of the workers to secure fair conditions through a trade agreement in a "contract shop."—The Call.
Every local is just exactly as strong as its members make i t ; every member should stop and think of the obligation he took when he became a member. If you are indifferent and stay away from your local meetings, you are weakening one link in the chain that binds you all together.
• Be true to yourself, take an interest in your own welfare, do a little thinking for yourself during the week, and then go to the meeting and air your views. Listen, to the other fellow's views, and compare notes, and you will find that there is no place on earth that affords a better opportunity to devise ways and means whereby you can make this old world a better
sand brighter place to live in, than at your union meetings.—The Shingle Wearer.
Unionism stands for victory. United we stand, divided we fall, says an exchange. Unionism and unity have won many a victory, gained many good valued conces sion and made many souls happy.
Unity, Fraternity and Co-operation have wrought wonders, and thousands, yea millions of people have rejoiced as a result of united action which brought victory, even through the shedding of blood. This nation, this union of states
UNION.WAGES AND HOURS. The present wage rate to union
labor is the result of a long struggle, extending for a period of almost one hundred years. In its early history the strikers were spontaneous and sposmadic; there were tips and downs. What was gained one season was lost the next, the wage rate was not permanent. During the dull seasons the prices paid for skiled labor reached a low ebb. and unskilled labor received barely enough to purchase the coarsest kind of food.
If the labor unions did nothing else than call attention to the misery that abounds, their existence would be justifiable; but they have done more, they have not only called attention to the effects, they have shown the causes. They have done more still; they have produced remedies, upon the merits and demerits of which professors, editors and ministers now discuss and ad vocate. I-abor unions have produced thinkers and educators from out their own ranks, and have drawn students and teachers from the wealthy and professional. An< more yet; while doing this they have bettered the condition or thousands of families by securing higher wages, shorter hours and greater independence, individually and collectively. The result, if something to be proud of.—Blacksmiths' Journal.
"Right or wrong—that is the real issue. They are the two principles that have stood face to face from the beginning of time and will ever continue to struggle. The one is the common right of humanity and the other is the 'divine right of kings. It is the same principle in whatever shape it develops itself. It is the same spir t that says: 'You work and toil and earn bread and I will eat it.' I ask you if it is not a false philosophy. Is it not a false statesmanship that undertakes to build up a system of policy upon the basis of caring nothing about the very thing that everybody does care most about?"—Lincoln.
GOOD RULE O F LIFE. Finish every day and be done
with it. You have done what you could. Some blunders and absurdities, no doubt, crept in; forget them as soon as you can.—Emerson.
DID YOU EVER STOP TO THINK
That the grouch is a curse ?
That a smile is worth a hundred frowns?
That you are going to be dead a long time?
That you will only go through life once?
That charity begins at home, but shouldn't stay there?
That love is the axle grease of the earth?
That the "good fellow" is always broke?
That experience is a costly school, but you never forget its lessons?
That the knocker is the enemy of himself and everybody else?
That politeness costs you nothing and gets you a great deal ?
That a kind word is like a ray of sunshine?
That life is a joke, and it's on you?—Labor Leader.
"Work, work," they shout. "Give us work"; never was a people possessed with a dogma so disastrous. This furious, all-pervading passior for work is pushed even to the exhaustion of the vital force of the individual and his progeny. And it is this same passion for work which drags in its train all the individual and social woes which for two centuries have tortured sad humanity.
Not being satisfied with imposing this degrading occupation upon themselves, the men must needs drag their wives and daughters with them until to-day we have factory-girls and women pale drooping flowers, with disordered stomachs and languid limbs; who have never known the pleasure of a healthy life in all their weariness.—Baltimore Labor Leader.
