VIEWS OF OUR WORLD. GLOBALIZATION The process by which societies, cultures, politics, and economies around the world are becoming increasingly integrated.

VIEWS OF OUR WORLD

GLOBALIZATION

The process by which societies, cultures, politics, and economies around the world are becoming increasingly integrated

Economic globalization the process of increasing economic

integration between countries Production, markets, technology, industries

sharing of capital, production, labour, markets, technology and resources leads to lower prices

Opposing Views

allows for full benefit of free market capitalism

Reduction of trade barriers such as fees and quotas

Leads to economic growth in both developed and developing countries

A source of economic domination and oppression

Does not always lead to economic growth

Makes the differences between classes more evident

Wealthy countries are usually the beneficiaries

Poor working conditions, inequality

POSITIVES NEGATIVES

THEORETICAL RESPONSES TO ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION

Globalization primarily involves capitalist Western societies spreading Western ideals and culture

Often explained in terms of the relationship between capitalist countries and the rest of the world

Modernization Theory

Focuses on how traditional societies are transformed into modern societies

Change is made possible by advancements in technology, industry, economic growth

Societies also modernize through social, political, cultural change

Rostow’s Model: Traditional cultural values a major obstacle

Traditional thinking, religion, superstition sometimes view hardship and economic deprivation as inevitable

A shift in values is necessary to become more receptive to change ie. More concern for individual rights and

personal achievement

Dependency Theory

Wealth flows from poor countries to wealthier countries

Economic activity in developed countries led to economic problems in underdeveloped countries

In effect, underdeveloped countries provide resources, cheap labour and a market for developed countries

Poverty is due to the way in which countries are integrated into world markets

Terms of trade are unbalanced and unfair Global poverty is attributed to this

exploitation

How do we correct this problem?https://youtu.be/k2lvExRwDIIhttps://youtu.be/aVx6cRBtm7c

World-System Theory

The capitalist world economy is a global system in which there is an international division of labour Core nations – most economically advanced Peripheral – poorest, least developed,

dependent Semi-peripheral – semi-industrialized,

process and manufacture natural resources Upward and downward mobility is possible

– ie. Japan, China

New International Division of Labour Theory

Commodity production can be divided and assigned to areas that are most profitable

Based on free trade and investment between countries Promoted by trade liberalization

agreements that remove or reduce restrictions

ie. Taxes, licensing, regulations Investment is thought to create jobs,

however, profits do not typically stay in the country

LABOUR LAW AND GLOBALIZATION

https://youtu.be/onD5UOP5z_c

What is the impact of this on Canadian society?

TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS Corporations that have operations in two or

more countries Often have manufacturing plants and

markets around the worldAPPLE: https://youtu.be/_RBW2bcMzuUWould APPLE be able to succeed in Canada?GM:https://youtu.be/8X5F9xuwy3k

NON-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF GLOBALIZATION

Political Globalization World politics is becoming more integrated, reducing the

importance of “nation-states” “multilateralism” involves the world community in global

initiatives – ie. Disease, financial crises, climate change, security

The emergence of international groups is a growing trend United Nations World Health Organization World Bank International Monetary Fund

Are these organizations effective in carrying out their mandates?

Environmental Effects http://

www.ted.com/talks/al_gore_warns_on_latest_climate_trends?language=en#t-9672