All of the progress, all of the benefits that have been conferred upon humanity through movements in their interests during the past hundred years ajc properly credited to the labor unions. Any church or clergyman who denies that credit is not granting recognition of a self-evident fact," says the Rev. Stritch, of Detroit. "We now have philosophers like myself, who are lending their efforts to solve these questions,' but the labor movement has created the philosopliers. It has given them opportunity to study and observe the effects of organization, and we philosophers must accord to labor that credit.
IE LADIES" GARMENT WORKER
Working Women as Inventors
Up to ten years ago, a search of the patent office reports would have attested to the customary claim of the male doer of things that woman was backward where great originality was required. Hut behold what a decade has done! Not a page of the official report of patents but that some woman's success is recorded. And not alone this; for each year there is to be found an increasing number of successful women inventors whose inventions are not patented in their own names, but bought outright by manufacturers and business firms who themselves secure the patent.
Inquiry at manufacturing plants and mercantile houses reveals the fact that women employees are constantly suggesting improvements in the machinery and methods em ployed by the firms. A woman clerk in a New York store invented sometime ago a parcel delivery system which netted her substantial returns. And one New England mill owner, herself an inventor, enjoys the right to several patents that represent the ingenuity of the women operators fn her employment, one 0/ the devices bringing in over $20,-600 a year.
Those 'acquainted with the field lay that fully three hundred of the patents taken out by women within the last ten years arc yielding unusually large returns to the inventors, and that others not yet out on the market are destined to be equally successful. When a device can command within a few minutes after being patented, $20,000, the originator of the idea is quite beyond masculine criticism; and such was thtTolfer to the woman inventor of the satchel bottomed paper bag. t A simple glove buttoner is yielding the woman who thought "out the scheme $5,000 a year. A patented adjustable waist supporter has made the inventor independent*. \
The gradual increase of the number of women factory workers is evidenced in the factory appliances which come improved from their bands. Again, the far Northwest runs to household novelties, like butter workers, brushes for cleaning upholstery and compositions for kindling fires.
To enumerate the inventions which have come from women in the last five years is to include a lock with 3,000 combinations, a letter box for the outside of houses which shows a signal when there is
a letter inside for the postman to collect, an improved canteen, an apparatus for removing wool from skin by electricity, a speedy and profitable process for making horseshoes, a new aluminum holder, improvements in harnesses and vehicles, and a buttonhole cutting machine by which the distance between buttonholes is measured automatically.
Nothing could be more divergent than the subjects which have engaged women inventors during any two consecutive months of last year. A woman pupil at a New York school of embalming invented a burial apparatus that has been approved by popular undertakers. And then the list runs through alarm clocks, a fire escape device, a brake for vehicles, a fruit press, a carpet stretcher, a system of ventilating buildings, a barrel tapping and emptying device, a hammer guard for firearms, a bottle filling apparatus, and an invalid chair.
Undoubtedly the opportunties for higher education enjoyed to-day by women are responsible for their great activity in this new field. Again, the four million women workers in this country are more than idustrious; they are bringing great skill and fine training to bear on their work. Woman has become dissatisfied with the few learned professions. She wishes to attest her practical nature; and the fact that she is doing inventive work of a high order demonstrates her efficiency as a practical worker. •
light of progress allow themselves to be exploited. The Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butchers' Workmen have a label and and an intelligent organization, the Flour -and Cereal Workers and Bakers stamp their symbol in wheat that has passed through union hands and there is no article of wearing apparel or furniture, the piano not excepted, that is not made by union workers.
UNION LABELS
Just one year ago the Brooklyn Central Labor Union held a Union Label Fair—the first thorough exposition in this country of all sorts and grades of label goods.
The interest excited by the efforts of the committee from the central body had a far-reaching effect, making certain that the fair would be a fixed annual feature of the work of preaching the gospel of solidarity among those who work for wages.
Previous to this time perhaps the best known labels were those of the hatters, printers and cigarmakers, and an astonishingly large number of members of unions were unfamiliar with even the now well-known insignia of the garment workers and the shoeworkcrs. Many other labels came to light at the fair to make good the assertion that no union man or woman need eat or be clothed with the product of those workers who by failing to see the
Controversies with other National Organizations
Since I had the opportunity to visit towns outside of New York in the interest of our International Union, it came to my notice that many of our craftsmen, who properly belong to us, were admitted, either as individual members or as local unions in other national organizations.
In the City of St. Louis, Mo., the Journeymen Tailors' International Union, initiated about seventy-five ladies' tailors in one of the'r affiliated locals, No. 11 of St. Louis, in spite of the protest of Bro. David Kreyling, organizer of the A. F. of L., for St. Louis. I investigated this matter personally and found the contention to be correct. I immediately communicated with Bro. John B. Lennon, the general secretary of the J. T. U , and in reply he stated that they are going to keep the ladies' tailors in their organizations, because fifty years ago ladies tailoring was done by their members. Mr. Lennon also did not deny that ladies tailors in Buffalo, N. Y.; Pittsburg. Pa.; San Francisco, Cal., and some other cities are members of their organization, and that they intend to hold them as such. The same applies to the U. G. W.
.-This organization issued a charter to the ladies' tailors in Bridgeport, Conn. Another charter was granted by them to a union of raincoat workers in Philadelphia, where 90 per cent, of the workers in this craft are engaged in the making of ladies' raincoats only.
Should we be in a position tc have our organizers on the road all these workers would now be members of our international union.
Un orario piu breve invoglia e il lavoro e piu proficuo, una paga piu aha fa la vita piu lunga.
IL Un orario lungo snerva e fa produrrc meno;
la paga meschina fa piu breve la vitm
Ladies' Garment Worker GIORNALE UFFICIALE DELL' UNIONE INTERNAZIONALE PER ARTICOLI DA SIGNORA
PUBLICAZIONE MENSILE
VOLUME I. No. 4. NEW YORK, LUGLIO, 1910 PRICE 2c
CI SARA' UNO SOIOPERO GENERALS NEL MESTIERE DEI CLOAK E SKIRT D I NEW YORK?
Alcuni dei nostri lettori, probabil-mente scuoteranno il capo dubbiosi e iorpresi dell'intestazione di questo articolo.
' ' Perche. i capi cambiarono le loro idect domanderanno. Dopo che o-gmiiio definitivamente si e assicuralo die la cosa e stata stabilita e suggel-lata, e che generalraente padroni e o-perai a8pettano uno sciopero generate, croderemo noi che esso sia ancora in-decisof Per settimane e settimane quoslo evento e 6tato fl solo diseorso ilella conversazione fra i cloack mao-kers, e l'agitazione per preparar loro alio sciopero ha avuto il suo pieno ef-fetto. Ed ora vi ri traete indielro, con-tr<> le vostre dichiarazionit
Noi dovremmo dire a qnesti lettori: "Siate calmi e composti, noi non ahluamo cambiato la nostra opinione e siamo pienamente coerenti alle nostro dichiarazioni contenute nella eir-("lare da noi inviata alle nostre loca-li pareccbi mesi fa. r
N'oi ripetiamo che in una citta come New York, dove vi sono da 1300 a 1400 shops di cloack e skirt e un imraenso numero di Cloakmackers lie cercaiui da una al l 'a l t ra shop il
"posto soddisfacente", lo sforzo di . •rsanizzare le masse con metodi per-uasivi finora hanno dato prove futi-
H. Tutti qnesti metodi banno fatto a- ' ere parecchie dozzine di padroni Che
firmano un eontjgtto, in altre parole, "bbliirano pochi padroni alle condizioni dettate dall'Unione e lascia la srande maggioranza di loro fuori dal-11 nii>ne. Qnesti -metodi, condncono alia dcinoralizzazione e non mai,a una rffettiva organizzazione.
Q'lando sottomettiamo una doman-•*» p>'r i prezzi unionisti, i pad ronP Mtnr.ilmente ci si prcsentano obbiet-tando nel seguente modo. Perche mi obbligate a pagare, dieiamo $2.00 per fsr» in tale articolo, mentre il mio ">mi-iitore lo fa a meta prezzo sotto >I nrio nasot Ci6 vieta a me di vende-n* i lei articoli, ma permette al mio w ' n T ' i t o r e di prendere nuove ordina "oni cent re io pagando il prezzo ""l i -.ione perdo la mia elientela. I o ""«>•» donteroso pagare qnalsiasi prez *o T-' si domanda qusndo l'Unione Bworri ji „ ^ 0 eompetitore a pagare l o • • « » prezzo « cosl poter io reg-Ukw> alia coneorrenza. &
Qgni aomo intelligente e h e ^ a b b i a '•• - idea degli affari commerciali
comprendcra quanto sia potente que-sta obiezione, e la pratica quotidiann conferma col fatto che ove On padrone e obbligato pagare il prezzo del-l'Unione, dopo l'accordo si effettua uno scarso impicgo di operai. II padrone unionist a e reso inetto alia coneorrenza che gli muove il padrone non unionist a il quale per poco o nien te riesce a fare il lavoro. I padroni ahbandonano quelle shops e diffendo no la demoralizzazione, sfidnciosi del-la massa di lavoratori coi quali sono venuti a contatto.
Anche in quoi posti ove un mode-rato aumento di prezzo si e ottenuto e gli operai hanno ritenuti i loro posti, prin'cipale prova di ridurre i prez zi alia fine di ogni stagione. Nei ma-gazzini non uninisti il prezzo della mano d'opera h generalmente ridot-ta a meta; ma nei magazzini dell 'U-nione i lavoranti insistentemente vo-gliono ritenere i prezzi qual lo sciopero fa ottenere qui e altrove. Noi sappiamo per esperienza che gli scio-peri di tal genere alia fine della stagione hanno distrutto i loro effctti.
.In conseguenza sarebbe pazzis pro-vare di ottenere aumenti di prezzi nei magazzini unionisti in questa raanie-ra. .
Cos! la nostra posizione e doppia-mente resa difficoltosa, perche in qualsiasi easo, j lavoranti unionisti crescono scoraggiati e ingannati e que sto perche noi scioperiamo per l'im-possibile, spingendo gli unionisti a di-sertare nel campo dei crumiri e .della disorsranizzazione.
Cio e una impossibility fisica man-tenere diverse dozzine di magazzini unionisti in una citta dove i non unionisti si contano forse a migliain.
Noi crediamo 8 spesso abbiamo ma-nifestato 1'opinione che e cosa neces-saria prendere misure straordinarie di portare cambiamenti radical! nel nostro mestiere, le di cni condizioni vanno di anno in anno dal eattivo al peggio.
Ma in maniera di avere un diritto a diehiarare uno sciopero generale, noi dobbiamo essere certi di tre cose.
Primo, noi dobbiamo essere assolu-tamente sienri che questo non e uno ozioso strepito. ma che la massa si prepara ad intraprendere una lotta sineera e risoluta.
Secondo. prendere giuste misure per essere in grad° di rendere chi si tiene nascosto dallo sciopero non in-qualificato sneeesso.
Tcrzo, e questo e il piu importante, ehe il prnssimo aeeordo dovra essere un proprio e duratiiro basato, e non fatto a easaecio, un aeeordo insomnia da cui i lavoratori dovranno rie-vcre ondizioni migliori.
Per arrivare a cio noi dobbiamo lottare per eguagliare i prezzi e erea-re una stabilita di paga per la mede-sima classc di lavoro nei vari magazzini, per eseludere la possibilita di quella inclinnzione a capi e a ge-losie a fare domande eccessive ai padroni da espersi loro stessi ad ingiu-ste eompetizioni, mentre altri meno gelosi dell'Unione, interessntamente portano i prezzi al piik basso livello.
Anche se per opera delle sciopero, dovrebbe in altri rispetti Cmirc as-sai favorevolmente per i lavoranti, noi dovremo ancora considerare di a-vere una vergognosa vittoria e saeri-fici spesi inutilmente se questo pun-to sarebbe trascurato.
Se si fallisce ad arrivare ad ottenere un aggiunstamento di prezzo per portare quanto meglio sia possibile u • na organizzazione, lo sciopero allora e stato fatto invano.
Un immediato e accurato aeeordo c"1 la causa di non risultatn di inordi-nnto aumento di prezzi in diversi magazzini c il loro rmaner ancora bassi ^ perieolo eostante e probabile ro^i-na dell'Unione.
Fallite queste trc condizioni noi.di-ehiariamo che non abbiamo pratica-mente nessun diritto morale di chia-mare uno sciopero generale.
I.e mnsso debbono dimostrare la loro volonfa per essere in queste condizioni. Se loro sono di questo parere, se loro sono per combattere per il suc-cesso finale, se loro desideraoo un aeeordo soddisfacente e dnraturo, debbono d 'ora in poi organizzarsi esten- • sivamente, dovono affollarsi nell'organizzazione prima che lo sciopero sia proclamato.
Questo e il solo tasto col quale pos-siamo toccare le masse. Se loro deai-dc-rano nno sciopero generale debbono promettere la loro fedelta ed ob-bedienza, devono entrare nell'organizzazione. Questo dovra precedere tut te le vostre preparaioni. 8olo evi-tando la suscettibilita di uno sbaglio delle masse e presentando un'organizzazione e ana solids prospettiva ai nemici, solo allora noi saremo in una posieione da prendere le neces-sarie misure per assicurare la vittoria ed un srinsto aeeordo.
Finche per6 i lavoratori del nostro
mestiere sono pnrzialmente organis-sati , finche molti di loro si terrsnno lontani dall'organizzazione, l 'Unione non avra l 'opportunita di realicwrc i bisogni o i requisiti d var magixani. Per diehiarare nno sciopero nelle er-costanzo prosenti, -renderebbe impoa-sibile un soddisfacente aeeordo.
Noi non possiamo aspettare quello che e successo nello sciopero della sartine sara ripetuto^per i oloaek-makers. Le lavoranti in camicette noa erano cosl numerose come i eloaek-makers e skirtmakers. Quelle sono ao-lamente un terzo del numero di qnesti. B poi le sartine "no quasi tut te ragazxe, era facile guidarle e erano pi ftubbidienti alia diseipliaa. In tola! c il numero di esse era,,molto in-feriore a quello doj cloack e skirt makers.
Dalla nostra esperienza non possiamo dire per i cloakmakers, di u-sare lo sciopero quale metodo di organizzazione, il risnltato sarebbe la eonfusione. Anche con la migliore ef-ficace forza d'organizzazione a nostro comando, sarebbe impossibile a disciplinarli c di condurre altri fuori del eaos nel corso di una notte.
Quanto pin contempliamo la situa-zione, tanto piu consideriamp le eon-'li/.ioni del nostro mestiere e la maniera in cui i lavoratori sono spar-pagliati per la vasta citta di New York, tanto meno confident! accro-scono in noi le occasioni di uno sciopero generale, ammenohe la nostra organizzazione non sia totalmento e-quipaggiata .- liene preparata per la batlaglia. /
Noi siamo informati che un gran numero di eloackmackers sono ansioai d entrare nell'Unione, ma aspettano, lo sciopero generale per vedere il van to da quale parte soffia. A questi noi diremo s la procrastinazione e la loro parola d'ordine, se intendono sa-dersi sul limitare aspettando i sacr!-fizi dei loro compagni di lavoro a i agire come i loro liberator!, essi haa-no da aspettare un tempo lungo. Nel medesimo tempo il vento non spirera per loro, ma si a\Tanno le presenti da gradanti condizioni di lunghe ore di lavoro, di breve stagione e paghe me-sehine.
D'al tro canto, s la vasta maggio-nitiz.-i dei cloakmakers sono ansiosi per uno sciopero generale, e per il mi-glionunento delle condizioni operaie, questo portera successo, ma loro devono provarlo eon 1'entrare subito nllTJnione. Johaa A. Dycta.
8 THE LADIES* GARMENT WORKER
AX LADIES' TAILOR B DBE8F MAKERS ITALIANI.
Vi e qualche cos* nell'ambiente
in M\ viviamo ehe soaping* tutti eo-
lord *he Uvonino verso quel fine che
« eomo la vita del lavoratore: l 'C-
mione, Dopo la lungs disastrosa cri-
ri ehe fece diBcendere i salari a mi-
• ime proporzioni. seguita, dal eon-
tinuo Tinearo di tutti i ireneri ne-
eesmri nils vita, oggi die il lavoro
rieomincia a chiamare intorno a se
le miriadi di disoccupati, oggi I lft-
vorfttori oomprendoiio di dOver rin-
novare quelle lotte che tante vit
tori" e tantj bencfici procurarono ad
•a II lavoro ritorna abbondante, ina
i padroni non sono coal generosi da
riBUbilire spontaneamente i salari
di tins volia, e perciA che si sehte
il blsogno dell 'Unione perche la lotta
riesca ordinata e certa dellft vittbria.
Oggi gli operai atanchi delle lunghe
privazioni, oppreasi dalle rapaci spo-
(rliarioni dei trusts, si riavvicinano,
BJ serrano in schiere compatte e le
TThidni Htornano ligogliose e gli seio-
peri accaniti si risolvonb tutti in be-
neficio dei lavoratori.
Ant-he per i Barti vi e unaanselita
aninuUiohe «he ci fa sperar molto, e
Irk «ssi non ultimi g) 'italiani abban-
donano 1'isolfttnento e numerosi si
inserivn no all Unione proclamando
i loro diritti.
Ne restii del tuto sono Ladies Tai
lors e i Dressmakers italiani; Un
boon numero dl quest i, du lungo tem
po (sostiehe una lotta ammirevole in
bomb dell "Unione e dei santi princi-
pi umani contro la prepotenza dei
padroni Questo nucleo cosciente a-
aee per tutti i auoi compagni di la
voro, fti quali ehiama intorno a so
percn'e quel nucleo diveuti un eorpo
forte e poderoso, vivo e cosciente e
muova alia lotta e-nffermi i auoi di
ritti. -
Certaraente i aarti da costumi non
possono essere eontenti del modo co
me esBi vengono tratUti dai padro
ni, ne haniiii da lodarsi con 1'essere
fnori dell'Unione. Easi devono capire
che gl'individui umani da soli nella
lotta della vita, non hanno air i im
portanza, he possono sperar mai al-
cun benefieio. Gli uomini basano la lo
ro morale sul tomaconto personsle, e
quindi per maggior garenzia su quel-
lo di elsase. I padroni sono una clas-
se ehe fondano i loro affari suite spe-
eulazioni d'ogni genere, e sul rifiinire
al pio non poeso i salari dei loro lavo
ratori. Essi, aecondo la coscienza di
credenti in una qualsiasi religione e
aecondo la eoseienza di padroni sen-
tono il dovere di dare all'operaio tan
to che basti a conservare le forze,
perche l'indomani con nuova lena
torni a produrre pei padroni.
L'operaio in qtiesta societft indivi-
dualista ha anch'esso il diritto di fa
re il aiio intereaae di guardare al BUO
tomaconto, di tutelare la sua dignitn
giaeeho oggi non erede piu essere infe
riore s nesauho, ma un uomo e parte
dell 'umanita.
Per nuecire in cio e necessario n-
nirai, costituirsi in classe e in nome
suo chiedere, e »e non dati, strappare
i proprii diritti.
Pin di nhb di questi aarti da co
stume, perchq son fnori dell'ftfosa
shop, perche fanno lavori piu fini, si
credono eome individui privileging,
e non sanno che sono sempre sti-n-
menti ciechi nelle msni dei padroni.
Cbiesti perche non s'inscrivono al-
1'Unione rispondono: ma non e neces
sario, noi atiamo bene. Si, state bene.
r.\i non notreste stare met-lit** Non
f'li'-aste a H*fttts al';- jJHar.i in in fric
cia il padrri? « 'Brgli compr.^iviere
che se 1" o ! proprietario della ff l -
brica, voi a y i . i proprii^aii tie 'e
stre brae»iA ?
Dire di star bene quando il pad>\>ne
ha il diritto di fisssre il vostro sa-
lario, imporvi l'orario, far valere sem
pre la sua volontft, non e affermazio-
nene ehe scatnrisee dalla coscienza
dell'uomo, ma e presnhrione che e-
mana da nn falso sentimento di se
8tesso e dall'importanza che si vuol
dare alia valentla personale.
Assumere un contegno virile coi
compagni che vi vogliono fratelli, che
vi propongono lTnione , e poi ritor-
nare utnili sul banco del lavoro e ub-
bidienti al padrone, c la peggior con-
traddizione dello spirito umano che
liirna alio sguaiato e al comico. Chi
presume discutere della bontft dell 'U-
nione, dopo le mille buone prove da
essa date e non ba il coraggio di di
re: queste braccia sono mie e io solo
. he il diritto di prestarle a condizioni
vantaggiose per me, ne sa far rispet-
tare la sua persona e i snoi diritti,
non e che un triste o un incosciente e
noi non sappiamo rispondere che con
un sorriso.
Ma qnesti pochi ehe noi definiamo
benevolmente: "g l i eterni incanten-
tabili", non soho la classe dei nostri
sarti da costume (Ladies' Tailors and
Dressmackers) operai dignitosi e eo-
scienti, che sentono tut to il peso pa-
dronali. e se non 8i :• scossi anco-
ra lo si deve a parecchi fatti non ul
timo qneflo della mancahza di un or-
ganizzatroe italian0 serio e abile.
A qnesto la nostra Internationale
hft proweduto, essa con cura materna
cerca tutte le buone vie perche non
un sarto resti fnori delltTnione. An-
zi per voi, aarti da costume, vuol fa
re ancora di piu, vi darn, qnando lo
vogliate, faeolta di costituire un
branch italiano per tutti i Ladies'
Tailors e Dressmakers nostri conna-
zionali.
E ' quistione di volontft, unitevi e
a\-rfete quftnto chiedete dnll'Interna-
zionale. e con pochi sforzi giungerete
a quella jndipendenza a cui -aspirano
gli operai moderni.
Noi abbiamo piena fiducia nei Sar
ti da costume italiani; fra pochi me-
si essi uniti in un reggimento forte
e disciplinato, si uniranno al grande
esercito dei lavoratori d'America,
nella marcia gloriosa che mena a "quel
futuro di libertfl e uguaglianza che
rcdimerft tutti i proletari dlla trra.
POOHE PAROLE
full- Convcnzione di Boston.
La Convenzione della "International Ladies' Garment Waikers U-n ion" tenutosi teste a Boston (6-11 Gingno) fu la piu chiara manifesta-ziohe della vitalitft della nostra Intern azionale.
Mai come in quests Convenzione si e notato coesibne ed entnsiasmo fra i rappresentanti delle'molti Locali in-tervenuti, mai si ebbe un congresso di sarti da donna piu significativo di qnesto.
Le molte deliberazioni di pratica attuazione e la tendenza addimostra-ta di rendere sempre piu atta la com-pagine dei lavoratori sarti, ci fanno presagire che, fra poco tempo, la nostra Intemazionale si mettera in prima lin^a nel vasto campo dell'orga-nizzazione americana.
Cot^grande movimento che si ini-ziera nel prossimo Agosto in New York, avremo una ripercussione in tntti gli Stati dell'Unione che oltre a trarre dall 'incertezza una gran parte di lavoranti sarti, quali sono i Cloackmaker e Skirts, servira ad in-fondere in tutti i lavoratori del no-stro mestiere lo spirito di associazio-ne e la fiducia nell'Unione.
In una parola, quest'ultima Convenzione ha un grande significato, e la sua importanza apparirft col passa-re dei giorni coi quali verranno tra-dotti in pratica i suoi motti delibe-rati.
Noi non staremo a fare la esposi-zione di questo Congresso, che reste-ra memrabile nella storia della nostra Intemaziole, poiche tutti i snoi atti e deliberati e le discussioni che li generarono saranno pubblicati nella loro ntegrita fra non molto e i no-str empagni potranno leggere e com-mentare per proprio conto. Per6 vo-gliamo fare osservare quanto interes-se abbia addimostrato il Congresso di Boston, ehe poi e la volontft dell'In-
ternazinale, B favore dei Sarti i|,. Hani.
Si sa che I'Uttone dei ('In, (kifli. kers di New York fra i vnri •• •!?.,„. fieelti pel Congresso compres, j| na_ gtro connazionale, Salvatore \ j n ( 0
di cui son note le benemerenzo ,-he si acquist6 nel mondo operaio d'Anwri-ca, e che il Cbngresso di Bostnii vol. le riconoscere col nominarln mfra. bro di una commissione'' special* |a
qunle formulo qnanto di pin importan le fu approvato dal Congresso * |ra
questo 1ft costitUzione di un partitn del lavoro americano con pnii.'iamma plitico netto e chiaro.
Il Ninfo, quale italiano, non tra-liisrin mezzi per riuscire iiell'iiii*iiii, nobilissimo di trarre l'nttenzion* d*l-l'lnternazionale verso la ntiniemm classe dei nostri sarti e fare adottart tutti quei mezzi che valgano a destar-le confidenza e simpatia. Egli riusri in tutto ci6 e ne ebbe la prnva piu convincente quando chiese cd nttenne con voto unanime, la istituzion* di un ufflcio e la nomina di un organizta-, tore italiano per uso esclusivo dei sar-li italiani.
K' una bella vittoria ottenuta dal nostro eompagno e connazionale e sin mo sicuri che all'opera sua saranno riconbscenti i sarti italiani con l'or-ganizzarsi pel bene di loro sressi, pel bene di tutta la classe dei sarti che lavora e soffre in questa terra ove il capitale e piu che alt rove rapace, e gli operai non possono reggersi senza l'organizzazione di mestiere.
There's Something Wrong
There's something wrong, my friend, Look straight on—you will sec
The U. S. Trust is ALL MYSELF, « And none for you and nic: Be careful that you will not fl<>l' To their slave barracks Open Shop
The world is now surprised And freemen are in rage!
To see our men like slaves ,In this enlightened age:
Without free speech, and no fair play-By tyrants driven night and day.
This democratic land. "The home of brave and fr< •'.
For ever will not stand The shackle of slavery-; — / ^
The blood Our Heroes shed so fret ^ Was shed for our liberty.
Be patient and judge right. And you find this song
Will prove above all doubt That there is S O M E ' i I N 0
• WRONG; When Justice shines upon tlii P»* The U. S. Trust will feel ib »'«*
Why don't they sign the sea' Yes, why! again I say?
All good business men Like contracts, and fair pi1' '
But this great monster V. J- 1"!!',, Wants the whole earth hini-i1' •"
—Howard "••s-°*
Gas. City. Ind.
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